Hardware evolves faster than software. While a hardware system might need replacement every one to five years, the average lifespan of a software system is a decade, with some instances living up to several decades. Inevitably, code outlives the platform it was developed for and may become legacy: development of the software stops, but maintenance has to continue to keep up with the evolving ecosystem. No new features are added, but the software is still used to fulfil its original purpose. Even in the cases where it is still functional (which discourages its replacement), legacy code is inefficient, costly to maintain, and a risk to security. This thesis proposes methods to leverage the expertise put in the development of legacy code and to extend its useful lifespan, rather than to throw it away. A novel methodology is proposed, for automatically exploiting platform specific optimisations when retargeting a program to another platform. The key idea is to leverage the optimisation information embedded in vector processing intrinsic functions. The performance of the resulting code is shown to be close to the performance of manually retargeted programs, however with the human labour removed. Building on top of that, the question of discovering optimisation information when there are no hints in the form of intrinsics or annotations is investigated. This thesis postulates that such information can potentially be extracted from profiling the data flow during executions of the program. A context-aware data dependence profiling system is described, detailing previously overlooked aspects in related research. The system is shown to be essential in surpassing the information that can be inferred statically, in particular about loop iterators. Loop iterators are the controlling part of a loop. This thesis describes and evaluates a system for extracting the loop iterators in a program. It is found to significantly outperform previously known techniques and further increases the amount of information about the structure of a program that is available to a compiler. Combining this system with data dependence profiling improves its results even more. Loop iterator recognition enables other code modernising techniques, like source code rejuvenation and commutativity analysis. The former increases the use of idiomatic code and as a result increases the maintainability of the program. The latter can potentially drive parallelisation and thus dramatically improve runtime performance.

React Native has quickly become one of the most popular cross-platform frameworks for developing Android and iOS applications since it was first released by Facebook in 2015. In this study a proof of concept application is  developed and a set of features are evaluated with regard to performance efficiency. Results of measurements show that while React Native does perform worse than it's Android counterpart, it performs sufficiently well for building most applications with but can be more problematic for applications running heavier client-side logic.

Manufacturing companies are continuously faced with requirements regarding technology novelty, shorter time to market, a higher level of functionality, and lower prices for their products. This is especially true of suppliers that develop and manufacture highly customized products within the automotive industry. It is not uncommon that a request for a new product or subsystem goes out to several suppliers and that the one that can deliver the product most quickly and at the lowest price receives the contract. It is therefore vital for any supplier to answer to quotation requests rapidly and with a high level of precision while also ensuring that company assets are used efficiently. Other issues that apply to suppliers in the automotive industry are heavily fluctuating requirements during development projects, each customer’s individual preferences, and the ever changing interfaces with the OEM product with which the supplier’s product is to be integrated. Platform strategies have been widely accepted in industry to serve a wide product variety while maintaining business efficiency. However, the challenge of applying a platform strategy at the supplier level in the face of the reality described above has not been fully investigated. Platform approaches tend to require a focused development of the platform, which in turn requires some knowledge about which future variants are to be derived from the platform. The research presented in this thesis investigates the state of practice in industry regarding the challenges, needs, and current use of platforms. To respond to the identified need, a platform approach is proposed that expands the scope of what a product platform has traditionally contained. This is undertaken to aid in the development of highly customized products when physical modules or component scalability does not suffice. The platform approach provides a coherent environment for heterogeneous design assets to be used in product development, supporting both the activity of designing and off-the-shelf solutions. The approach is based on identifying and modelling generic product items that are associated with descriptions governing their design. By describing the outcome of technology and product development like finished designs, design guidelines, constraints, etc., in a standardized format, the platform continues to evolve. To aid in using the platform approach, a support system called Design Platform Manager is introduced at a company active as a secondtier supplier in the automotive industry. The system enables the creation of generic product items that can be structured, instantiated, and associated with descriptions, which aids in realizing product variants. The aim of the platform approach and tool is to support the quotation and continued design processes by identifying valid knowledge to use as circumstances, such as requirement changes or new design iterations, warrant. The support tool and overarching model have been evaluated by company representatives, who reported good results.

