O presente trabalho propõe a execução de ensaios de medição do número de swirl em bancada de fluxo em regime permanente, com a utilização de um dispositivo modular e dutos de admissão do cabeçote de um motor diesel produzidos via prototipagem rápida (PR). A medição do número de swirl com dutos produzidos via PR, traz como principais vantagens: reprodutibilidade dos ensaios, facilidade de simular e mensurar o número de swirl dos potenciais desvios no processo de fundição ou usinagem, além da redução no tempo para o desenvolvimento de novas geometrias dos dutos de admissão. O trabalho é experimental e uma unidade do cabeçote estudado foi encaminhado para o laboratório da EPUSP e o número de swirl medido para posterior comparação dos dados. Após a fase inicial de aquisição de dados e ajustes no projeto do dispositivo, essa unidade do cabeçote foi seccionada e digitalizada para que a geometria interna fosse reproduzida via prototipagem rápida. Os dutos de admissão foram montados no dispositivo modular para a realização dos testes em bancada. Todos os testes foram realizados no mesmo equipamento e com o mesmo sistema de controle, com o intuito de reduzir o número de variáveis externas na aquisição de dados. Quando realizou-se a comparação das médias dos resultados do número de swirl do cabeçote e do dispositivo modular com o uso de prototipagem rápida não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes. O método proposto representou o escoamento de ar da admissão do modelo de cabeçote analisado. / The present work proposes to execute steady state bench test, swirl number measurements, using a modular device and cylinder head intake ports from a diesel engine manufactured via rapid prototype (RP) techniques. Swirl number measurements with intake ports produced by RP, bring as main advantages: Tests reproducibility, easy to measure the swirl number variances in consequence of potential casting or machining process deviations besides of time reduction to the development of new intake ports geometry. The research is experimental and one sample of the investigated cylinder head was sent to the laboratory and the swirl number was measured for later results comparison. After the early development phase of data acquisition and design improvements, this cylinder head sample was then sectioned and digitalized as to know to have the same internal geometry in the intake ports produced via rapid prototype. The intake ports were assembled in the modular device to perform bench tests. All tests were performed in the same rig and with the same control system with aiming to reduce the external variables during data acquisition. When the mean results analysis was performed in order to compare the results between cylinder head and modular device using rapid prototype, no statistically significant changes were found. The proposed method represented the investigated cylinder head´s intake air flow.

Esta tese de doutorado tem como objetivo mapear e cadastrar as estruturas portuárias do vale do Ribeira (SP) especialmente aquelas situadas no município de Cananéia que forneçam informações sobre o período de 1850-1950, época em que teria se estabelecido um modo capitalista de produção na região alicerçado na lavoura comercial do arroz. Essa abordagem se justifica pela necessidade de se avaliar as contradições existentes entre o discurso e a sociedade concreta. Hoje a região é conhecida por suas belezas naturais, patrimônio histórico mas, paradoxalmente, é a mais pobre do estado de São Paulo. No entanto, as estruturas portuárias, desde o século XIX até hoje apresentam grande dinâmica construtiva. Como explicar esse conflito? Observando os contextos através de uma Arqueologia Marítima embasada no materialismo histórico. Esses contextos foram delimitados através do mapeamento, cadastramento e prospecção extensiva de estruturas, bens e locais relativos à evolução de embarcações, dos portos e da dinâmica comercial expressa no ambiente urbano. O resultado desse trabalho foi o entendimento de que duas modificações causaram grandes transformações na dinâmica produtiva de todo o vale do Ribeira. A primeira delas foi a transição da lavoura comercial para pesca e para o turismo. A segunda foi a inversão do sentido do fluxo das mercadorias gerado pela substituição do transporte marítimo, em primeiro lugar, pelo conjunto navegação fluvial/ ferrovia, depois pelo transporte rodoviário. Esse processo colocou os lucros nas mãos de novos agentes econômicos, mas manteve a produção do discurso como primazia dos antigos donos do poder. / The aim of this Ph.D. thesis is to map and register the ports of the Ribeiras valley (SP) especially those situated in Cananéia that provide information about the period 1850-1950, when a capitalist production mode based on the trade of rice was developed in the region. The justification for this kind of approach is the necessity to evaluate the contradictions between the speech and the real society. Nowadays the region is known by its natural resources and historical buildings but at the same time it is the poorest region of São Paulo state. However, since the 19th century until today the ports have had a great structural dynamics. How to explain this conflict? By observing the context through a Maritime Archaeology based on the historical materialism. These contexts have been delimitated with mapping, registering and extensive surveying of the structures, patrimony and places related to evolution of water craft, ports and the commercial dynamics in urban environment. The result of the research was the understanding that two changes have caused huge transformation in the productive dynamics of the entire Ribeiras valley. The first one was the transition from commercial agriculture to commercial fishing and tourism. The second one was the inversion of the direction of the trade caused by the substitution of maritime transportation, first by river transportation/ railroad, secondly by the road transportation. This process put the profits in the hands of new economical agents, but kept the production of the speech with the old power owners.

