Depurar sistemas distribuídos continua uma tarefa difícil, mesmo após 30 anos de pesquisa intensa. Embora essa situação possa ser parcialmente atribuída à complexidade das execuções concorrentes, o rápido passo de desenvolvimento das plataformas e tecnologias para computação distribuída também carrega a sua parcela de culpa, por encurtar a vida de muitas ferramentas potencialmente úteis. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma análise dos principais problemas, técnicas e ferramentas ligados à depuração de sistemas concorrentes e discutidos na literatura. Baseados nessa análise, desenvolvemos e apresentamos uma nova técnica, simples e portátil, que pode ser aplicada a sistemas distribuídos que utilizam chamadas síncronas e bloqueantes. Essa técnica, concebida para sobreviver à heterogeneidade, é validada por meio da implementação de um arcabouço escrito para plataforma Eclipse e instanciado para sistemas de objetos distribuídos baseados em Java/CORBA. / After over thirty years of intense research, debugging distributed systems is still regarded as a difficult task. While this situation could be partially blamed on the fact that concurrent executions are complex, the fast pace of evolution witnessed with distributed computing technologies have also played its by shortening the lifespan of many potentially useful debugging tools. This work presents an analysis of the main issues, techniques and tools in the field of parallel, distributed, and concurrent debugging in general. Based on this analysis, we develop and present a simple and portable technique targeted at synchronous-call-based distributed systems. This technique, designed for portability, is validated through the implementation of an Eclipse-based framework that is instantiated for Java/CORBA distributed object systems.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:43:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carlos Eduardo Santos da Silva.pdf: 1973065 bytes, checksum: 3aecfaae737c8a04c02284e576de12e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-02 / With the objective of better understanding the cell phone as a device for cinematographic contents, or simply cine mobile, and in an attempt to get a glimpse of future possibilities for this new medium, this essay compares it with the origins of cinema, the very first actual steps of the illusion of movement, and more specifically with the Mutoscope. And this comparison is not limited to these two technological devices that are representative of two distinct historical periods. The products, a sequence of photograms in the mutoscope s case, and movies in the cell phone s case, and their contours, as well as the socio-cultural background of both ages, shall also be compared, in an attempt to find parallels and divergences between these two devices for moving pictures. In order to help understanding the scope of such possible parallels and divergences, as well as to shed light on the path of possibilities forcinema and mobile telephony, two experts were interviewed, each from a distinct area of expertise (one is a filmmaker, the other is a businessman in the telephony industry). Ultimately, the new questions that are asked are more important than the questions that are answered, for it is the former ones that will further fuel the debate. / Com o objetivo de entender melhor o telefone celular enquanto device de conteúdo cinematográfico, ou simplesmente cine mobile, na tentativa de vislumbrar possibilidades de futuro para este novo meio, esta dissertação compara-o com as origens do cinema, com os primeiros passos efetivos na ilusão do movimento, mais especificamente com o Mutoscópio. Essa comparação não se limita aos dois aparatos tecnológicos representantes desses dois períodos históricos tão distintos. Os produtos, sequência de fotogramas, no caso do mutoscópio, e filmes, no caso dos celulares, e seus contornos, os cenários socioculturais das duas épocas também serão confrontados numa tentativa de se encontrar paralelos e divergências entre esses dois devices de imagem em movimento. Para ajudar na compreensão da dimensão desses possíveis paralelos e divergências, bem como para iluminar o caminho de possibilidades envolvendo o cinema e o celular. Foram entrevistados dois especialistas, cada um em uma área distinta do conhecimento (uma cineasta e um empresário do setor de telefonia). No final, mais importante do que a perguntas respondidas são as novas perguntas que apareceram e que retroalimentarão a discussão.

Cloud computing has been given a great deal of attention during recent years. Almost all the technology market leaders and leading hosting service providers (like IBM, Microsoft and Verizon) have entered into the Cloud market as Cloud Providers. Cloud computing promises to provide highly available, secure, low cost, agile and highly scalable solution to the consumers. Scania is a global company and one of the world’s leading heavy vehicle manufacturers with 35,000+ employees. All the large organizations such as Scania, aim to constantly update themselves with the latest technology in order to meet their business requirements but, these organizations must always be convinced that there is a strong reason(s) to implement new technology. This research provides the method and criteria in relation to initiating Cloud computing. A number of Scania’s specific business requirements that it is possible to map to the Cloud are addressed in this thesis. The methodology of research is split in two parts. Firstly, the identification of business cases at Scania and their requirements with the Cloud and Secondly, the evaluation and comparison of the functionalities and capabilities of different vendors. The accumulated data is then compared and suitable vendors, according to those business requirements are suggested. This thesis also shares the experience of moving on premise applications to the Cloud. These are Scania specific applications which are currently being hosted in-house. The research also addresses the possibilities of portability between the Cloud providers. Although there is no standardization in relation to Cloud computing, some initiatives such as OpenStack are available and its current position and some application and data migration tools are also discussed. The thesis concludes with a general discussion, recommendations in relation to adapting Cloud computing and selecting the Cloud provider. This recommendation applies to every organization including Scania.

