Resumo: Investigar o efeito independente e aditivo do treinamento resistido (TR) e da isoflavona de soja (ISO) sobre a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e a composição corporal de mulheres na pós-menopausa. Foi conduzido estudo clínico prospectivo, duplo-cego (ISO), placebocontrolado e randomizado dois (ISO x Placebo) por dois (TR x sem TR). Oitenta mulheres sedentárias na pós-menopausa (amenorréia últimos 12 meses, FSH > 40UIml), idade entre 45 a 70 anos, foram randomizadas a um dos quatro grupos (71 completaram 9 meses de intervenção): ISO + TR (n=15; 55,7±7,0); ISO + sem TR (n=20; 56,6±8,8); placebo + TR (n=18; 56,0±5,8); placebo + sem TR (n=18; 55,3±8,0). As participantes randomizadas para ISO receberam 250mg de extrato de soja, total de 100mg/dia de isoflavona. Aquelas randomizadas para TR realizaram sessões de exercícios resistidos supervisionados, mínimo de dois dias na semana, durante 9 meses, que incluiu 2-3 exercícios para os grupamentos musculares maiores (coxa, peito e costa) e 1 exercício para os menores (bíceps e tríceps), em 3 séries de 8-12 repetições máximas. No momento basal e aos 9 meses, a composição corporal (massa gordurosa e muscular) e a DMO (corpo inteiro, colo de fêmur e coluna lombar) foram estimadas pela absortometria radiológica de feixes duplos de energia (DXA, Hologic QDR-2000). Valores plasmáticos de CTX (serum levels of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen) e de osteocalcina foram dosados como marcadores da reabsorção e formação óssea, respectivamente. Para avaliação antropométrica foram obtidos: peso, estatura, índice de massa corpórea (IMC=peso/altura2), circunferência da cintura (CC) e relação cintura/quadril (RCQ). Valores plasmáticos de isoflavona foram realizados ao final da intervenção para analisar a aderência ao tratamento. Na análise... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: To investigate the independent and additive effects of resistance training (RT) and soy isoflavone (ISO) on bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in postmenopausal women. This study used a placebo-controlled, double-blind (soy), randomized two (ISO vs placebo) x two (RT vs no-RT) design. A total of 80 sedentary postmenopausal women (>12 months amenorrhea and FSH >40mIU/ml), aged 45- 70 years, was randomized one of four groups (71 completed 9-months intervention): ISO + RT (n=15; 55.7±7.0); ISO + no-RT (n=20; 56.6±8.8); placebo + RT (n=18; 56.0±5.8); placebo + no-RT (n=18; 55,3±8,0). Participants randomized to ISO received 250mg of standardized soy extract, total of 100mg/day of isoflavone. Subjects randomized to RT attended supervised resistance exercise sessions, three days/week for 9-months and included 2-3 exercises for the larger muscle groups, and 1 exercise for smaller groups in 3 series of 8-12 repetitions. At baseline and 9-months, body composition (fat and muscle mass) and BMD (whole body, lumbar spine and femoral neck) were estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic QDR-2000). Serum levels of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin were measured as markers of bone resorption and formation, respectively. The anthropometric indicators included: weight, height, body mass index (BMI= weight/height2), waist circumference (WC) and waist/hip ratio (WHR). The plasma levels of isoflavones were measured to assess compliance. The Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov & Smirnov for distribution statistics, and Levene's test for homogeneity of variances, ANOVA-repeated measure, ANOVAone way and post hoc Fisher test, Pearson's correlation, test t and analyze regression forward stepwise were used in the statistical analysis. There were no significant difference... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Orientador: Eliana Aguiar Petri Nahás / Coorientador: Jorge Nahás Neto / Banca: Nailza Maestá / Banca: Leone A. Simonetti / Banca: Cesar Eduardo Fernandes / Banca: Aarão Mendes Pinto Neto / Doutor