The aim of the research reported in this thesis is to investigate and understand the strategic management of airports. More specifically, the research focuses on regional airports in the UK; it charts the ways in which their strategic management capacities have changed in recent decades with regard to external pressures associated with increasing commercialisation and government policy on the ownership and control of airports. The significance of those external pressures is discussed, especially in the light of privatisation. Within this context, key concepts of strategic management are presented and the application of the cultural web model is discussed, in order to explore the links between strategic management, organisational behaviour and the external operating environment of regional airports. Using a case study approach and qualitative research methods, two regional airports have been selected for an in-depth comparative investigation: Inverness (which remains in public ownership) and East Midlands (which is in private ownership). The conclusions which emerge from the case study evidence suggests that there are significant differences in the strategic management capacities of regional airports in the UK, and these differences reflect their ownership and control. Although there is much evidence that differences between public and private airports are reducing - mainly due to the heightened commercial awareness of the former - it is clear that, unlike publicly owned airports, the transfer of ownership from public to private does indicate a transformation in organisational culture. Unlike their publicly owned counterparts, strategic objectives are clear and well established; minimising costs is a well focused strategic priority; and the pursuit of efficiency is a key strategic driver of change. The thesis concludes with sorne critical. reflections on the research undertaken and suggests areas for future investigation.

Le confort acoustique des passagers à l’intérieur d’un véhicule est fonction des équipements embarqués notamment le Système de Ventilation d’Air (SVA). Un SVA est un système complexe et compact, composé de plusieurs éléments. L’interaction de l’écoulement d’air avec ces éléments est un facteur influant sur les phénomènes acoustiques générés. Le projet CEVAS (Conception d’Eléments de Ventilation d’Air Silencieux), piloté par l’équipementier Valeo, a pour ambition de développer un outil numérique d’aide à la conception des SVA. Dans le cadre de projet, un banc d’essai a été développé à l’UTC en coopération avec Valeo afin de caractériser par mesures acoustique et aéraulique les composants d’un SVA dans les mêmes conditions de fonctionnement que sur véhicule. L’instrumentation acoustique de ce banc permet la caractérisation multimodale des propriétés acoustiques passives et actives de l’élément testé. Dans un premier lieu, la composante passive, représentée par la matrice de diffusion, est mesurée par la méthode multi-sources. Par la suite, la composante active, représentative de l’interaction écoulement objet, est déduite des pressions modales rayonnées en amont et en aval. Les démarches de mesure et de post-traitement sont appliquées pour des éléments académiques et des composants industriels : diaphragme, association de deux diaphragmes, volets et associations volet et mur. / Passenger’s thermal comfort inside car cabin is mainly provided by the heating ventilation and air conditioning system (HVAC). The main part of HVAC modules is placed under the dash board. An HVAC module is a compact system composed of various elements which are subject to airflow. The interaction between airflow and these in-duct elements generates noise inside car cabin. Furthermore, the blower used to blow air inside the cabin must overcome the pressure generated by HVAC elements. Noise is created and its level is linked to flow and pressure. HVAC noise is an important issue for car makers and automotive suppliers wishing to reach passenger’s satisfaction. Furthermore, thermal-engine cars are more and more silent. Also hybrid and electric car sells are expanding around the world. HVAC noise became a main issue for automotive actors. Under CEVAS project, Valeo is aiming to develop a prediction tool to design HVAC systems providing sound quality data. Within CEVAS project the UTC is in charge of performing measurements on academic elements and industrial HVAC components : diaphragm, flaps,…

