A research project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MA Masters in Community-Based Counselling Psychology (Psychology) in the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 15/03/2017. / This research examines the interaction between beggars and motorists at traffic light intersections in Johannesburg CBD. Drawing on approximately 80hrs of video recorded interactions, the research primarily demonstrates the ways in which beggars and motorists produce embodied actions in the management of their asymmetrical socioeconomic positions, and more so the inequalities consequent of which. The phenomenon in question takes place in everyday settings constituted by mundane practices and embodied actions. As such, an ethnomethodologically oriented means towards gathering data served best suited to this research. A qualitative Conversation Analysis approach serves an apt technique for analysing the kind of fine-grained focus of the interactional phenomena observed (both verbal and non-verbal). The analysis has been rooted in the analytic framework of the greeting, request and offer adjacency pair types The progression of the analysis, as it unfolds, lends an eye to a particular sequence organization that appears to have crystalized, and further been reproduced in all of the beggar-motorist cases that have been examined here. The discussion turns towards unpacking some of the socio-structural implications of the embodied practices highlighted in the interaction of interest; particularly converging some of the ideas presented regarding the way in which the beggar-motorist interactional practices contribute to and maintain what can be seen as an institutionalized form of inequality. / XL2018

Student Number : 0008922X - MPH research report - Faculty of Health Sciences / The use of the mobile clinics for rendering health care services in South Africa is part of the services rendered according to the Primary Health Care Service Package that was officially published in 2001. Mobile clinics have been found to be instrumental in rendering of health care especially in the rural and semi- rural areas. In the majority of these areas, the mobile clinic is the only source of health care provision at community level. Lack of well developed infrastructure and poor roads contribute to inaccessibility of health care services in rural and semi-rural areas. Health programmes are often of poor quality or offer incomplete services. Factors such as lack of knowledge of available health care services, satisfaction with the quality and range of services provided, and unavailability of the mobile clinic service when there is a health need, can result in the mobile health care clinic being less utilized. The purpose of the study was to address the following question: What are mobile clinic users’ opinions on health care service provision in the Muldersdrift area Gauteng Province? To answer the question three research objectives were formulated. These were to: describe the mobile clinic users’ level of service utilization, to assess their level of knowledge of available health care services and to determine their level of satisfaction with the services provided. To achieve the study objectives, an exploratory, descriptive survey was used as the research design. Three sampling techniques were used in this study. Cluster sampling was used for developing sampling framework for the 35 mobile points. Stratified sampling used to stratification of the mobile points. A non- probability convenience sampling was then used for final selection of the nine mobile clinic points and for selection of a sample size of 94 mobile clinic users’ to be included in the study. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package 7.0. The results show that the mobile clinic service was optimally utilized, 59% had used the service more than thrice within a period of six months. The majority of participants (89.3%) had knowledge of all the services being offered on the mobile clinic. Very few respondents (19.5%) were aware of the availability of HIV and AIDS counseling and testing on the mobile clinic. All most all the respondents (98.9%) were satisfied the range of services offered on the mobile clinic. Almost half (48.9%) were not satisfied with the service being offered once a month, (4.4%) with the attitude of the staff, (5.3%) with treatment of common ailments and (2%) said the mobile clinic service was bad.