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:35:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:47:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 orsatti_fl_dr_botfm.pdf: 388914 bytes, checksum: 4ebcdb325956efbf43f2f32282b28137 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Investigar o efeito independente e aditivo do treinamento resistido (TR) e da isoflavona de soja (ISO) sobre a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e a composição corporal de mulheres na pós-menopausa. Foi conduzido estudo clínico prospectivo, duplo-cego (ISO), placebocontrolado e randomizado dois (ISO x Placebo) por dois (TR x sem TR). Oitenta mulheres sedentárias na pós-menopausa (amenorréia últimos 12 meses, FSH > 40UIml), idade entre 45 a 70 anos, foram randomizadas a um dos quatro grupos (71 completaram 9 meses de intervenção): ISO + TR (n=15; 55,7±7,0); ISO + sem TR (n=20; 56,6±8,8); placebo + TR (n=18; 56,0±5,8); placebo + sem TR (n=18; 55,3±8,0). As participantes randomizadas para ISO receberam 250mg de extrato de soja, total de 100mg/dia de isoflavona. Aquelas randomizadas para TR realizaram sessões de exercícios resistidos supervisionados, mínimo de dois dias na semana, durante 9 meses, que incluiu 2-3 exercícios para os grupamentos musculares maiores (coxa, peito e costa) e 1 exercício para os menores (bíceps e tríceps), em 3 séries de 8-12 repetições máximas. No momento basal e aos 9 meses, a composição corporal (massa gordurosa e muscular) e a DMO (corpo inteiro, colo de fêmur e coluna lombar) foram estimadas pela absortometria radiológica de feixes duplos de energia (DXA, Hologic QDR-2000). Valores plasmáticos de CTX (serum levels of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen) e de osteocalcina foram dosados como marcadores da reabsorção e formação óssea, respectivamente. Para avaliação antropométrica foram obtidos: peso, estatura, índice de massa corpórea (IMC=peso/altura2), circunferência da cintura (CC) e relação cintura/quadril (RCQ). Valores plasmáticos de isoflavona foram realizados ao final da intervenção para analisar a aderência ao tratamento. Na análise... / To investigate the independent and additive effects of resistance training (RT) and soy isoflavone (ISO) on bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition in postmenopausal women. This study used a placebo-controlled, double-blind (soy), randomized two (ISO vs placebo) x two (RT vs no-RT) design. A total of 80 sedentary postmenopausal women (>12 months amenorrhea and FSH >40mIU/ml), aged 45- 70 years, was randomized one of four groups (71 completed 9-months intervention): ISO + RT (n=15; 55.7±7.0); ISO + no-RT (n=20; 56.6±8.8); placebo + RT (n=18; 56.0±5.8); placebo + no-RT (n=18; 55,3±8,0). Participants randomized to ISO received 250mg of standardized soy extract, total of 100mg/day of isoflavone. Subjects randomized to RT attended supervised resistance exercise sessions, three days/week for 9-months and included 2-3 exercises for the larger muscle groups, and 1 exercise for smaller groups in 3 series of 8-12 repetitions. At baseline and 9-months, body composition (fat and muscle mass) and BMD (whole body, lumbar spine and femoral neck) were estimated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA, Hologic QDR-2000). Serum levels of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) and osteocalcin were measured as markers of bone resorption and formation, respectively. The anthropometric indicators included: weight, height, body mass index (BMI= weight/height2), waist circumference (WC) and waist/hip ratio (WHR). The plasma levels of isoflavones were measured to assess compliance. The Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov & Smirnov for distribution statistics, and Levene's test for homogeneity of variances, ANOVA-repeated measure, ANOVAone way and post hoc Fisher test, Pearson’s correlation, test t and analyze regression forward stepwise were used in the statistical analysis. There were no significant difference... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Background: Previous studies have addressed multiple sclerosis (MS) symptom management and improved health-related quality of life (HrQOL). Yet lowered estrogen levels in post-menopasual women with MS may further worsen physical function and symptomology and not all types of pain management have been examined. Objectives: For post-menopausal women with MS, we evaluated the extent to which smoking is associated with worsened health outcomes and HrQOL, and the extent to which menopausal hormone treatment (MHT) improves health outcomes and HrQOL. For all adult men and women with clinically diagnosed MS, we systematically reviewed pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies for the reduction of pain. Methods: We identified 256 post-menopausal women with MS in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study and examined changes from baseline to 3 years in activities of daily living, physical activity, SF-36 mental and physical component scales (MCS, PCS), and menopausal symptoms. In all adults, experimental studies published after 1965 were included if the sample was not restricted to participants with spasticity or trigeminal neuralgia and participant-reported pain was a primary or secondary outcome. Pain scores were reported as Cohen’s d. Results: Nine percent of post-menopausal women with