This qualitative study of networks of entrepreneurs in the mobile technology industry in three ecosystems - Kathmandu, Nairobi and London - examines perceptions and attitudes of entrepreneurs related to their networking activities. The focus is on understanding the entrepreneurs' motivations for, and benefits and risks of networking, as well as the overall trends of development of the three ecosystems, which are very different from each other in terms of socioeconomic circumstances. The findings provide new insights into the link between the concept of a community of supportive peers and the acquisition of subjective resources, such as self-efficacy and legitimacy, while also supporting conclusions of earlier empirical and theoretical work linking networks with the acquisition of resources necessary for founding and building a new firm. A comparison of results across the three ecosystems uncovers a strong tendency towards institutional convergence of the three ecosystems based on a model inspired by the Silicon Valley experience. The mechanisms through which this is found to occur are mimesis and storytelling, motivated primarily by learning goals and the pursuit of legitimacy for entrepreneurial action in the mobile technology industry, as well as for the individual ventures. The overall finding emerging from the cases is that, despite significant differences, the three ecosystems are reliant on a shared pool of relevant information and knowledge, via the Internet and through personal and organizational connections. They resemble one another not only in terms of resources sought by entrepreneurs through their networks, but also in the ways entrepreneurs signal their purpose and value to their community, and in the way the describe their environment - through references to other entrepreneurship ecosystems. In the absence of an existing theoretical approach to analyzing convergence of diverse entrepreneurship ecosystems, the study proposes a framework based on DiMaggio and Powell's theory of institutional isomorphism, and integrating the works of Wiewel and Hunter, on legitimacy-building by association through networks, and Djelic, on the process of cross-national transfer, or export, of economic models. The type of isomorphism perceived is termed "aspirational," since it is found to occur in the context of pursuing a specific outcome previously achieved by the application of a particular institutional model. The difference between "aspirational isomorphism" and behaviours described by DiMaggio and Powell lies in the interpretation and adaptation of a model that can then be embedded in a nascent institutional environment (in this case, an entrepreneurial ecosystem). Rather than pure mimesis, aspirational isomorphism is a flexible and creative endeavor.

Given, on the one hand, the poor results obtained by Peruvian children in the national and international reading assessments. And on the other hand, the increased investment intechnology for schools in the country, this study aimed to develop and test an online tool to improve reading comprehension. In order to do this, the reading comprehension strategies and vocabulary activities from the research-based digital environment ICON were adapted to design the platform LEO. A total of 88 fifth graders from urban middle-to-low-income private schools from Lima participated in this quasi-experimental study, which involved acontrol group and a treatment group that participated in a 12-week teacher-mediated digital intervention. All participants were administered reading and vocabulary assessments pre and post intervention. Results revealed that students who participated in the intervention achieved higher comprehension scores for narrative texts and higher vocabulary scores than those of the control group. / Frente a los bajos resultados que los niños peruanos obtienen en las pruebas nacionales e internacionales de comprensión de lectura y tomando en consideración el aumento de inversión en tecnología en las instituciones educativas del país, el presente estudio buscó desarrollar y evaluar una herramienta virtual para mejorar la comprensión de lectura. Para ello, se adaptaron las estrategias de comprensión de lectura y ejercicios de vocabulario del entorno virtual ICON y se diseñó la plataforma LEO. Un total de 88 estudiantes de quinto grado de primaria, provenientes de colegios privados de nivel socioeconómico medio-bajo de Lima Metropolitana, participaron en este estudio cuasi-experimental, con un grupo control y un grupo que participó en la intervención digital a lo largo de 12 semanas. Todos los participantes fueron evaluados utilizando pruebas de entrada y salida de comprensión de lectura y vocabulario. Los resultados revelaron que los estudiantes que interactuaron con la plataforma LEO obtuvieron resultados significativamente más altos en la comprensión de textos narrativos y vocabulario luego de finalizada la intervención, respecto a sus puntajes al inicio de la misma y también en comparación con el grupo que no empleó la plataforma.