O uso dos dados de posicionamento a partir do telefone celular tem impactado de maneira positiva os estudos sobre os deslocamentos humanos. O grande volume e a regularidade na obtenção dos dados são facilitadores das análises de posicionamento em múltiplos dias. Utilizando-os como fonte dos dados, o presente estudo focou em realizar uma análise dos deslocamentos cotidianos de moradores de assentamentos precários pela cidade de São Paulo em diferentes períodos do dia para definir origens e destinos com a finalidade de analisar as distâncias, os deslocamentos por transporte público e inferir um perfil de uso do solo nos locais de estadia frequente usando métodos utilizados em estudos internacionais de análise dos dados de telefonia móvel, combinados com métodos de análise espacial e geoprocessamento. Os resultados mostraram dados importantes para entender a mobilidade dos moradores de favela dentro da cidade de São Paulo, os quais, em média, estão mais distantes de casa no horário comercial dos dias úteis quando comparados com outros moradores da cidade. Foi possível observar mudanças nos perfis de uso do solo dos locais de estadia frequente que podem ser utilizados como indicadores na análise das atividades e também se inferiu possíveis trajetórias por transporte público entre as origens e destinos frequentes. Os métodos de análise de deslocamento humano a partir dos CDRs usados internacionalmente se mostraram totalmente adaptáveis para realidade brasileira e a utilização para análise de deslocamentos dos moradores de assentamentos precários mostrou-se útil para auxiliar nos estudos de mobilidade dessa população carente. / The use of position data from mobile phones have impacted in a positive way the researches about human mobility. The very large quantity and regularity on the way how this database is collected improve the capacity of a multi-day\'s positioning analyse. Using this data source, the present study was focus in analyse the commute of residents in poor settlements (like slums) inside the city of São Paulo- Brazil, in different time periods for define origins and destinations to analyse the distance using public transport and land use in frequents stay points using methods used in international studies of mobile data analysis, combined with spatial analysis methods. The results showed important data to understand the mobility of favela residents within the city of São Paulo, who, on average, are more distant from home during working day business hours when compared to other residents of the city. It was possible to observe changes in the land use profiles of the frequent places of stay that can be used as indicators in the analysis of activities and inferred possible trajectories by public transport between the frequent origins and destinations. The methods of analysis of human commute using CDR data were fully adaptable for Brazilian reality and the use for analysis of commute from residents of precarious settlements proved useful to assist in the mobility studies of this poor population.

Um dos maiores desafios da Astrofísica é tentar compreender a complexidade da composição química das estrelas. Elementos com massas atômicas acima de A>60 são formados pelos chamados processos de captura de nêutrons (processo-s e processo-r). A presença destes em espectros de estrelas de baixa massa (longo período de vida) e com pouco conteúdo metálico sugere episódios de enriquecimento por estrelas massivas nos primórdios da Galáxia. Portanto, o estudo das estrelas chamadas \"pobres em metais\" enriquecidas por elementos formados por captura de nêutrons pode reproduzir as condições físicas dominantes à época de sua formação. O objetivo deste trabalho é explorar os padrões de abundâncias das estrelas muito pobres em metais observadas no survey HERES. Através deste estudo, é possível inferir correlações entre elementos químicos e restringir a operação dos processos de captura de nêutrons na Galáxia. Para tanto, utiliza-se técnicas estatísticas como a análise de conglomerados, que permite o estudo da formação de grupos naturais baseado na relação entre as abundâncias elementais. Este estudo fornece uma análise compreensiva de uma amostra de 382 estrelas pobres em metais, além de introduzir duas novas subclasses para estrelas pobres em metais enriquecidas em elementos formados por captura de nêutrons. / One of the most challenging subjects of Astrophysics is trying to understand the complexity of the chemical