MS were current smokers and 51% reported current MHT use. Smoking and MHT use had no effect on physical functioning, activities of daily living, or menopausal symptoms. Women with early age at smoking initiation experienced declines in MCS (adjusted β <20 vs. ≥ 25 years: -10.50, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) -2.1 to -18.1; adjusted β 20-24 vs. ≥ 25 years: -8.81, 95% CI: 0.6 to -17.4), but not in PCS. Relative to never MHT users, ever MHT users had higher MCS scores at year 3 compared to baseline (adjusted β: 3.0, 95% CI: 0.4 to 5.6), but no change in PCS. For all adults, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS; Cohen’s d: -3.34), nabixomols (Cohen’s d: -0.61), and dextromethorphan/quinidine (Cohen’s d: -0.22) were reported effective in reducing pain. Conclusions: Smoking prevention efforts should be increased for women with MS. Women with MS may also experience HrQOL gains with MHT, but contemporaneous data on MHT use is needed. TENS may be more effective than pharmacological methods in reducing MS pain.

BACKGROUND: The benefits of the Mediterranean-style dietary pattern in mitigating cancer risk among Americans is unclear and its role in obesity-related cancer risk has not been evaluated. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the prospective association between adherence to a Mediterranean style dietary pattern and cancer risk (including total, obesity related, breast and colorectal cancers) among men and women in the Framingham Offspring (FOS) cohort. In secondary analyses for breast cancer, we explore stratifying by hormone receptor status and menopausal status. METHODS: The Mediterranean style dietary pattern (MSDP) score was derived from a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire taken at examination visit 5 in the prospective FOS cohort. Subjects included 3199 participants (1703 women and 1496 men), aged 30 years old and older, who were free of prevalent cancer. The MSDP score was classified into tertiles and also dichotomized (MSDP score <19 vs. ≥19) to evaluate the association between the MSDP and cancer risk through the ninth examination cycle (2014). Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for all subjects and for men and women separately, adjusting for confounding by age, physical activity, body mass Index, pack-years of cigarette smoking, supplement use, diabetes status and sex (for all subjects models). In the breast cancer model, we adjusted for age, waist-to-height ratio height ratio, pack-years, physical activity, diabetes, supplement use age at menopause. Factors found not to confound the effects of the MSDP on cancer risk were excluded from final models. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of approximately 18 years, 377 and 273 cancer cases were documented among men and women, respectively. Women in the upper two tertiles of the MSDP score had approximately 30% lower lower total cancer risks than women in the lowest tertile (tertile 2: HR, 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.94; tertile 3: HR, 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54-0.99). Effects in men were weaker. Higher adherence to a MSDP was somewhat more strongly protective against total cancer risk among lower-risk individuals such as those who were leaner (BMI <25), drank less alcohol (<14 g/d), and did not currently smoke cigarettes. The association between MSDP adherence and total cancer risk was also modified by waist circumference and WHtR. We also observed a non-statistically significant protective effect of higher MSDP conformity and obesity-related cancer risk (tertile 3: HR, 0.80, 95% CI: 0.60-1.07). The association was present especially among women (tertile 2: HR, 0.76, 95% CI 0.53-1.09; tertile 3: HR, 0.73, 95% CI: 0.51-1.05). In analyses of effect modification by anthropometric measures of body fat, the combined effect estimates for higher adherence to the MSDP in women and body fat were more than additive for BMI and WHtR. The MSDP adherence was also inversely associated with BrCa risk (tertile 3 vs tertile 1: HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.34-0.98) especially in post-menopausal women (HR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.29-0.91) and among those with any positive Estrogen Receptor/Progesterone Receptor BrCa (HR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.31-1.06). We found no association between MSDP and colorectal cancer in these analyses. CONCLUSIONS: In this large cohort study, higher adherence to MSDP was associated with lower cancer risk (including total, obesity-related and breast cancers), among women aged 30 years old or older in the FOS study.