Nous présentons dans cette thèse les différentes étapes de conception d'une plateforme microrobotique dédiée au positionnement sous faisceau de lumière d'objets de dimensions micrométriques. Cette plateforme a pour vocation de mettre en oeuvre des méthodologies d'asservissement et de suivi de position de micro-objets placés au coeur même d'un faisceau de lumière. L'objectif final étant de caractériser des micro/nano-matériaux par diffraction et diffusion des rayons X. Les différentes contraintes technologiques rencontrées par les systèmes de micro-nanomanipulation actuels en environnement synchrotron nous ont amené à concevoir une plateforme microrobotique de manipulation duale utilisant des sondes de microscope à force atomique (AFM). Diverses méthodologies de préhension avec une ou deux sondes AFM avec capteur de force intégré - ont été proposées en vue d'évaluer chacune d'entre-elles dans un contexte de positionnement tridimensionnel. Une stratégie de commande des micromanipulateurs à double étage est mise en oeuvre pour assurer l'asservissement de position des sondes AFM lors des tâches d’approche et de transport du micro-échantillon sous test. Afin d’augmenter la robustesse de positionnement vis-à-vis des erreurs de modélisation, des perturbations extérieures et des bruits de mesure, nous avons proposé une commande robuste de type H∞, avec optimisation des paramètres de pondération à partir d’algorithmes génétiques. De plus, les erreurs aléatoires d’alignement du faisceau de lumière avec l’objet sont corrigées en temps-réel par l’utilisation d’estimateurs de position (filtres de Kalman et particulaire). Finalement, des tâches microrobotiques automatisées de micro-préhension, de transport et de positionnement de microobjets sphériques de 8 μm de diamètre placés sous faisceau de lumière laser ont été réalisées avec succès. Le « benchmark » proposé est en cours de transfert au sein du European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) à Grenoble pour validation sous faisceau de rayons X. / We present in this thesis the various stages in the design of a microrobotics platform dedicated to the manipulation of micro/nano objects in a synchrotron environment. It is composed of dual micro/nano manipulators in order to handle and to maintain a micro/nano-sample through the focus of a X-ray or laser beam for material characterization and analysis. The main idea is to control and to drive in a robust way the micro/nanomanipulators by focusing the beam on the center part of the handled micro-object. A microgripper based on two Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tips with integrated piezoresistive force sensors is proposed. First, the dual manipulators are controlled cooperatively by combining the different actuator dynamics to track a laser beam with nanometer precision. A robust control strategy based on H∞ control ensures a robust microhandling task under the focus of the laser beam whatever the external perturbations involved and parametric model uncertainties. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach is used to compute the parameter weighting functions in to obtain an optimal H∞ controller. Then, we propose to compensate the laser beam variations (thermal drift, mechanical variations) by estimating the position of the laser beam using stochastic estimators (Kalman and particle filters). To this aim, the maximum intensity of the laser beam is measured and tracked in real-time by a four-quadrant photodiode sensor. Finally, experimental results performed of micro-spheres (diameter: 8 μm) demonstrate the robustness of the robotic microhandling tasks using the proposed control scheme strategy.

A pesquisa identifica a presença multiplataforma de 13 revistas nacionais e avalia de que for-ma os elementos e recursos de design editorial se articulam na construção da identidade edito-rial dos títulos nas diferentes plataformas de publicação. A investigação é de cunho explorató-rio, de abordagem qualitativa, e adota como procedimentos metodológicos a revisão biblio-gráfica, a pesquisa documental e a análise dos elementos de design. Mapeia-se as edições em circulação no dia 20 de novembro de 2015 (impressa, tablet, desktop site e mobile site) de Veja, Caras, Época, IstoÉ, Tititi, Contigo!, Superinteressante, Quatro Rodas, AnaMaria, Mi-nha Novela, Viva! Mais, Claudia e Recreio, selecionadas dentre as 15 mais lidas do ranking do Mídia Dados Brasil 2015. Com base nos dados levantados, na segunda etapa analisa-se em profundidade Veja, Superinteressante e Claudia, títulos com presença multiplataforma signi-ficativa (forte). De modo geral, observa-se uma presença bastante inconsistente dos 13 títulos nas diferentes plataformas. Naqueles analisados em profundidade, tem-se uma relação muito estreita entre as edições impressa e para iPad, tanto em termos de identidade visual quanto no que diz respeito às características do meio