Aspect-oriented middleware is a promising technology for the realisation of dynamic reconfiguration in heterogeneous distributed systems. However, like other dynamic reconfiguration approaches, AO-middleware-based reconfiguration requires that the consistency of the system is maintained across reconfigurations. AO-middleware-based reconfiguration is an ongoing research topic and several consistency approaches have been proposed. However, most of these approaches tend to be targeted at specific contexts, whereas for distributed systems it is crucial to cover a wide range of operating conditions. In this paper we propose an approach that offers distributed, dynamic reconfiguration in a consistent manner, and features a flexible framework-based consistency management approach to cover a wide range of operating conditions. We evaluate our approach by investigating the configurability and transparency of our approach and also quantify the performance overheads of the associated consistency mechanisms.

近年來國際間電信市場上，由於電信自由化風潮的影響，促進電信市場競爭和保障消費者用戶的相關規定和政策陸續制定出現。號碼可攜服務隨著電信市場的逐漸成熟與開放新進業者的加入等，其實施的迫切性和需求性則越來越重要。另一方面，韓國和台灣兩國皆有相同的共識，先後推動實施所謂的行動電話號碼可攜 (Mobile Number Portability)服務，讓民眾在更換不同行動電話業者服務時，仍能夠保有使用原號碼之權利和便利性。 本論文的研究目的：(一)是想以較台灣先實施行動電話號碼可攜服務的韓國為主要的研究比較個案國家，瞭解韓國電信主管機關的政策制定過程、探討行動通信市場現況、消費者用戶的需求與行動通信業者的回應與市場策略；(二)再輔以參考其他已實施國家經驗中的成功與失敗的因素，與台灣的相關政策、業者策略和消費者用戶的態度等，做綜合性的對照和分析比較，提供台灣在未來實施過程中的建議。 主要的研究方法為文獻分析法與深度訪談法。並且針對「政府相關部門的政策制定」、「消費者用戶的需求」和「行動通信業者之因應策略」，以及「政策實施後所造成的影響」四大問題面向進行探討和分析。 研究分析結果整理發現，韓國和台灣在先後實施行動電話號碼可攜服務之後，的確增加消費者用戶選擇業者的權利，和促進行動通信市場上各家業者的競爭和發展。行動通信業者為了鞏固既有用戶基礎和吸引別家用戶上門，無不提供更多樣的費率包裝和增加服務內容。 研究建議台灣目前已實施之行動電話號碼可攜服務，應該：(一)縮短申請攜碼移轉作業的時程；(二) 加強維護消費者用戶的權益措施；(三) 健全新舊業者之公平競爭機制。 / In recent years, because of the influence from telecommunication liberalization in the international telecommunication market, there are many policies of improving competition in the telecommunication market and protecting consumers are made one after another. Along with that the telecommunication market becomes gradually mature and new operators join competition, the implementation of the number portability service is getting more and more important. On the other hand, South Korea and Taiwan both implemented the so-called "Mobile Number Portability Service", allowing mobile subscribers to switch service operators while retaining the same mobile phone number. The purpose of this research is: (1) to try to make a comparative study of Mobile Number Portability Service between Taiwan and South Korea. (2) And it will also give some useful suggestions to improve the implementation of Mobile Number Portability Service in Taiwan, by learning experiences from other countries which have implemented Mobile Number Portability Service. Using literature review method and deep-in interview method, this research discusses and analyzes four major research questions: "the government’s policies", "the subscribers’ demands", "the operators’ strategies" and "the influence from implementing Mobility Number Portability Service". This research finds out that, after implementation of Mobile Number Portability Service in South Korea and Taiwan, it indeed provides more freedom for subscribers to select service operators and stimulates the competition and development in the telecommunication market. Besides, every service operator provides more tariff packages to consolidate old subscribers and attracts new subscribers form other service operators. This research suggests the implementation of Mobile Number Portability Service in Taiwan should: (1) reduce the time of application for Mobile Number Portability Service; (2) strengthen the measure of maintaining subscribers’ interests; (3) create a fair competition mechanism.