INTRODUÇÃO: A infusão aguda de insulina, simulando a resposta insulinêmica a uma refeição rica em carboidratos, promove aumento da atividade nervosa simpática (ANS) e do fluxo sanguíneo (FS) muscular, resultando em aumento da pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e manutenção da pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) em mulheres pós menopausadas. Nesta população, a execução de uma única sessão de exercício aeróbico promove diminuição da ANS e aumento do FS, reduzindo os níveis de pressão arterial pós-exercício. Entretanto, os efeitos deste exercício sobre as respostas fisiológicas à hiperinsulinemia aguda ainda não foram investigados em mulheres pós menopausadas, que podem ou não estar em uso de terapia estrogênica (TE). OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos agudos do exercício aeróbico prévio sobre a sensibilidade à insulina (SI) e as respostas da PA, ANS, FS muscular e freqüência cardíaca (FC) em condições basais e em resposta à infusão aguda de insulina em mulheres histerectomizadas e pós menopausadas, que estavam em uso ou não de TE. MÉTODOS: 13 mulheres, foram aleatoriamente divididas em 2 grupos: 7 receberam TE (valerato estradiol, 1 mg/dia) e 6 Placebo. Após 6 meses de terapia, os grupos se submeteram a 2 sessões experimentais: exercício físico (cicloergômetro, 45 min, 50%VO2pico) e repouso (60 min sentada). Uma hora após as sessões, a PA (oscilométrica), o FS (pletismografia) e a FC(ECG) foram medidos na posição deitada por 10 min. Em seguida, realizou-se um clampeamento euglicêmico/hiperinsulinêmico (120 min, 100 U/ml) e as variáveis foram medidas no período de equilíbrio. RESULTADOS: A SI foi semelhante nos dois grupos e nas 2 sessões. O uso da TE não afetou as respostas da PA e FC ao exercício e à hiperinsulinemia. Assim, na sessão de repouso, nos 2 grupos, a infusão de insulina aumentou significativamente a PAS (141±4 vs 147±6 mmHg), a PAD (74±3 vs 79±3 mmHg) e a FC (66±3 vs 70±3 bat/min). A execução prévia do exercício diminuiu os valores da PA no período basal e durante a infusão de insulina, além de evitar o aumento da PAD com esta infusão. Além disso, o exercício prévio aumentou a FC basal e fez com que ela não aumentasse com a infusão de insulina. Em relação ao FS, apenas no grupo que recebeu TE, a infusão de insulina aumentou o FS na sessão repouso (2,07±0,24 vs 3,16±0,38 ml.min-1.100ml-1) e, neste grupo, o exercício prévio também tendeu a aumentar o FS basal (2,07± 0,24 vs 2,83± 0,76 ml.min-1.100ml-1,P=0,06). CONCLUSÔES: Em mulheres pos-menopausadas e saudáveis, a execução de uma única sessão de exercício aeróbico reduziu a PA e aumentou a FC, impedindo o efeito da insulina em aumentar a PAD e a FC. Além disso, nas mulheres que faziam uso da TE, uma única sessão de exercício tendeu a promover vasodilatação, e facilitou a vasodilatação induzida pela insulina. Estas respostas ocorreram mesmo na ausência de modificação da SI / INTRODUCTION: Acute insulin infusion, simulating a high carbohydrate lunch, increases sympathetic neural activity (SNA) and blood flow (BF), leading to an increase in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and not changing diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in postmenopausal women. Moreover, in this population, the execution of one exercise bout decrease SNA and increase BF, promoting a decrease in post-exercise blood pressure levels. However, the acute effects of this exercise on physiological responses to hiperinsulinemy were not studied in post-menopausal women, who may be using or not estrogen therapy (ET). OBJECTIVE: To analyze the acute effects of previous aerobic exercise on insulin sensitivity (IS) and the SBP, DBP, ANS, muscle BF and heart rate (HR) measured in baseline under conditions and in response to insulin infusion in postmenopausal histeroctomyzed women, who were receiving ET or not. METHODS: 13 women were randomized into 2 groups: 7 received ET (estradiol valerate, 1mg/dia) and 6 placebo. After 6 months, both groups performed 2 experimental sessions: exercise (cyclergometer, 45 min, 50%VO2peak) and rest (60 min seated). One hour after sessions, blood pressure (oscilometric), BF (pletsmography) and HR (ECG) were measured in the supine position for 10 min. After that, an