FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo discutir a personalizaÃÃo da polÃtica por parte dos representantes ao longo do mandato. Analisa-se como a utilizaÃÃo de media digitais tem participaÃÃo nesse fenÃmeno. Explora-se como agentes do campo acabam se apropriando dessas redes digitais para aumentar sua visibilidade, atravÃs da promoÃÃo da prÃpria imagem, a fim de influenciar favoravelmente a opiniÃo pÃblica. Esses meios sÃo frequentemente encarados com o potencial de aproximar a polÃtica dos cidadÃos, aumentando o engajamento da esfera civil. Examinando os perfis pessoais de dois deputados federais no Twitter â Marco Feliciano (PSC-SP) e Jean Wyllys (PSOL-RJ) â, busca-se estudar o uso ―personalizado‖ dos media digitais por estes agentes polÃticos. Para isso, foram coletados e estudados os tweets publicados nos meses de setembro, outubro e novembro de 2013, a fim de contemplar os perfis dos dois parlamentares de maneira mais contÃnua, sem se restringir a um acontecimento especÃfico, enfatizando-se os perfis dos diÃlogos travados entre os parlamentares e os usuÃrios. Para classificaÃÃo dos tweets, utilizou-se anÃlise de conteÃdo das mensagens na tentativa de dimensionar a gestÃo de imagem dos deputados a partir do que foi publicado em seus perfis. A anÃlise das mensagens revelou uma composiÃÃo de uma imagem pÃblica de dois deputados bastante integrados com as novas tecnologias e que, pelo menos na aparÃncia, estÃo dispostos a manter um diÃlogo direto com os cidadÃos. Ao gerenciarem suas imagens pÃblicas, tÃm-se principalmente os deputados falando sobre as posiÃÃes detidas e realizaÃÃes pessoais, ligando, por vezes, a vÃrias remodelaÃÃes e compromissos que ocorrem no seu cotidiano. Portanto, trata-se de uma informaÃÃo pessoal, mas de natureza profissional e nÃo oferece a seus seguidores um senso do processo polÃtico interno para a tomada de certas decisÃes. PorÃm, Ã inegÃvel que a utilizaÃÃo de ferramentas digitais aproxima representantes e representados e, por consequÃncia, tambÃm aproxima o discurso polÃtico da sociedade, ainda que as trocas sejam limitadas.

Depuis l'explosion du Web, la Recherche d'Information (RI) s'est vue étendue et les moteurs de recherche sur le Web ont vu le jour. Les méthodes classiques de la RI, surtout destinées à des recherches textuelles simples, se sont retrouvées face à des documents de différents formats et des contenus riches. L'utilisateur, en réponse à cette avancée, est devenu plus exigeant quant aux résultats retournés par les systèmes de RI. La personnalisation tente de répondre à ces exigences en ayant pour objectif principal l'amélioration des résultats retournés à l'utilisateur en fonction de sa perception et de ses intérêts ainsi que de ses préférences. Le présent travail de thèse se situe à la croisée des différents aspects présentés et couvre cette problématique. Elle a pour objectif principal de proposer des solutions nouvelles et efficaces à cette problématique. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un système de personnalisation de la recherche spatiale et sémantique sur le Web et intégrant la modélisation de l'utilisateur, a été proposé. Ce système comprend deux volets : 1/ la modélisation de l'utilisateur ; 2/ la collaboration implicite des utilisateurs à travers la construction d'un réseau de modèles utilisateurs, construit itérativement lors des différentes recherches effectuées en ligne. Un prototype supportant le système proposé a été développé afin d'expérimenter et d'évaluer l'ensemble de la proposition. Ainsi, nous avons effectué un ensemble d'évaluation, dont les principales sont : a) l'évaluation de la qualité du modèle de l'utilisateur ; b) l'évaluation de l'efficacité de la recherche d'information ; c) l’évaluation de l'efficacité de la recherche d'information intégrant les informations spatiales ; d) l'évaluation de la recherche exploitant le réseau d'utilisateurs. Les expérimentations menées montrent une amélioration de la personnalisation des résultats présentés par rapport à ceux obtenus par d'autres moteurs de recherche. / The web explosion has led Information Retrieval (IR) to be extended and web search engines emergence. The conventional IR methods, usually intended for simple textual searches, faced new documents types and rich and scalable contents. The users, facing these evolutions, ask more for IR systems search results quality. In this context, the personalization main objective is improving results returned to the end user based sing on its perception and its interests and preferences. This thesis context is concerned with these different aspects. Its main objective is to propose new and effective solutions to the personalization problem. To achieve this goal, a spatial and semantic web personalization system integrating implicit user modeling is proposed. This system has two components: 1/ user modeling; /2 implicit users' collaboration through the construction of a users' models network. A system prototype was developed for the evaluation purpose that contains: a) user model quality evaluation; b) information retrieval quality evaluation; c) information retrieval quality evaluation with the spatial user model data; d) information retrieval quality evaluation with the whole user model data and the users' models network. Experiments showed amelioration in the personalized search results compared to a baseline web search.