Le développement portuaire est mis en perspective à partir des ports de Calcutta, la troisième métropole de l’Inde par sa population. L’objet d’analyse est le phénomène de régionalisation portuaire en Inde, défini par une gouvernance portuaire qui lui est propre. La recherche articule géographie portuaire, géographie régionale et géographie économique dans une démarche qui permet d’appréhender la gouvernance portuaire en Inde, ainsi que la relation métropole-port. Elle interroge ainsi deux notions en géographie portuaire : la régionalisation et la gouvernance portuaires en Inde. La thèse montre que la régionalisation portuaire s’insère dans les évolutions de la gouvernance portuaire qui caractérise Calcutta. Elle souligne la pertinence de la notion de gouvernance portuaire comme catégorie analytique du phénomène de régionalisation portuaire, comme processus et comme enjeu politico-socio-économique. Par ailleurs, le rôle joué par la gouvernance portuaire dans le rapport métropole-port est mis en évidence par l’étude des choix économiques ouvertement néolibéraux en opposition aux couleurs politiques du gouvernement du Bengale occidental, communiste depuis 1977. Dans ce contexte spécifique au Bengale occidental, la régionalisation portuaire évolue à travers une succession d’étapes marquées par l’initiation de réformes faisant progressivement appel à la participation des capitaux privés. En Inde, les décisions prises en matière de réformes portuaires, souvent au détriment des populations les plus vulnérables (paysans), ne sont pas sans poser de problèmes sociaux, qui ont déjà évolué vers de graves conflits entre ces populations et les acteurs impliqués dans la question portuaire. A Calcutta, les enjeux du développement portuaire régional posent la question de la place de ses ports comme outil de développement pour cette région de l’Inde, pays d’Asie du Sud devenu puissance émergente sur la scène internationale. / Port development is put into perspective from the ports of Calcutta, the third metropolis by population in India. The object of analysis is the port regionalization phenomenon in India, defined by a port governance of its own. The research focuses port geography, economic geography and regional geography in a process that allows us to understand the port governance in India, as well as the city-port relationship. It thus interrogates two concepts in harbor geography regionalization and port governance in India. The thesis shows that the port regionalization fits into the evolution of port governance that characterizes Calcutta. It stresses the relevance of the concept of port governance as an analytical category of port regionalization phenomenon as a process and as political, social and economic issue. Moreover, the role of governance in the port city harbor report is highlighted by the study of economic choices openly in opposition to neoliberal policies colors of the Government of West Bengal Communist since 1977. In this specific context in West Bengal port regionalization evolves through a succession of stages marked by the initiation of reforms gradually involving the participation of private capital. In India, decisions on port reforms, often at the expense of the most vulnerable populations (farmers) are not without social problems, which have evolved into serious conflicts between indigenous people and other actors involved in the port question. In Calcutta, the challenges of regional port development raises the question of the place of its ports as a development tool for this region of India, South Asia become an emerging power on the international stage.