euglicemic/hiperinsulinemic clamp was performed (120 min, 100 U/ml), and these variables were measured in steady-state period. RESULTS: IS was similar between groups in both sessions. Estrogen therapy did not affect blood pressure and heart rate responses to exercise and to hiperinsulinemia. Therefore, in rest session, in both groups, insulin infusion increased SBP (141±4 vs 147±6 mmHg), DBP (74±3 vs 79±3 mmHg), and HR (66±3 vs 70±3 beats/min). Previous exercise decreased blood pressure levels in baseline condition and during insulin infusion, and attenuated the increase in DBP during infusion. Moreover, previous exercise increased baselçine HR, and attenuated its increase during insulin infusion. BF increased with insulin infusion only in the group who received ET in the rest session (2.07±0.24 vs 3.16±0.38 ml.min-1.100ml-1), and in this group, previous exercise tended to increase baseline BF (2.07± 0.24 vs 2.83± 0.76 ml.min-1.100ml-1,P=0.06). CONCLUSION: In post-menopausal healthy women, one aerobic exercise bout decreased BP and increased HR, attenuating the increase in DBP and HR during insulin infusion. Moreover, in women that were receiving ET, one exercise bout tended to promote vasodilation, and improved the vasodilation induced by insulin. This responses ocurred even with no change in IS

Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a influência da ingestão alimentar de proteína da soja enriquecida com isoflavona e dos exercícios com pesos sobre o metabolismo energético de mulheres na pós-menopausa. Casuística e métodos. Ensaio clínico, 16 semanas, envolvendo 60 mulheres, 59 (7) anos, distribuídas em 4 grupos: G1 (proteína da soja e exercício), G2 (placebo e exercício), G3 (proteína da soja e sem exercício) e G4 (placebo e sem exercício). A proteína da soja e o placebo (maltodextrina) foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, sob a forma de pó, na porção de 25 gramas/dia, enriquecida com 50 mg de isoflavona. Foram 10 exercícios com pesos, realizados em 3 sessões semanais, com 3 séries de 8-12 repetições cada, carga de 60-80% de 1 repetição máxima (RM). O metabolismo energético foi analisado a partir do gasto energético de repouso (GER) e do quociente respiratório (QR). O GER foi calculado utilizando o O2 e o CO2, obtidos por calorimetria indireta (Quinton-QMC®), durante 30 minutos, sob temperatura e umidade controladas, e o QR pela relação CO2/O2. Foram utilizadas variáveis de controle: idade, hormônio folículo estimulantes (FSH), proteína e valor calórico total da alimentação (VCT), massa muscular e índice de massa corporal IMC (kg/m2). Na análise estatística foram utilizados: ANOVA, teste &#34;t&#34; de Student e regressão múltipla, por meio do software Stata 9.2, &#945;<0,05. Resultados. As mulheres apresentaram homogeneidade em todas as variáveis do estudo. Houve aumento, significante (p<0,05) do GER no G1 (158 kcal/dia) e G2 (110 kcal/dia), correspondente a 17% e 9%, respectivamente, sem alteração do QR. Não houve associação entre as variáveis de controle, com o GER e o QR, entretanto, com a intervenção, observou-se aumento significante (p<0,05) da massa muscular, G1 (7%) e G2 (10%), e da ingestão proteica, G1 (de 19 para 25%) e G3 (de 19 para 26%), sem diferença entre grupos, quanto ao VCT. Conclusão. Exercícios com pesos são determinantes para o aumento do GER de mulheres na pós-menopausa, podendo ser potencializado pela ingestão de proteína da soja enriquecida com isoflavona. / Objective. The objective of this study was analyze the influence of dietary ingestion of soy protein enriched with isoflavones and exercises with weights on energy metabolism of women in post-menopause. Material and methods. Clinical trial, 16 weeks, involving 60 women, 59 (7) years, divided into four groups: G1 (soy protein and exercise), G2 (placebo and exercise), G3 (without soy protein and exercise) and G4 (placebo and without exercise). Randomly, the soy protein and placebo (maltodextrin) were distributed in powder form; the portion of 25 grams / day was enriched with 50 mg of isoflavones. There were 10 exercises with weight, performed in three sessions per week with 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions each, with load of 60-80% of one maximum repetition (RM). The energy