composition of stellar objects. Spectroscopic observations are widely used nowadays in order to achieve these goals, as they provide the chemical composition of the atmosphere of the stars. Elements with atomic masses above A>60 are formed by the so called neutron capture processes (r-process and s-process). Its presence on low-mass star spectra (which have long life-time) and low metal content suggests episodes of enrichment by high-mass stars that took place in the early times in the Galaxy formation. Then, the study of those \"metal-poor\" stars enriched by neutron-capture elements may help reproduce the physical conditions of the environment from where they were formed. The main goal of this project is to explore the abundance patterns of the very metal-poor stars observed by the HERES survey. This study allows the analysis of the correlations between chemical elements and place some constraints on the operation of the neutron capture processes in the early Galaxy. This approach made use of statistical tools, such as agglomerative nesting, which can identify the formation of natural groups based on relations among elemental abundances. In this context, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of a 382 metal-poor stars sample, and introduces two new subclasses for metal-poor stars with determined abundances of neutron-capture elements.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T13:48:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA JOSE CARDOSO.pdf: 768659 bytes, checksum: 0246805567d2cef159025ef1c50e774b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-08-08 / The present research has as an objective to go further in the knowing of the liberating praxis of Jesus, based on two passages: Lc 4 14- 21 and Mt 9, 35-38. The Good News brought by Jesus consists mainly on the announcement of the kingdom of God here on earth, whose instauration happens in a special way, by inclusion/promotion of the poor and marginalized of society. In this context, can see that Jesus was profoundly moved by the Jewish spirituality centered on it Abba (Father), with whom he maintained bonds of intimate connection and harmony (verticality), as well as by the manifestation of pity and compassion for everyone that in any way or for any reason, found themselves on the margin of society (horizontality). Therefore, knowing the liberating praxis of Jesus, while having the gospels as a starting point, is a prior condition to the living of an authentic Christian spirituality today, which includes a special attention to the poor and marginalized, as well as the relativization of material assets in favor of the values of God s kingdom, which may give life in abundance. Thus, defend the premises that the start of an authentic Christian spirituality must be founded on the liberating praxis of Jesus which encompasses the connection with the transcendent as well as the relationship with people; this is how we really evidence the conquest of the values of God s kingdom taught by Jesus. / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo aprofundar o conhecimento acerca da práxis libertadora de Jesus a partir de duas perícopes: Lc 4,14-21 e Mt 9,35-38. A Boa Nova trazida por Jesus consiste principalmente no anúncio do Reino de Deus aqui na terra, cuja instauração acontece de modo especial por meio da inclusão/promoção dos pobres e marginalizados da sociedade. Nesse contexto, percebe-se que Jesus foi profundamente movido pela espiritualidade judaica, centrada no seu Abbá (Pai), com quem mantinha laços de íntima ligação e sintonia (verticalidade), bem como pela manifestação da misericórdia e compaixão (horizontalidade) para com todas as pessoas que de alguma forma ou por algum motivo encontravam-se à margem da sociedade. Portanto, conhecer a práxis libertadora de Jesus, tendo como ponto de partida os Evangelhos, torna-se prérequisito para a vivência de uma autêntica espiritualidade cristã hoje, o que inclui uma atenção especial para os pobres e marginalizados, bem como a relativização dos bens materiais em prol dos valores do Reino de Deus, que podem dar vida em abundância. Dessa forma, defende-se a premissa de que o despontar de uma autêntica espiritualidade cristã deve estar fundamentada na práxis libertadora de Jesus, que engloba tanto a ligação com o transcendente, como também a relacionalidade com as pessoas, lugar este, onde se evidencia realmente a concretude dos valores do Reino de Deus ensinados por Jesus.

