Darbe pristatomas daugtaškio vartojimas grožiniuose tekstuose. Kadangi skyrybos intonacinis-pauzinis ir prasmės principai vis labiau akcentuojami, tiriama daugtaškio įtaka teksto emociniam ir ekspresiniam atspalviui, intonacijai, prasminiams akcentams, raiškos gyvumui. Tiriamąją medžiagą sudaro pavyzdžiai su 1876 daugtaškiais, pavartotais neoromantizmo atstovės Šatrijos Raganos apysakų rinkinyje „Sename dvare“ ir postmodernistų Renatos Šerelytės romane „Vardas tamsoje“ ir Mariaus Ivaškevičiaus romane „Žali“. Autoriai pasirinkti siekiant palyginti rašymo laikotarpiams (juos skiria šimtmetis), tekstų tipams, pasirinktos literatūros krypčiai būdingą autorinę skyrybą. Teorinės žinios apie daugtaškį lyginamos su realia ženklo vartosena, aiškinamasi, kokias funkcijas tiriamuose tekstuose jis atlieka, aptariami galimi daugtaškio sinonimai. Nemažai dėmesio skiriama vartojimo dažnumo tyrimui statistiniu metodu. / This Master’s thesis presents the use of suspension points in the imaginative texts. As the intonation pause and meaning principles of punctuation are more and more emphasized, the influence of suspension points has been analyzed from the point of the emotional and expressive shade, intonation, meaningful focus, vividness of expression. The research material consists of 1876 examples of suspension points used in the collection of stories “In an Old Manor” by Satrijos Ragana and in the novels of post-modern writers: “The Name in the Darkness” by Renata Serelyte and the novel “The Greens” by Marius Ivaskevicius. The authors have been chosen aiming to compare the authors’ punctuation characteristic to the writing periods (the difference between them is one hundred years), types of the texts, and the chosen trend in literature. The theoretical knowledge about the suspension points have been compared with the real use of the punctuation mark, it has been targeted to ascertain what are the functions of this punctuation mark in the analyzed texts, the possible synonyms of suspension points have been discussed in the thesis. Great attention has been paid to the analysis of the usage frequency applying statistical method.

L'Aide Multicritère à la Décision (AMCD) vise à aider un décideur (DM) confronté à un problème de décision impliquant plusieurs objectifs contradictoires. Les préférences du DM jouent un rôle important au sein du processus d'aide à la décision, puisque les recommandations ne sont pertinentes et acceptables que si le système de valeurs du DM est pris en considération. Un outil d'élicitation des préférences est donc nécessaire pour aider l'analyste à intégrer les préférences du DM de façon appropriée dans les modèles de décision. Nous sommes intéressés par le développement d'outils d'élicitation des préférences pour deux modèles d'agrégation basés sur des points de référence à savoir Electre Tri et une méthode de Rangement basé sur des Points de Référence multiples (RPM). Tout d'abord, nous considérons Electre Tri en utilisant la règle d'affectation optimiste. Nous proposons un outil d'élicitation des préférences, qui infère les paramètres de préférence de ce modèle à partir d'exemples d'affectation du DM, et analyse également la robustesse des affectations résultant de la nature imprécise de l'information préférentiel. En second lieu, un outil d'élicitation des préférences est développé pour le problème de sélection de portefeuille formulée comme des problèmes de tri contraint en utilisant Electre Tri. Les préférences du DM à la fois au niveau individuel et au niveau du portefeuille sont considérés pour infère le modèle Electre Tri. Le modèle élicité évalue intrinsèquement les individus et sélectionne simultanément un portefeuille satisfaisant comme un groupe. Troisièmement, nous nous intéressons à l'élicitation des préférences pour le modèle RPM, qui détermine un pré-ordre comparant des alternatives avec des points de référence. Nous proposons un outil qui infère un modèle RPM parcimonieux à partir de comparaisons par paires du DM. Enfin, trois web services implémentent des outils d'élicitation des préférences pour Electre Tri et ont été intégrées au logiciel de Decision Deck. Les outils d'élicitation des préférences proposés consistent en des algorithmes qui résolvent des programmes linéaires en nombres mixtes. Des expériences numériques approfondies ont été réalisées pour étudier la performance et le comportement des outils d'élicitation proposées. Ces expériences éclairent sur l'applicabilité pratique de ces outils. De plus, les outils ont été appliqués avec succès à trois cas.

Points-to analysis is a static program analysis that computes reference informationfor a given input program. It serves as input to many client applicationsin optimizing compilers and software engineering tools. Unfortunately, the Gold Standard – i.e., the exact reference information for a given program– is impossible to compute automatically for all but trivial cases, and thus, little can been said about the accuracy of points-to analysis. This thesis aims at paving the way towards a Gold Standard for points-to analysis. For this, we discuss theoretical implications and practical challenges that occur when comparing results obtained by different points-to analyses. We also show ways to improve points-to analysis by different means, e.g., combining different analysis implementations, and a novel approach to path sensitivity. We support our theories with a number of experiments.