of metabolism was analyzed from the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ). The REE was calculated using the O2 and CO2, obtained through indirect calorimetry (QMC, Quinton ®) for 30 minutes under controlled temperature and humidity, and the ratio QR CO2/O2. Some variables to control the REE were used: age, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), protein and total caloric content of food (VCT), muscle mass and body mass index - BMI (kg/m2). To the statistical analysis were used: ANOVA, &#34;t&#34; test of Student and multiple regression using the software Stata 9.2, &#945;<0.05. Results. The women presented homogeneity for all variables of the study. Significantly, there was an increase (p <0.05) of SGA in G1 (158 kcal / day) and G2 (110 kcal/ day), corresponding to 17% and 9% respectively, and no alteration of QR. Between the variables control, REE and RQ, wasnt found an association, however, through the intervention, was observed a significant (p <0.05) muscle mass, G1 (7%) and G2 (10%), and ingestion of protein, G1 (from 19 to 25%) and G3 (from 19 to 26%), with no difference among groups toward the VCT. Conclusion. The exercises with weights are crucial to the increase of REE in women in post- menopause, and can be potentiated by the ingestion of soy protein enriched with isoflavones.

Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a influência da ingestão alimentar de proteína da soja enriquecida com isoflavona e dos exercícios com pesos sobre o metabolismo energético de mulheres na pós-menopausa. Casuística e métodos. Ensaio clínico, 16 semanas, envolvendo 60 mulheres, 59 (7) anos, distribuídas em 4 grupos: G1 (proteína da soja e exercício), G2 (placebo e exercício), G3 (proteína da soja e sem exercício) e G4 (placebo e sem exercício). A proteína da soja e o placebo (maltodextrina) foram distribuídos, aleatoriamente, sob a forma de pó, na porção de 25 gramas/dia, enriquecida com 50 mg de isoflavona. Foram 10 exercícios com pesos, realizados em 3 sessões semanais, com 3 séries de 8-12 repetições cada, carga de 60-80% de 1 repetição máxima (RM). O metabolismo energético foi analisado a partir do gasto energético de repouso (GER) e do quociente respiratório (QR). O GER foi calculado utilizando o O2 e o CO2, obtidos por calorimetria indireta (Quinton-QMC®), durante 30 minutos, sob temperatura e umidade controladas, e o QR pela relação CO2/O2. Foram utilizadas variáveis de controle: idade, hormônio folículo estimulantes (FSH), proteína e valor calórico total da alimentação (VCT), massa muscular e índice de massa corporal IMC (kg/m2). Na análise estatística foram utilizados: ANOVA, teste &#34;t&#34; de Student e regressão múltipla, por meio do software Stata 9.2, &#945;<0,05. Resultados. As mulheres apresentaram homogeneidade em todas as variáveis do estudo. Houve aumento, significante (p<0,05) do GER no G1 (158 kcal/dia) e G2 (110 kcal/dia), correspondente a 17% e 9%, respectivamente, sem alteração do QR. Não houve associação entre as variáveis de controle, com o GER e o QR, entretanto, com a intervenção, observou-se aumento significante (p<0,05) da massa muscular, G1 (7%) e G2 (10%), e da ingestão proteica, G1 (de 19 para 25%) e G3 (de 19 para 26%), sem diferença entre grupos, quanto ao VCT. Conclusão. Exercícios com pesos são determinantes para o aumento do GER de mulheres na pós-menopausa, podendo ser potencializado pela ingestão de proteína da soja enriquecida com isoflavona. / Objective. The objective of this study was analyze the influence of dietary ingestion of soy protein enriched with isoflavones and exercises with weights on energy metabolism of women in post-menopause. Material and methods. Clinical trial, 16 weeks, involving 60 women, 59 (7) years, divided into four groups: G1 (soy protein and exercise), G2 (placebo and exercise), G3 (without soy protein and exercise) and G4 (placebo and without exercise). Randomly, the soy protein and placebo (maltodextrin) were distributed in powder form; the portion of 25 grams / day was enriched with 50 mg of isoflavones. There were 10 exercises with weight, performed in three sessions per week with 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions each, with load of 60-80% of one maximum repetition (RM). The energy