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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Faktorer som påverkar ekföryngring : Pilotstudie med fokus på effekter av brand / Factors Affecting the Oak Regeneration : A Pilot Study Focusing on the Effects of Fire

Lexne, Anna January 2022 (has links)
Ekträd har en central roll i den biologiska mångfalden, där de utgör både livsrum och födkrok för ett stort antal insekter, lavar, svampar och fåglar under sin långa livstid och därefter i den döda veden. Ek har minskat dramatiskt under de senaste 200 åren, men orsakerna till detta är inte helt klarlagda. I östra Nordamerika har den försämrade föryngringen av ek kopplats till de betydligt färre skogsbränderna och ur detta har den s.k. brand-ek-hypotesen uppstått. Denna säger att branden spelar en viktig roll i ekens föryngring i östra USA och i Nordamerika p.g.a. att eken är bättre anpassad än många andra träd för att klara brand, vilket ger den en konkurrensfördel som gör att den inte bara gynnas av brand, utan också kan vara beroende av den. Jag har studerat hur föryngring av ek påverkats av en naturvårdsbränning som genomförts i Krogölen i Allgunnens naturreservat i sydöstra Sverige. Hypotesen är att brand har en gynnsam effekt på ekföryngring även i Sverige och att brand-ek-hypotesen är tillämpbar också här. Detta kunskapsområde är relevant för naturvården i Sverige när det gäller att planera naturvårdsbränningar i områden med förekomst av ek. Eftersom studien har genomförts som en pilotstudie, där endast ett brandområde studerats, kan inga slutsatser om generella brandfältseffekter dras. Mina resultat talar för att krontäckning har en effekt på tätheten av fröplantor i Krogölen, och att den har större betydelse i brandfältet än i det obrända området, vilket talar emot brand-ek-hypotesen. Effekten av brand och krontäckning förklarar i denna studie 21,8% av variationen i den rottransformerade fröplanttätheten per 12,6 m2. Det går inte att se någon ökning av fröplantor eller rotskott i det brända området jämfört med det obrända. För framtida studier skulle det vara intressant att titta på fröplantors dödlighet i olika livsstadier under varierande ljusförhållanden, effekten av predation i brandfält, hur olika brandintensitet kan inverka på ekens föryngring samt bestående effekter av brand över tid och betydelsen av i vilket utvecklingsstadie branden skett. / Oak trees have a central role in biodiversity, where they serve as both a habitat and a feeding ground for a large number of insects, lichens, fungi and birds during its long life and thereafter in the dead wood. Oak has declined dramatically over the past 200 years, but the reasons for this are not entirely known. In eastern North America, the deteriorating regeneration of oak has been linked to the significantly less forest fires and from this the so-called fire-oak hypothesis have emerged. It states that the fire plays an important role in the regeneration of the oak in the eastern United States and North America due to the oak being better adapted than many other trees to endure fire, which gives it a competitive advantage that makes it not only benefit from fire, but also possibly depend on it. I have studied how the regeneration of oak has been affected by a prescribed fire in Krogölen in the Allgunnen nature reserve in the south-east of Sweden. My hypothesis is that fire has a favorable effect on oak regeneration also in Sweden and that the fire-oak hypothesis is also applicable here. This area of ​​knowledge is relevant for nature conservation in Sweden in planning prescribed fires in oak areas. As the study has been carried out as a pilot study, studying only one burned area compared to a none burned area, no conclusions about general fire effects can be drawn. My results suggest that canopy cover has an effect on the density of seed plants in Krogölen, and that it is more comprehensive in the fire field than in the unburned area, which is not conclusive with the fire-oak hypothesis. The effect of fire and canopy cover in this study explains 21.8% of the variation in the root-transformed seed plant density per 12.6 m2. There is no increase in seed plant density or root sprout density in the burned area compared to the unburned area. For future studies, it would be interesting to look at seed plant mortality in different life stages under varying light conditions, the effect of predation in fire fields, how different fire intensities can affect oak regeneration, lasting effects of fire over time and the significance of the oak developmental stage when the fire occurs.
2

[pt] ARQUITETURA PÉTREA: O OUTEIRO DA GLÓRIA NO RIO DE JANEIRO EM FRAGMENTOS SÓLIDOS E LACUNARES / [en] STONE ARCHITECTURE: GLÓRIA HILL IN RIO DE JANEIRO IN SOLID AND FRAGMENTARY PIECES