Este é um trabalho sobre a ecopolítica internacional das mudanças climáticas. Ele trata dos conflitos de interesses entre os Estados no que diz respeito a questões ambientais mais especificamente, no que diz respeito às alterações do clima terrestre. Nas últimas décadas e séculos o ser humano tem alterado a composição da atmosfera, fazendo com que o sistema climático se aqueça e se modifique. Portanto cabe ao ser humano entender o problema, avaliar suas conseqüências e desenvolver medidas de resposta. Para auxiliar nesses esforços na esfera internacional foi criado o IPCC, Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudança do Clima. Sua função é dar as bases científicas necessárias para a tomada de decisões políticas que afetem o clima. Nesse sentido o IPCC está incumbido de tratar de questões relevantes para a política, sem no entanto interferir na tomada de decisões. Este estudo questiona justamente se o IPCC tem sido neutro como deveria ao expor os impactos das mudanças climáticas e ao apontar possíveis medidas de resposta. O recorte analítico selecionado para investigar essa questão é o Ecologismo dos Pobres, segundo o qual as sociedades humanas seriam marcadas pela desigualdade na distribuição dos benefícios e dos custos ambientais. Observando os relatórios do IPCC sob essa ótica foi possível encontrar indícios de que esse Painel talvez não seja tão neutro do ponto de vista político quanto afirma ser. Talvez ele não seja imune às disputas políticas entre os Estados. Como conseqüência o IPCC pode não ser a alternativa mais eficaz para responder às mudanças climáticas no âmbito internacional / This is a study about the international ecopolitics of climate change. It analyses the conflicts of interests among States concerning environmental questions more specifically, concerning changes in the planets climate. Over the last decades and centuries the human being has shifted the composition of the atmosphere, and the whole climatic system is being pushed to warming. For that reason human being is supposed to understand the problem, assess its consequences and develop answer measures. In the international arena the IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, was created to help in such efforts. The Panels function is to provide the political decisions concerning the climate with the necessary scientific basis. In that sense IPCC is meant to take into account policy relevant questions, but with a policy neutral perspective. This study inquires into IPCCs neutrality when it presents the climate change impacts and when it points out eventual answer measures. The analytical approach selected to investigate this question is the Environmentalism of the Poor. This approach argues that human societies distribute unequally the environmental benefits and costs. From this point of view, analyzing the IPCC reports brings evidence that the Panel may be not so policy neutral as it announces. Maybe it is not immune to political disputes among States. As a result IPCC may be not the most efficient alternative to respond to climate change.

BACKGROUND: Quality improvement (QI) efforts in which providers from various health facilities, with support from coaches, work together to implement innovations for improving health care are rapidly spreading from high-income settings to resource-poor settings. However, limited research exists regarding the factors which drive teams to succeed or fail, spread, and sustain best practices. The purpose of this study was to understand the factors facilitating or inhibiting the performance of QI teams of maternal and child health (MCH) service delivery in resource-poor settings. METHODS: A qualitative multi-site case study was conducted in northern Ghana to determine the views and beliefs of QI teams, coaches, and beneficiaries of Project Fives Alive (PFA) about the application of QI to MCH service delivery. Using key informant interviews, document review, and group interviews, the study elicited information about: 1) the factors that affect QI team success and failure when implementing QI methods designed to improve MCH service delivery; 2) the interplay of factors that facilitate or inhibit the spread of best practices among QI teams in northern Ghana; and 3) steps being taken by stakeholders to sustain these best practices. Grounded theory processes were used to identify themes from the data. RESULTS: Testing of changes using Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles and adoption of a client-centered model to the delivery of services has helped teams to identify the felt needs of clients, resulting in perceived increased uptake of MCH services. Key contributory factors to successes were: availability and accessibility of midwives, training of QI teams, incentive packages for providers and clients, community support groups, and PFA partners. Key challenges inhibiting success were: staff turnover, inadequate supervision, cultural practices, and inadequate infrastructure. Some of the key factors that shaped successes have dissipated, threatening sustainability of QI efforts two years after PFA ended. CONCLUSION: The presence of a midwife, providing leadership for organizing team members and implementing PDSA cycles, can facilitate success. Project staff support is important, but teams and coaches need space and time to drive the QI process independently and practice QI methods in ways that foster continuity beyond donor support.