of metabolism was analyzed from the resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory quotient (RQ). The REE was calculated using the O2 and CO2, obtained through indirect calorimetry (QMC, Quinton ®) for 30 minutes under controlled temperature and humidity, and the ratio QR CO2/O2. Some variables to control the REE were used: age, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), protein and total caloric content of food (VCT), muscle mass and body mass index - BMI (kg/m2). To the statistical analysis were used: ANOVA, &#34;t&#34; test of Student and multiple regression using the software Stata 9.2, &#945;<0.05. Results. The women presented homogeneity for all variables of the study. Significantly, there was an increase (p <0.05) of SGA in G1 (158 kcal / day) and G2 (110 kcal/ day), corresponding to 17% and 9% respectively, and no alteration of QR. Between the variables control, REE and RQ, wasnt found an association, however, through the intervention, was observed a significant (p <0.05) muscle mass, G1 (7%) and G2 (10%), and ingestion of protein, G1 (from 19 to 25%) and G3 (from 19 to 26%), with no difference among groups toward the VCT. Conclusion. The exercises with weights are crucial to the increase of REE in women in post- menopause, and can be potentiated by the ingestion of soy protein enriched with isoflavones.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-08-19Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:50:47Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_fg_me_arafcf.pdf: 662906 bytes, checksum: b01eca6154c2a1b53dcdc4ffa1a8d2c8 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Mulheres pós-menopausadas estão mais susceptíveis a problemas de saúde relacionados hipoestrogenismo, o que favorece ao processo de estresse oxidativo, inflamatório e ao desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas. Visto que a inclusão de cereais integrais na alimentação veicula componentes bioativos de efeito antioxidante e hipolipemiante, como as lignanas, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar os efeitos hipolipemiantes, inflamatórios e antioxidantes de lignanas provenientes da ingestão de quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) em um grupo de mulheres pós-menopausadas. Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo, randomizado, duplo cego e controlado por placebo, no qual participaram 35 mulheres que foram submetidas ao consumo diário de 25 gramas de quinoa em flocos ou placebo, no período de 4 semanas consecutivas. No início e ao final do tratamento, após as quatro semanas, foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas: peso corporal, estatura e circunferência da cintura; e coleta de sangue para a quantificação de glicose, colesterol total, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglicerídeos, marcadores de estresse (GSH e TBARS), Vitamina E, marcadores inflamatórios (IL-6 e TNF-α) e enterolignanas (END e ENL); e urina de 24 horas para quantificação de enterolignanas. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados em dois diferentes estudos os quais foram escritos na forma de artigo científico, sendo que o primeiro artigo abordou o efeito do consumo de quinoa sobre as concentrações de glicose, colesterol total e frações e de marcadores de estresse oxidativo, e o segundo artigo abordou o efeito das enterolignas sobre os marcadores inflamatórios em um grupo de mulheres pós-menopausadas. Ao comparar as dosagens no início e ao final do experimento, o presente estudo mostrou um possível efeito benéfico proveniente da ingestão do cereal quinoa, pois foram constatadas reduções significativas nas concentrações... / Postmenopausal women are more susceptible to health problems related to declining estrogen concentrations, which favor the oxidative stress and inflammatory process and the development of chronic diseases. Since daily consumption of grains involves bioactive components with an antioxidant and hypolipidemic effects, like lignans, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of quinoa consumption on the concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in a group of postmenopausal women. A prospective, randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled study has