Les matériaux actifs sont des matériaux qui réagissent quand on leur applique un champ extérieur comme la température, la lumière, un champ magnétique ou un champ électrique. Ces champs changent les propriétés du matériau comme la longueur, la susceptibilité magnétique ou la permittivité électrique. Ces changements peuvent être utilisé pour faire du travail. Quelques exemples sont les matériaux piézoélectriques, qui changent de longueur quand on applique un champ électrique, les alliages à mémoire de forme qui changent leur longueur sous l’action de la température. Un matériau plus récent qu’on appelle les alliages mémoire de forme magnétique se de forme sous l’action d’un champ magnétique. Dans cette thèse, on utilise ce matériau pour Confectionner un actionneur. Pour ce faire, on utilise la thermodynamique des procédés irréversibles pour modéliser le matériau. La thermodynamique s’avère très versatile pour ce type de matériau car il permet de quantifier l’ échange et la transformation d’ énergie dans le matériau. Aussi, étant donné que le matériau se comporte d’une façon non-linéaire et hystérique, le cadre énergétique nous permets justement de prendre en compte ces non- linearités. Cette thèse utilise l’approche énergétique notamment les Hamiltonien à ports pour modéliser un actionneur à base d’alliage à mémoire de forme. Cette méthode nous permets aussi de concevoir des lois de commande pour contrôler le matériau. / Active materials are a class of material which react to an external stimulus such as temperature,photons, magnetic field or electric field. These stimuli cause some properties of the material tochange usually their length. Some examples are piezoelectric material which change their lengthunder the action of an electric field, Shape Memory alloys which alter their shape on applicationof heat, and more recently Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys (MSMA) which undergo a deformationon application of a magnetic field. Harnessing this property of MSMAs, we hereby present anactuator using this novel material. We extensively make use of an energy framework, namely thethermodynamics of irreversible processes to model the material. This framework has been provento be very versatile in modelling energy exchange and transformation as it occurs in the materialand also to incorporate hysteresis which arises naturally in such materials. Another advantage of thismethod is its ability to give us constitutive laws based on simple assumptions. Furthermore, usingan energy framework allows us to apply some energy based control. Port Hamiltonian Control is onesuch method and it is not limited only to linear models. This latter characteristic has proven veryuseful since MSMAs are very non-linear in nature.

The thesis is focused on the consequences of the global economic crisis on the German Port of Hamburg with link to the Czech Republic. The port and its importance is introduced in the theoretical part of the thesis. The following part describes the impact of the crisis on the maritime sector and how it influenced German economy. The main goal of this thesis is to identify and analyze the key external and internal factors which were affecting performance of the Port of Hamburg during the economic crisis. Emphasis is placed on the economic situation of individual states, which use Hamburg for their international maritime transport as well as on the relevant competitive interactions between European ports. Last but not least, attention is paid to the management of the port.

The thesis is focused on factors influencing port customers in their choice of the most convenient port. Port customer is primarily freight forwarder but ship operators and multimodal transport operators are also involved in decision making process. Principles of port functioning system reflected in port ownership and port governance with connection to individual subject in port organizational structure are introduced in the theoretical part of the thesis. The following part describes volumes of transported TEU in relation between specific port and Czech and Slovak Republic. The main goal of this thesis is to identify and analyze the key endogenous and exogenous factors which were affecting performance of selected ports. Factors with highest influence on freight forwarder choice are described in detail. Emphasis is placed on the Port of Hamburg because of its ongoing highest performance on the market with highest TEU volumes and also on the Port of Koper because of its growing performance profile.

This dissertation details the design of a fish processing and distribution building in the Fishery Port of Maputo. The ‘port’ is explored as a threshold between a city and the ocean and the perceived spatial permanence of city form is brought into dialogue with the constantly changing forces of the harbour across this threshold. The cyclic fluidity of civic life mediates this dialogue to achieve an architecture conscious and manifest of the temporal. / Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Architecture / unrestricted

This master thesis focus on game server security which is connected directly to the internet. Based on current security and scanning the server with penetration testing tools, I designed complete methodology for fixing security issues and vulnerabilities.