revista (periodicidade, segmentação, relação com o leitor); os sites desktop e mobile, mesmo com maior apropriação de recursos ciberjornalísti-cos, apresentaram a subutilização de elementos do projeto gráfico no reforço da identidade, bem como dinâmicas de publicação próprias da web, desvinculadas das especificidades que caracterizam as revistas. A pesquisa aponta que, apesar da presença multiplataforma – em maior ou menor grau – dos 13 títulos, a experiência associada a cada um deles ainda está sig-nificativamente ligada à sua respectiva edição impressa. / The research identifies the multi-platform presence of 13 brazilian magazines and evaluates how the elements and features of editorial design are employed in the construction of editorial identity of these titles in the various publishing platforms. The research is exploratory, with a qualitative approach, and adopts as methodological procedures a literature review, a docu-mentary research and an analysis of the design elements. At first, it sorts the multi-platform presence of Veja, Caras, Época, IstoÉ, Tititi, Contigo!, Superinteressante, Quatro Rodas, AnaMaria, Minha Novela, Viva! Mais, Claudia e Recreio magazines, in four publishing plat-forms (print, tablet, desktop site and mobile site), considering the current issues on the No-vember 20th, 2015. Those magazines were selected among the top 15 most read in the Mídia Dados Brasil 2015 report. Based on the collected data, the second stage consists in an in-depth analysis of Veja, Superinteressante and Claudia magazines, publications with significant (strong) multi-platform presence. By and large, the study finds out an inconsistent presence of the 13 magazines in the different platforms. The in-depth analysis points out a very close rela-tionship between printed and iPad editions, both in terms of visual identity and magazine characteristics (periodicity, segmentation an relationship with the reader). Desktop and mobile sites show a better integration of the cyberjournalistic features, but underutilize the graphic project elements in strengthening the identity; they present web publishing dynamics, discon-nected from magazine-style specificities. The research shows that, despite the multiplatform presence – to a greater or lesser extent – of the 13 titles, the experience associated with each one of them is still significantly linked to their respective printed edition.

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o comportamento de sistemas de pesagem em movimento baseados em plataformas comumente utilizadas no Brasil. Parâmetros relevantes nesse comportamento são modelados: rugosidade aleatória da pista, dinâmica vertical do veículo e sua velocidade, desnível entre a pista e plataforma e dinâmica da plataforma. Duas classes de veículos são simuladas trafegando a diferentes velocidades e sendo pesados utilizando uma proposta de modelo de plataforma rígida e uma proposta de plataforma flexível. As forças de reação do solo e históricos de aceleração em vários GDL são registrados a fim de obter a carga estática por eixo e os erros nas estimativas do peso para o modelo de plataforma rígida. Já para o modelo de plataforma flexível, as forças de reação servem de entrada no modelo de elemento finitos de viga Euler-Bernoulli com consideração da área de contato do pneu através de um trem de cargas. Conclusões relacionadas à redução da precisão do sistema com o aumento da velocidade do veículo são confirmadas, embora importantes conclusões não tão óbvias sobre a importância da dinâmica do veículo, do nível de rugosidade da pista, da altura do degrau pista-plataforma e da dinâmica da plataforma de pesagem são ressaltadas. / This work proposes a numerical study on the behavior of weigh-in-motion systems based on load platforms useful in Brazil. Some important parameters that may control this behavior that are modeled are random road roughness, vehicle vertical dynamics, vehicle speed, load platform step’s height to the road and platform dynamics. Two vehicles types are modelled travelling at different speeds and being weighted using a rigid platform proposal and another proposal with a flexible platform. Ground reaction force and acceleration time history on several degree-of-freedom are recorded in order to obtain the static load per axis and the corresponding estimated errors for the rigid platform model. For the flexible platform model, the reaction forces serve as inputs into the Euler-Bernoulli finite element model with consideration of the contact area of the tire by train of loads. Some usual conclusions related to the reduction in the accuracy of the measuring system with increased vehicle speed are confirmed in the numerical study, although important conclusions not so obvious concerning the importance of road roughness, vehicle vertical dynamics, and vehicle speed, load platform step’s height to the road and platform dynamics are highlighted.