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-08-28T17:45:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 37e.pdf: 1961318 bytes, checksum: c2343b642ab5683a7d999d6bc73d3080 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-28T17:45:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 37e.pdf: 1961318 bytes, checksum: c2343b642ab5683a7d999d6bc73d3080 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Nenhuma / Sustentabilidade pressupõe o conceito de que o futuro das sociedades será influenciado pelas ações realizadas atualmente e refletirá as transformações ocorridas no tempo e espaço em prol dos princípios sociais, econômicos e ambientais. O consumo sustentável é um tema que tem se destacado tanto nas discussões internacionais entre governos e organizações como em pesquisas recentes, porém ainda apresenta carência de estudos que aprofundem a questão no entendimento do comportamento dos consumidores atuais (i.e. PROTHERO et al., 2010; SCHAFER e al., 2010; CONNOLLY e PROTHERO, 2003;). Da mesma forma, o grupo socioeconômico composto pelas classes populares também tem sido investigado em diversos aspectos devido a sua importância no crescimento e desenvolvimento das sociedades emergentes, como o Brasil tem vivenciado nos últimos anos. O presente estudo tem por objetivo cruzar estes temas, analisando o consumo sustentável dos consumidores de classes populares e buscando interpretar suas práticas cotidianas e seus significados para os consumidores dentro deste contexto social. A partir de um estudo qualitativo interpretativista, cinco comunidades brasileiras da cidade de Porto Alegre e região metropolitana foram visitadas e vivenciadas para a obtenção de resultados. As evidências permitiram refletir sobre as práticas de consumo exercidas e seus níveis de sustentabilidade, preenchendo, assim, uma das lacunas de pesquisa sugeridas por estudos anteriores. Nas visitas às comunidades o estudo combinou entrevistas em profundidade com pesquisa observatória participante, e os resultados surpreenderam apontando que muitas das práticas de consumo cotidianas manifestadas nesse ambiente socioeconômico são sustentáveis e criativas. Ainda assim, os consumidores pesquisados manifestaram algumas práticas não sustentáveis que refletiram hábitos específicos. Todas as práticas encontradas foram interpretadas à luz de um sólido embasamento teórico que permitiu a reflexão e algumas conexões a partir de estudos anteriores. Convida-se o leitor a mergulhar na descrição e interpretação dos hábitos cotidianos de consumo, sustentáveis ou não, investigados no contexto social das classes populares estudadas. / Sustainability implies the concept that the future of the global population will be influenced by the actions currently undertaken and that it reflects the transformation occurring in time and space towards the social, economic and environmental principles. Sustainable consumption is a theme that has been prominent in discussions between governments and international organizations as in recent researches, but still presents several opportunities to learn further investigation about the issue in the understanding of the behavior of today's consumers. Besides, the socio-economic group composed by the poor (popular) consumers have also been investigated in many aspects due to its importance in the growth and development of emerging countries, as Brazil has experienced the latest years. This research aims to cross these issues by analyzing both the sustainable consumption and the poor consumers, seeking to interpret their daily practices as their meanings to consumers within this social context. From an interpretive qualitative study, five Brazilian communities in the city of Porto Alegre and its metropolitan area were visited, investigates and experienced for obtaining results. Evidence allowed to reflect on the practices exercised within their levels of consumption and sustainability, thus fulfilling one of the research gaps suggested by previous studies. Through the visits, this study combined interviews with participant observatory research and surprisingly results showed that many of the everyday practices of consumption expressed in this socio-economic environment are sustainable and creative. Still, consumers surveyed also expressed some unsustainable practices that reflected specific habits. All practices found were interpreted by a solid theoretical foundation that allowed reflection and some connections from previous studies with present results. The reader is invited to soak in the description and interpretation of everyday consumption habits, sustainable or not, investigated at the social context of the popular classes of poor consumers studied.