I dagsläget har en individ väldigt lite kontroll över den persondata som samlas in och hur den används och vem som hanterar den. Detta vill EU ändra på med den nya dataskyddsförordningen General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) som träder i kraft nästa år. De nya reglerna innefattar en större kontroll för individen över den data som har samlats av företag. Förordningen tvingar företag att strukturera om sina system så de är förenliga med GDPR. Då höga bötesbelopp kan drabba de företag som inte följer reglerna blir alla de som hanterar personuppgifter tvungna att se över sina processer över hanteringen. Uppsatsen har som syfte att undersöka hur väl förberedda svenska medelstora till stora företag är ett år innan införandet av GDPR och hur de arbetar med förändringarna ur ett tekniskt perspektiv, ett organisatoriskt perspektiv samt ur ett juridiskt perspektiv. Med ett teoretiskt fundament som grund genomfördes intervjuer på tre olika företag som hanterar personuppgifter i sina system, både som personuppgiftsansvariga och som personuppgiftsbiträden. Resultatet av studien användes för att designa en utvärderingsmodell som företag kan använda ett år efter införandet av GDPR. Utvärderingen kommer att skapa en överblick på hur väl övergången har gått och om det finns några områden som behöver ytterligare arbete. De slutsatser som drogs var att det fanns en del frågetecken gällande hur de tekniska lösningarna skulle se ut för att vara i linje med GDPR, de juridiska frågorna hanterades till stor del med hjälp av biträdesavtal mellan personuppgiftsansvariga, personuppgiftsbiträden och tredje part. Ur ett organisatoriskt perspektiv var det utbildning av personal och kunskap om GDPR och de ändringar i arbetssätt som detta medför. / At present an individual has very little control over the personal data collected, how it is used and who manages it. This is something the EU wants to change with the new General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which will come into force next year. The new regulation includes greater control for the individual regarding the data collected by companies. The Regulation forces companies to restructure their systems so that they are compliant with GDPR. Since high sanctions may affect those companies that do not comply with the rules, all those who handle personal data will have to review the processes that relate to the handling of personal data. The aim of this thesis is to investigate how well prepared Swedish medium to large sized companies are one year before the introduction of GDPR. The thesis focuses on how companies work with the changes from a technical perspective, an organizational perspective and from a legal perspective. With a theoretical foundation as a basis, interviews were conducted on three different companies that handle personal data, both as data controller and as data processor. The result of the study was used to design an evaluation model that companies can use one year after the introduction of GDPR. The evaluation will provide an overview of how well the transition has been and if there are any areas that need further work. There were some uncertainties regarding how the technical solutions would need to be designed and implemented to help the company being compliant with GDPR. The legal issues were largely handled through processing agreements between data controllers, data processors and third parties. The organizational perspective meant training of staff and questions regarding how to raise awareness about GDPR and the changes in working practices.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5466.pdf: 2178593 bytes, checksum: a3777aeb3757d619d7087258728cdde6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-20 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Cloud Computing has potential to revolutionize way that systems are developed and marketed. Among several research gaps related to this new model is the Lock-In. The Lock-In is the difficulty on migrating data and applications from a cloud platform to another. The lack of standardization, as well as other reasons, are causing the problem. This work presents a model-driven(MDE) approach for portability of applications between cloud platforms. With MDE software engineers can work at a high level of abstraction freeing themselves from repetitive tasks related to software implementation and specific details of cloud platforms. Besides portability, MDE brings additional benefits related to traditional software development approaches. The approach presented in this work, basically consists of a DSL and a set of automated transformations for two known cloud platforms Google App Engine and Microsoft Azure. The approach allows the development of cloud applications on a high abstraction level, showing that despite being simple, the elements of the approach are enough to generate many cloud applications, as well as facilitates its development. The evaluation confirms the benefits provided by MDE technologies. / A computação em nuvem tem potencial para revolucionar a maneira como sistemas são desenvolvidos e comercializados. Entre as diversas lacunas de pesquisa relacionados a esse novo modelo computacional está o Lock-In. Isto é, o aprisionamento do usuário ao provedor devido a dificuldade na migração de dados e aplicativos de uma plataforma de nuvem para outra. Tal aprisionamento ocorre, dentre outros motivos, devido a falta de um padrão para desenvolvimento de aplicações para a nuvem. Este trabalho apresenta uma abordagem dirigida por modelos (Model-Driven Engineering - MDE) para portabilidade de aplicações entre plataformas de Computação em nuvem. Com o MDE os engenheiros de software podem trabalhar em um nivel mais alto de abstração livrando-se de tarefas repetitivas de codificação, que ficam a cargo de transformações automatizadas, e ficando assim protegidos das complexidades requeridas para implementação nas diferentes plataformas. Além da portabilidade o MDE traz benefícios adicionais em relação a abordagens tradicionais de desenvolvimento de sistemas. Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de uma linguagem textual que possibilita a especificação de aplicações em um alto nível de abstração. Bem como geradores de código para duas conhecidas plataforma de nuvem, a Google App Engine(GAE) e a Windows Azure, mostrando que a linguagem desenvolvida pode servir de entrada para a geração de grande parte do código necessário para muitas aplicações de nuvem e que facilita seu desenvolvimento. O MDE oferece uma maior produtividade, melhor manutenção e documentação e reúso. A avaliação realizada observou alguns desses benefícios, o que comprova a viabilidade da abordagem MDE.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-05-03T13:34:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3707373 bytes, checksum: bd34d34553cf7afe6f47457ea76d0a05 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-03T13:34:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3707373 bytes, checksum: bd34d34553cf7afe6f47457ea76d0a05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-06 / Commercial flame photometers require a dedicated gas system and have considerable mass and volume, i. e., they are not portable. This work, as such, proposes the development of a portable flame photometer (prototype) using a torch lighter as the atomizer and controller, with an internal gas supply system, and managed by an Android mobile device. The internal control of prototype and the signal processing were performed by an Arduino Uno single-board microcontroller. The Android application was developed in App Inventor, an open source integrated development environment created and maintained by Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The nebulization was accomplished by ultrasonic cavitation in an adapted low power humidifier, which produces an aerosol sample which consists of very small radii droplets. The initiallyturbulent aerosol flow, needed to be damped before it reached the flame. Initial testswith calibration solutions of K+ resulted in a calibration curve validated using analysis of variance, the limits of detection and quantification were estimated. Optimizations still need to be made in the nebulization and aerosol transport system to improve theefficiency and to minimize inter-contamination of samples during the measurements. / Os fotômetros de chama comerciais necessitam de um sistema de gases dedicado e possuem massa e volume consideráveis, ou seja, não são portáteis. O presente trabalho, diante do exposto, propõe-se a mostrar o desenvolvimento de um protótipo de fotômetro de chama portátil pelo uso de um isqueiro maçarico como atomizador, com sistema de alimentação de gases interno e gerenciado por um dispositivo móvel Android. O controle interno do protótipo bem como o processamento de sinal foram realizados por um Arduino Uno. Um aplicativo para o dispositivo móvel foi desenvolvido no App Inventor, ambiente de programação criado e mantido pelo Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts. A nebulização se deu por cavitação ultrassônica em um humidificador de baixa potência o qual produz um aerossol de amostra constituído por gotículas de raio muito pequeno. O fluxo de aerossol inicialmente turbulento precisou ser amortecido antes de sua introdução no queimador. Testes iniciais com soluções de calibração de K+ resultaram numa curva analítica validada utilizando-se a Análise de Variância e os limites de detecção e de quantificação foram determinados. No entanto otimizações ainda precisam ser feitas no sistema de nebulização e transporte de aerossol para a melhoria de sua eficiência e para a minimização de intercontaminação de amostras durante as medidas.

In this thesis we will identify which are the desired features and functionalities for implementing a system capable of acting as an information bridge for content available in the “wired” Internet to be delivered to mobile devices. We will also explore how to design and build such a system based on the specifications within parts of the MUSIS project. The MUSIS’ system development is used as a base of the work described in this thesis and the experiences from those efforts are used in order to design a system with more focus on data portability and media migration. During the development of the MUSIS platform, problems related to system upgrading, i.e. adding new ad-hoc functionalities were discovered. Due to the fact that a user-centred design approach was taken, this was essential in the project. To solve some of these issues, we propose a new component-based system with a high level of scalability and re-usability. We name this system Collect, Convert and Send, CCS. The system shall be seen as a base that can be used as a core system for different projects where interoperability of content between different platforms, devices or systems is important. The implementation of the system is based on the use cases and those theoretical aspects and ideas related to component software, interoperability, media migration and metadata in a Web service context. The results of our efforts give some indications that the use of component software gives a foundation for a service-oriented architecture.

This project describes a concept of a library architecture that will enable to hide platform-specific behaviour of different MCUs under an united API that will enable the developers to develop portable applications. After a short summary of the current situation, the report describes the main principles of the library-to-be followed by definitions of behaviour of each module that can be controlled using the library. Then this report describes techniques used in the implementation and platform specifics. In the conclusion there is an idea of the direction in which the development could continue.