A tecnologia, na sua evolução e transformação, influencia novos desdobramentos da técnica, dos processos e de aplicações, não somente na indústria, mas, também, em processos sociais e culturais. Salienta-se o uso de Tecnologia de Informação e Comunicação na Educação, Engenharia e de modelos da Computação Afetiva como recurso de ação mediadora para promoção do ser humano social. Neste contexto, a presente Tese desenvolveu, à luz da Teoria Sócio-Histórica, uma Plataforma Educacional Assistiva capaz de possibilitar a promoção do estado afetivo de interesse em crianças com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. O TEA leva a uma condição de déficit no desenvolvimento, em escala de manifestação, nos domínios comportamental, comunicativo e ou cognitivo. O déficit de “atenção conjunta”, de reciprocidade emocional, de interesse, e prejuízo qualitativo na comunicação verbal e não verbal são características mencionadas largamente na literatura. Para “compensar” esse gap, o professor (assim como pais e terapeutas) precisa enfrentar o desafio de projetar estratégias de interação que possam promover cenas de atenção conjunta. Além disso, segundo dados do censo de educação básica de 2015, das quase 8 milhões de matrículas na Educação Infantil, cerca de 900 mil são para Educação Especial, sendo 700 mil no Ensino Fundamental e o preocupante afunilamento para 30 mil no 1º ano do Ensino Médio. Esses números reafirmam a importância da inclusão social e acredita-se que este decréscimo esteja relacionado à necessidade de um apoio tecnológico contextualizado nas atividades comunicativas e de atenção conjunta A metodologia de pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa, e utilizou o método de estudo de caso, de múltiplos casos. A atividade educativa foi desenvolvida por meio da contação de história infantil e uso de recurso tecnológico, dispositivo robótico, de ação mediadora, denominado de Fantoche Eletrônico, especialmente projetado para esta investigação. A práxis teve como base sociocognitiva as três etapas de intenção comunicativa da aquisição da linguagem proposta por Tomasello e de indicadores para a análise do estado afetivo de interesse. Os dados foram coletados por meio de instrumentos de entrevistas e observação sob a contação de quatro histórias infantil para quatro estudantes com autismo do 7º e 8º anos do ensino fundamental, totalizando 16 casos. Os resultados demonstraram que o uso do Fantoche Eletrônico promoveu mais de 80% de cenas de atenção conjunta, e um aumento, de três casos positivos com fantoche não eletrônico para quase 10 com o Fantoche Eletrônico, representado um ganho de mais de 200%. Além disso, 83% dos casos apresentaram indicativo positivo de estado afetivo de interesse. A Plataforma Educacional Assistiva foi denominada de Asistranto, assistência em Esperanto, e se mostrou adequada para o desenvolvimento de diferentes atividades acadêmicas com o objetivo de incluir estudantes com autismo em espaços escolares. / Technology, in its evolution and transformation, influences new developments in the techniques, processes and applications, not only in industry, but also in social and cultural processes. The use of Information Technology and Communication in Education, Engineering and Affective Computing models as a resource of mediating action to promote the social human being. In this context, the present developed, in the light of Socio-Historical Theory, an Assistive Educational Platform capable of to promote the affective state of interest in children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder(ASD) of the initial years of Elementary School. The ASD leads to a condition of development, demonstration scale, behavioral, communicative and or cognitive. The deficit of "joint attention", emotional reciprocity, of interest, and qualitative impairment in verbal and non-verbal communication verbal characteristics are widely mentioned in the literature. To "compensate" this gap, the teacher (as well as parents and therapists) must face the challenge of designing interaction strategies that can promote scenes of joint attention. Besides that, according to data from the 2015 basic education census, of the almost 8 million enrollments in the Education, about 900 thousand are for Special Education, of which 700 thousand are Elementary School and the worrying bottleneck for 30 thousand in the first year of high school. Those reaffirm the importance of social inclusion and it is believed that this related to the need for technological support contextualized in the activities communicative and joint attention. The research methodology is qualitative in nature, and used multiple cases study technique The educational activity was developed through the account of children's history and the use of technological resources, device robotic, of mediating action, denominated of Electronic Puppet, specially designed for this research. The praxis was based on sociocognitive three stages of communicative intention of language acquisition proposed by Tomasello and of indicators for the analysis of the affective state of interest. The data were collected by medium of instruments of interviews and observation under the account of four children's stories for four students with autism in the 7th and 8th years of elementary school, totaling 16 cases. The results showed that the use of the Electronic Puppet promoted more than 80% of scenes of joint attention, and an increase, of three positive cases with non-electronic puppet for almost 10 with the Electronic Puppet, represented a gain of over 200%. In addition, 83% of the cases presented positive indicative affective status of interest. The Assistive Educational Platform was denominated Asistranto, assistance in Esperanto, and proved adequate for the development of different activities with the aim of including students with autism in school settings.