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leandro Carlos Pereira.pdf: 1139055 bytes, checksum: 8dd769a18887ca4232fee5a702190823 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-10 / The Theology of the cross has always had deep existing relationship between the Latin American people with Jesus Christ who suffered and died on the cross, pointing to the elements of a liberating christology of the cross. Because the sufferings of Christ crucified today in our poor, on our workers poorly paid, in malnourished children, helpless and sexually exploited, in young people disoriented and exploited by the drug trade and excluded from the field of education, of the working and opportunities, and the elderly that are discarded by the culture of utility by identifying them with the "junk" to be discarded. Our study seeks to identify the understanding of the cross in Latin American Christology from the crucified peoples of history, because would be useless and fruitless reflection on the cross of the historical Christ, if we do not look and point out to these crucified peoples which they pursue their pursuit towards Calvary in our dear and beloved Latin America characterized by the exploitation of the richest towards the poorest. However, if the cross is a symbol that leads out of the Church and religious yearning down into the communion with the crucified of history. In the reverse direction, it is a symbol that calls the oppressed and the impious for the Church, and through it, to communion with the crucified God who made himself God with us. Make present the cross in our culture means not accommodate this society to their idols and taboos, fears and fetishes, but in the name of him which in the past was sacrificed by religion, society and state, sympathizes with the current victims of religion, society and State, making himself as Jesus crucified, brother and liberating them / A Teologia da cruz sempre teve profunda relação existente entre o povo latino americano com Jesus Cristo que sofreu e morreu na cruz, apontando os elementos de uma cristologia libertadora da cruz. Pois, os sofrimentos do Cristo crucificado hoje nos nossos pobres, nossos operários mal assalariados, nas crianças subnutridas, desamparadas e exploradas sexualmente, nos jovens desnorteados e explorados pelo tráfico de drogas e excluídos do campo da educação, do trabalho e das oportunidades, e dos idosos que são descartados pela cultura do utilitário que os identifica com sucata a ser descartada. Nosso estudo procura identificar a compreensão da cruz na cristologia latino americana a partir dos povos crucificados da história, pois inútil e infrutuosa seria a reflexão sobre a cruz do Cristo histórico, se não olhássemos e apontássemos para estes povos crucificados que prosseguem sua caminhada rumo ao calvário, em nossa querida e amada América Latina marcada pela exploração dos mais ricos em relação aos mais pobres. No entanto, se a cruz é símbolo que conduz para fora da Igreja e do anelo religioso para dentro da comunhão com os crucificados da história. Em sentido reverso, ela é símbolo que chama os oprimidos e os ímpios para a Igreja, e por meio dela, para a comunhão com o Deus crucificado que se fez o Deus conosco. Tornar a cruz presente em nossa cultura significa não se acomodar nesta sociedade aos seus ídolos e tabus, temores e fetiches, mas em nome daquele que no passado foi sacrificado pela religião, sociedade e Estado, se solidariza com as vitimas atuais da religião, sociedade e Estado, fazendo-se, tal como Jesus crucificado, irmão e libertador delas

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adinael Carlos Miguel.pdf: 459130 bytes, checksum: dfed08cf8da240ea0f0ca6e06d580daa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-12 / In this research intends to focus on the importance of the Kingdom of God on Christology in Latin America, that is, we want to do work that discusses the context of Christology in Latin American reality, and the operation and structure of the Kingdom of God in Jesus, and the proposal presented by him, compared to the reality of our continent, however, to develop this research we report a Christology that reveals a historical Jesus, as from its history, we have knowledge of their mission, and analyze the situation of the poor of Latin America. Is portrayed the proposal of the Kingdom of God by Jesus, who were the recipients, so their preference for the excluded of his time. Conclude commenting on the Kingdom of God in view of Christology in Latin America, recalling the reality faced by this continent, and comparing to the situation of disadvantaged poor in Jesus' time / Nessa pesquisa pretende enfocar a importância do Reino de Deus na Cristologia da América Latina, ou seja, queremos realizar um trabalho que relata o contexto da Cristologia na realidade Latino-americana, e o funcionamento e estrutura do Reino de Deus na época de Jesus, e a proposta apresentada por Ele, comparando com a realidade do nosso continente atual. Entretanto, para desenvolver esta pesquisa iremos relatar uma Cristologia que revela um Jesus histórico, pois a partir da sua história, teremos conhecimento da sua missão, e analisar a situação dos pobres da América Latina. Será retratada a proposta de Reino de Deus apresentada por Jesus, quem eram seus destinatários, e por isso a sua preferência pelos excluídos da sua época. Concluiremos comentando sobre o Reino de Deus na perspectiva da Cristologia da América Latina, relembrando a realidade vivenciada por este continente, e comparando com a situação dos pobres desfavorecidos na época de Jesus