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A dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Masters Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban Institute of Technology, 2006. / Myofascial pain syndrome is the second most common reason patients seek the help of health care workers. It costs billions of dollars each year in lost revenue due to loss of productivity and other costs. The treatment of myofascial pain syndrome has been extensively researched and it appears that dry needling and medicinal injections of trigger points are some of the most effective modalities. However, an unwanted side effect common to both these therapies is post-needling soreness. Despite being mentioned in passing by many authors, very little detail is available regarding post-needling soreness. It is unclear whether post-needling soreness arises from the trigger point itself, or whether the tissue damage caused by the needle insertion is responsible. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating whether dry needling muscle tissue in asymptomatic subjects (i.e. subjects not suffering from myofascial pain syndrome) resulted in post-needling soreness. Two different dry needling techniques were also compared with a placebo group in order to determine which technique resulted in the least post-needling soreness. This study was designed as a prospective, randomised, placebo controlled experimental investigation. Sixty subjects were randomly allocated into three equal groups. Group one received the single needle insertion technique and the second group received the fanning dry needling technique. The last group formed the control group and the subjects were treated using the Park Sham Device (placebo needles). All the subjects were between the ages of 18 and 50 and were required to be asymptomatic in the low back region. / M

The dissertation consists of a critical preface and a novel. The preface analyzes what it terms “polyvocal” novels, or novels employing multiple points of view, as well as “layered storytelling,” or layers of textuality within novels, such as stories within stories. Specifically, the first part of the preface discusses polyvocality in twenty-first century American novels, while the second part explores layered storytelling in novels responding to World War II or the terrorist attacks of 9/11. The preface analyzes the advantages and difficulties connected to these techniques, as well as their aptitude for reflecting the fractured, disconnected, and subjective nature of the narratives we construct to interpret traumatic experiences. It also acknowledges the necessity—despite its inherent limitations—of using language to engage with this fragmentation and cope with its challenges. The preface uses numerous novels as examples and case studies, and it also explores these concepts and techniques in relation to the process of writing the novel After the Planes. After the Planes depicts multiple generations of a family who utilize storytelling as a means to work through grief, hurt, misunderstanding, and loss—whether from interpersonal conflicts or from war. Against her father’s wishes, a young woman moves in with her nearly-unknown grandfather, struggling to understand the rifts in her family and how they have shaped her own identity. She reads a book sent to her by her father, which turns out to be his story of growing up in the years following World War II. The book was intercepted and emended by her grandfather, who inserts his own commentary throughout, complicating her father’s hopes of reconciliation. The novel moves between two main narratives, one set primarily in 1951 and the other in the days and weeks immediately prior to September 11, 2001.

Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited / A Halo orbit about a libration point of a restricted three-body system provides additional opportunities for surveillance, communication, and exploratory missions in lieu of the classical spacecraft orbit. Historically libration point missions have focused on Halo orbits and trajectories about the Sun-Earth System. This thesis will focus on libration point orbit solutions in the Earth-Moon system using the restricted three body equations of motion with three low-thrust control functions. These classical dynamics are used to design and optimize orbital trajectories about stable and unstable libration points of the Earth-Moon system using DIDO, a dynamic optimization software. The solutions for the optimized performance are based on a quadratic cost function. Specific constraints and bounds were placed on the potential solution set in order to ensure correct target trajectories. This approach revealed locally optimal solutions for orbits about a stable and unstable libration point. / Lieutenant, United States Navy

Dans ce travail nous étudions la complexité de certains fragments du mu-calcul selon deux points de vue: l’un syntaxique et l’autre topologique. Dans la première partie nous adoptons le point de vue syntaxique afin d'étudier le comportement du mu-calcul sur des classes restreintes de modèles. Parmi d'autres résultats, nous montrons en particulier que sur les modèles transitifs toute propriété définissable par une formule du mu-calcul est définissable par une formule sans alternance de points fixes. Pour ce qui concerne la perspective topologique, nous montrons d'abord que sur les modèles transitifs la logique modale correspond au fragment borélien du mu-calcul. Ensuite nous donnons une description effective des hiérarchies de Borel et de Wadge d'un sous-fragment sans alternance de cette logique sur les arbres binaires et vérifions que pour ce fragment les points de vue topologique et syntaxique coïncident. / In this work we study the complexity of some fragments of the modal mu-calculus from two points of view: the syntactical and the topological. In the first part of the dissertation we adopt the syntactical point of view in order to study the behavior of this formalism on some restricted classes of models. Among other results, we show that on transitive transition systems, every mu-formula is logically equivalent to an alternation free formula. For what concerns the topological point of view, we first prove that on transitive models, the modal logic is exactly the Borel fragment of the modal mu-calculus. Then we provide an effective description of the Borel and Wadge hierarchies of a sub-fragment of the alternation free fragment of the mu-calculus on binary trees. Finally we verify that for this fragment the syntactical point of view and topological point of view coincide.

The overall purpose of the study was to get a deeper understanding of the process of transition from preschool to compulsory school. According to the purpose the study three issues are the following: 1. How organized the reception to the compulsory school? 2. The motives are to host the compulsory school? 3. What consequences may mean the individual, group and organizational level? The background of the study highlights different factors that influence the transition between pre-school and compulsory school. Also included is a review of research on studies related to students experiences of being in compulsory school and wc alternative solutions which occurred out in the operations, which are relevant for the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight managers /principals and special educators. The result is divided into four themes. The result in part one includes enrollment processes for compulsory school. Part two describes the reasons for the receipt of compulsory school. The third part shows the impact on the individual group and organizational level. The fourth section deals with children and carers influence and participation. The discussion raised that since the new Education Act (Lgr 11) it is clear who belongs compulsory school and who do not. It requires a diversity of actors that work together to facilitate the transition process for children/ students.

I consider a model for the control of criminality in cities. The model was developed during my REU at UCLA. The model is a system of partial differential equations that simulates the behavior of criminals and where they may accumulate, hot spots. I have proved a prior bounds for the partial differential equations in both one-dimensional and higher dimensional case, which proves the attractiveness and density of criminals in the given area will not be unlimitedly high. In addition, I have found some local bifurcation points in the model.