The aim of this study was to investigate the perception of personalization on news applications and to examine to what extent it is seen as an optimal solution for users to receive information. Due to the growth of online news and digital journalism the amount of information that is being published online is significantly higher nowadays than it has previously been. Therefore, a recommendation system called personalization has been introduced to choose content for the reader. Many concerns of personalization have already been brought to light, these concerns are believed to be contributing to filter bubbles and echo chambers. This study will investigate these concerns further in order to understand the users. The methodology used in the study were semi-structured interviews and an analysis based on the concerns brought forward by Borgesius et al. Six interviews were conducted with users and two were conducted with major news organizations in Sweden. The results of the study indicate that users fear personalization will cause filter bubbles and polarization due to them only being subjected to one perspective. The users are unaware as to how personalization works and therefore question why it is being introduced into news applications. Due to personalization being a new phenomenon news applications it is not yet seen as an optimal solution by users or news organizations. There are, however, many factors that can assist in its development such as transparency and awareness of the phenomenon.

[pt] Esta dissertação apresenta uma estratégia para desenvolver sistemas de informação geográfica, seguindo uma variante do padrão de projeto Modelo- Visão-Controle (MVC). A estratégia adota modelos para reproduzir classes de usuário e capturar características adicionais das classes de informação da aplicação. A variante do padrão MVC proposta altera os componentes para implementar mecanismos de adaptação, interpretando os modelos definidos. O trabalho descreve ainda um fragmento de uma aplicação projetada segundo a estratégia proposta. / [en] This dissertation introduces a strategy to develop geographic information systems based on a variant of the Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern. The strategy adopts models to reproduce user classes and to capture additional characteristics of the information classes. The MVC components are modified to implement adaptation mechanisms, which interpret the models. The dissertation also describes an example application designed according to the proposed strategy.

Web services composition is emerging as a promising technology for the effective automation of application-to-application collaborations. The application integration problems have been subject of much research in the past years. However, with growth in importance of business process automation and highly dynamic nature of the Internet, this research has taken on a new significance and importance. Adequate solutions to this problem will be very important to make enterprise systems more flexible, robust and usable in the future. In this dissertation, we present a novel approach for the declarative definition and scalable orchestration of composite Web services in large, autonomous, heterogeneous, and dynamic environments. We first propose a composition model for composing Web services in a personalized and adaptive manner. We model composite Web services based on statecharts. To cater for large amounts of dynamic Web services, we use the concept of service community that groups services together and is responsible for the runtime selection of services against user's preferences. We use the concept of process schema that specific users can adjust with their personal preferences. A set of exception handling policies can be specified to proactively react to runtime exceptions. We then propose a tuple space based service orchestration model for distributed, self-managed composite services execution. We introduce the concept of execution controller that is associated with a service and is responsible for monitoring and controlling service executions. The knowledge required by a controller is statically extracted from the specification of personalized composite services. We also present techniques for robust Web services provisioning. The techniques presented in this dissertation are implemented in Self-Serv, a prototype that provides a set of tools for Web service composition and execution. Finally, we conduct an extensive usability and performance study of the proposed techniques. The experimental results reveal that our system i) provides an efficient support for specifying, deploying, and accessing composite services; ii) is more scalable and outperforms the centralized approach when the exchanged messages become bigger; and iii) is more robust and adaptive in highly dynamic environments.