A realização de atividade física regular é uma intervenção não farmacológica com grandes benefícios para melhora da qualidade de vida, redução da morbidade e da mortalidade de disfunções cardiorrespiratórias, controle da síndrome metabólica (SM), bem como no manejo de portadores de distúrbios neurológicos como na paralisia cerebral (PC). Os exercícios de vibração de corpo inteiro (EVCI) são produzidos quando o indivíduo está em contato com a base de uma plataforma oscilante/vibratória (POV) ligada devido a efeitos de vibrações sinusoidais e deterministas produzidas por essas plataformas. Os EVCI têm sido utilizados por pessoas treinadas e não treinadas e no tratamento de pacientes com diferentes desordens clínicas. Efeitos biológicos como aumento da flexibilidade e da força muscular são relatados através da realização destes exercícios. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos das vibrações geradas em POV em pacientes com SM ou com PC. Em relação aos estudos com SM, foi realizada uma busca no banco de dados PubMed para a palavra-chave flexibilidade e sua relação com os EVCI, bem como um estudo de caso sobre o efeito dos EVCI na flexibilidade de paciente com SM. Em relação à investigação com PC, revisão sistemática foi realizada sobre os efeitos dos EVCI em portadores de PC através de pesquisas nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cinahl (Ebsco Host), PEDro, Science Direct and Scopus. Os resultados obtidos através do uso de protocolo de EVCI com baixa frequência (5 a 14 Hz) foi verificado aumento da flexibilidade anterior de tronco em paciente com SM e parece haver uma estabilização desta medida ao longo do protocolo proposto de onze sessões. Um importante número de publicações é encontrado no PubMed para a palavra-chave flexibilidade e os achados de nossa investigação revelam que há interesse em avaliar o efeito dos EVCI na flexibilidade dos indivíduos. Os efeitos pesquisados em pacientes com PC incluem fortalecimento muscular, redução da espasticidade, aumento na flexibilidade, aumento de densidade mineral óssea e melhora do controle postural. Em conclusão, a análise dos estudos apresentados permite sugerir que os EVCI podem ser uma modalidade de intervenção segura para portadores de SM, melhorando a flexibilidade anterior de tronco. Além disso, a revisão realizada mostra melhora da flexibilidade em vários grupos estudados. Para portadores de PC, foi verificado que os EVCI melhoram vários parâmetros clínicos de portadores, porém, como os protocolos não são descritos com detalhes, as evidências para uma definição de melhores parâmetros para esta população permanecem inconclusiva. / The regular physical activity is a non-pharmacological intervention with great benefits for improving quality of life, reduce morbidity and mortality of cardiopulmonary dysfunction and to control of metabolic syndrome (MS), and in the management of patients with neurological disorders such as in cerebral palsy (CP). The whole body vibration exercises (WBVE) are produced when the subject is in contact with the base of an oscillating/vibratory platform (OVP) due to sinusoidal and deterministic vibrations generated by these platforms. The WBVE have been used by people trained and untrained and in the treatment of patients with different clinical disorders. Biological effects such as increased flexibility and muscle strength are related to these WBVE. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vibrations generated in OVP in patients with MS or PC. In studies with MS, a search in PubMed database for the keyword "flexibility" and its relation to the WBVE was carried out, and a case study on the effect of the patient WBVE flexibility with MS. Regarding to the search involving PC, a systematic review was performed about the effect of WBVE in CP patients through the databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL (Ebsco Host), PEDro, Science Direct and Scopus. The results obtained from the WBVE protocol using low frequency (5 to 14 Hz) have shown to increase the anterior trunk flexibility in patients with MS, that is stabilized over the eleventh session. An important number of publications is found in PubMed for the keyword "flexibility" and the findings of our research show that there is interest in evaluating the effect of WBVE in the flexibility of subjects. The effects reported in patients with CP include muscle strengthening, reducing spasticity, increased flexibility, increased bone mineral density and improves postural control. In conclusion, the analysis of different studies suggest that WBVE can be an intervention modality for patients with MS, improving anterior trunk flexibility. Furthermore, the review carried shows improved flexibility in several groups searched in the revision. For CP patients, it was found that WBVE improve various clinical parameters of patients, however, as the protocols are not described in detail, the evidence for a definition of best parameters for this population remain inconclusive.