CAIO RECHUEM LOPES MARTINEZ 04 February 2025 (has links)
[pt] A pesquisa investiga as relações entre arquitetura e extrativismo pétreo no Rio de Janeiro, histórias de uma ascensão gradual que, após seu apogeu no século XIX, relatam o declínio desse longo protagonismo em relação a outras técnicas construtivas. Nesse sentido, o outeiro da Glória, sua igreja (c. 1730) e seu acesso (c. 1960), feito por rampas, escadas e platôs, são partes fundamentais do arco narrativo de uma cidade-pedreira. Manipular a composição humana-mineralógica desses fragmentos é imaginar uma reativação metamórfica capaz de pensar o chamado Mineraloceno para além dos minerais explorados como combustível ou metais preciosos. Em outras palavras, é colocar inúmeras arquiteturas pétreas no centro do espaço moderno-colonial nas Américas. A partir do tensionamento de seus fragmentos sólidos e lacunares, provocamos uma tradição arquitetônica que valoriza aquilo que é aparentemente eterno, que aposta exclusivamente no gigantismo da escalabilidade industrial e que se comunica por meio de uma materialidade alienada. Trata-se, portanto, de uma cartografia em tempo profundo, um entrelaçamento crítico e especulativo de ciclos geológicos e mineralógicos que, dentre outras coisas, tensionam o instrumento servil de um processo de dominação, extração e destruição em escala global, submisso à lógica capitalista e representado pela indústria da construção civil. Ao nos debruçarmos sobre esta matéria que participou ativamente da edificação de uma narrativa hegemônica sobre a cidade do Rio de Janeiro, podemos nos perguntar: quais outras histórias poderiam ser contadas a partir da pedra? / [en] The research investigates the relationships between architecture and stone extraction in Rio de Janeiro, stories of a gradual rise that, after its peak in the 19th century, report the decline of this long protagonism in relation to other construction techniques. In this sense, the Glória hill, its church (1730) and its access (1960), made by ramps, stairs and plateaus, are fundamental parts of the narrative arc of a city-quarry. Manipulate the human-mineralogical composition of these fragments also means to imagining a metamorphic reactivation capable of thinking about the so-called Mineralocene beyond the minerals exploited as fuel or precious metals. In other words, it is to place countless stone architectures at the center of the modern-colonial space in the Americas. By tensioning its solid and missing fragments, we provoke an architectural tradition that values what is apparently eternal, that bets exclusively on the gigantic scale of industrial scalability and that communicates through an alienated materiality. It is, therefore, a cartography in deep time, a critical and speculative intertwining of geological and mineralogical cycles that, among other things, tension the servile instrument of a process of domination, extraction and destruction on a global scale, submissive to capitalist logic and represented by the construction industry. When we look at this material that actively participated in the construction of a hegemonic narrative about the city of Rio de Janeiro, we can ask ourselves: what other stories could be told from stone?
3

[pt] LIBERDADE RELIGIOSA E LIBERDADE DE EXPRESSÃO: O DISCURSO DE LÍDERES RELIGIOSOS DE MATRIZES CRISTÃS NO BRASIL / [en] RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION: THE DISCOURSE OF RELIGIOUS LEADERS FROM CHRISTIAN MATRICES IN BRAZIL

RAFAEL RIBEIRO DE OLIVEIRA 11 October 2022 (has links)
[pt] Esta dissertação tem por objetivo analisar a liberdade religiosa e a liberdade de expressão ambos como normas fundamentais, cláusulas pétreas do Estado Constitucional Democrático de Direito, em face da também constitucional laicização do Estado moderno, analisando os limites desta se suas respectivas efetividades partindo do princípio da liberdade religiosa, tendo em vista que tal relacionamento entre ambas é composta de colisões. A pesquisa mostrará a dimensão da experiência religiosa do homem como fundamento material e a função da religião como sistema social, um breve panorama histórico da relação entre Estado e religião no início da era cristã até o processo de laicização do Estado Moderno, liberdade religiosa e a liberdade de expressão na Constituinte de 1988, até onde pode ir um discurso de um líder religioso de matriz cristã revestido pela liberdade religiosa e da liberdade de expressão e também algumas propostas para estas situações problemáticas da prática jurídica contemporânea, refletindo sobre possíveis encaminhamentos no sentido da efetivação da liberdade religiosa em consonância com a laicização do Estado Democrático de Direito. / [en] This dissertation aims to analyze religious freedom and freedom of expression, both as fundamental norms, essential clauses of the Democratic Constitutional State of Law, in the face of the also constitutional secularization of the modern State, analyzing the limits of this and their respective effectiveness based on the principle of religious freedom, considering that such a relationship between the two is composed of collisions. The research will show the dimension of man s religious experience as a material foundation and the function of religion as a social system, a brief historical overview of the relationship between State and religion from the beginning of the Christian era to the secularization process of the Modern State, religious freedom and the freedom of expression in the 1988 Constituent Assembly, how far can a speech by a religious leader of a Christian matrix go, covered by religious freedom and freedom of expression and also some proposals for these problematic situations of contemporary legal practice, reflecting on possible referrals towards the realization of religious freedom in line with the secularization of the Democratic State of Law.

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