網際網路的出現，使得人際社會得以在虛擬的環境下發展。將近半個世紀的孕育，虛擬的社群逐漸成為許多網路族每日生活的一部份，近年來電子商務盛行，虛擬社群更躍為網路公司從事電子商務的重要平台之一，因為社群的分群特性，自然而然地形成特定的市場區隔，有利於網際網路行銷之推展。然而儘管專家與實務經驗說明虛擬社群的發展需要會員的互動，事實上許多網路社群卻都因為缺乏互動，在尚未形成區隔之前便已宣告解體。 本研究嘗試將個人化技術應用在虛擬社群的環境中，首先由相關文獻中瞭解目前虛擬社群的評估指標、個人化技術的操作層次、項目與技術觀點，以及忠誠度的涵意，再建立實驗系統，以實地實驗的方式進行分組實驗操控。在實驗過程中搜集相關資料作為評估行為忠誠的資料來源，並於最後以問卷調查會員之滿意度與認知忠誠。在資料整理後進行時間數列等統計分析，以瞭解實驗社群發展的狀況與操控的效果。 研究結果顯示，個人化技術能有效促進會員互動，使社群的環境能快速形成，而運用推播技術則能使網站與會員的關係延長，當社群發展漸趨於穩定時，推播促使會員重複造訪網站。此外，本研究亦說明了行為忠誠與認知忠誠兩層次忠誠度的涵意，並指出社群會員即使具有認知上忠誠，卻未必在行為上具有忠誠的現象。最後提出進一步的研究建議，作為實務與後續研究之參考。

<p>An increasing amount of technology in cars makes new ideas and solutions necessary. This study will explore the idea of a personalized driver environment and investigate possible benefits and drawbacks with such a feature. The study consists of three parts: a pre-study exploring personalization, a survey investigating the attitudes towards personal settings, and finally an interview testing a specific solution. The survey was distributed in USA and Sweden while the interviews were conducted with Swedish subjects.</p><p>Overall, the concept of a personalized car has been well received. This study has shown that the most requested settings are associated with the driver position, hi-fi system and climate. The study also suggests that feeling in control of the personalization is more important than the benefits associated with automation. The user prefers visible solutions, such as a personal button on the key before hidden (e.g. using a button sequence or a menu system). Such a button promotes the feature while allowing the user to interact with the car in a familiar way. However, since little real user experience exists with such solutions it is important to continue research when further developing personalization of a car.</p>

<p>The purpose of this BA-thesis was to study how three daily Swedish newspapers use a specific type of exemplars, which are recognized by a number of attributes. A photograph of the person that is interviewed always illustrates this type of exemplars and at least two persons are asked the same question.    The three newspapers that have been compared in this study each represent one of the major types of Swedish newspapers: morning press, tabloids and local press. By using a quantitative content analysis, one month was examined in all three newspapers in the year of 1997 and 2007.  Two of the theories that have been central in the thesis are Colin Sparks model of tabloidization, which demonstrates the process of tabloidization and McQuail′s description of commercialization.  The results of the study indicate that there are many similarities between the three newspapers use of exemplars. However, there are some differences when it comes to frequency and function. Noteworthy is that the newspaper “Dagens Nyheter” did not publish a single exemplar the first year of the study, 1997. Ten years later the very same paper published 15 exemplars during the month of examination.</p>

No description available.

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the success of a consulting agency’s KMS, examine the relationships between the factors constituting to its success, and explore possible effects of the knowledge management strategies codification and personalization on these correlations. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is a case study researching a Swedish consulting company’s KMS success using a KMS success model by Wu &amp; Wang (2006). The survey’s results were interpreted using standard multiple regression analysis, which helped to investigate and interpret the correlations between the dimensions constituting KMS success. Findings – The findings in this paper suggest that personalization and codification have an influence on the quality of the correlations between the KMS success dimensions leaving the overall structure intact. Additionally the influence of System Quality on Perceived KMS Benefits and User Satisfaction on System Use were not found significant. Research limitations/implications – This study ‘s main limitiation is a sample size and the case study approach, which limit the generalizability of the results to other contexts. Practical implications – The most important implication of this research is the importance of the user for KMS success. A company needs to focus on improving the benefits a user receives from a KMS, which can mainly be achieved by improving the knowledge made available through the KMS, and by providing a proper basis for the KMS, in order to ensure a minimum level of System Quality. Other factors influencing the success of a KMS are incentives, which can help to increase system use and the quality of system use. Originality/value – The paper shows that when researching KMS success one should take the structure of the company’s knowledge management strategy into consideration. It further proves the applicability of the model in different contexts and its validity for accurately measuring KMS success.