been conducted on 35 women who had to consume 25 grams/day of quinoa flakes or placebo, over a period of 4 consecutive weeks. At the beginning and at the end of the intervention, after four weeks, anthropometric assessment was performed by body weight, height and abdominal circumference; and blood was collected for the determination of glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, vitamin E and enterolignans, and 24-h urine was obtained for the determination of enterolignans. The results were analyzed in two different studies which were written in the form of a scientific paper, the first one emphasizes the effect of quinoa intake on consumption on the concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol and fractions, oxidative stress markers and in the second paper investigated the effect of enterolignans on inflammatory markers in a group of postmenopausal women. Comparing the beginning and the end of the intervention, the present study showed a possible beneficial effect by quinoa intake, because significant reductions were observed in serum triglycerides, TBARS and vitamin E concentrations, and an increase in enterolignan urinary excretion in the groups that consumed quinoa and placebo. A significant reduction of total cholesterol... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by DIEGO FERNANDO LAMBER MARTINS CANO null (diegolamber4@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-02T10:48:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Cano - Revisão III.docx: 189771 bytes, checksum: 9a1f5f988aa18f362b529fbcfa16f650 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: A versão final da dissertação/tese deve ser submetida no formato PDF (Portable Document Format). O arquivo PDF não deve estar protegido e a dissertação/tese deve estar em um único arquivo, inclusive os apêndices e anexos, se houver. Por favor, corrija o formato do arquivo e realize uma nova submissão. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-07-06T18:01:28Z (GMT) / Submitted by DIEGO FERNANDO LAMBER MARTINS CANO null (diegolamber4@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-06T23:46:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Cano - Revisão III.pdf: 364171 bytes, checksum: 50db327642b399814ffc7d03be0145dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-07-07T12:31:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cano_dflm_me_bot.pdf: 364171 bytes, checksum: 50db327642b399814ffc7d03be0145dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T12:31:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cano_dflm_me_bot.pdf: 364171 bytes, checksum: 50db327642b399814ffc7d03be0145dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-04 / Em decorrência de processo fisiológico natural, mulheres menopausadas estão expostas a diminuição da massa muscular devido à redução dos níveis hormonais. Consequentemente, podem ocorrer alterações posturais. Adicionalmente, as alterações posturais estão relacionadas aos maus hábitos da postura, sedentarismo e obesidade. Com o objetivo de associar as alterações posturais com indicadores demográficos, socioeconômicos, antropométricos e aptidão física de mulheres menopausadas, foram analisados dados de 317 mulheres, no momento inicial das avaliações, nos anos de 2013 e 2014, participantes no programa de mudança do estilo de vida (Mexa-se Pró Saúde) da cidade de Botucatu/SP. Foram analisados os seguintes desvios posturais: protusão cervical, cifose torácica, lordose lombar, ângulos quadricipitais direito e esquerdo. Adotou-se o teste do qui quadrado para associação entre os desvios posturais e as variáveis demográficas, IMC e de aptidão física. Foi realizada a regressão logística considerando as demais variáveis como explanatórias. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Na amostra, 62,8% eram abaixo de sessenta anos, maioria casada (63,1%), de nível médio de escolaridade (56,5%), vivendo com renda familiar inferior a 5 salários mínimos (76,3%). Cerca de metade das mulheres apresentava desvios posturais (para mais ou para menos) de protusão, cifose e lordose, enquanto essas distorções aumentaram ainda mais para os ângulos quadricipitais direito e esquerdo. Na análise logística das alterações posturais aumentadas, constituíram alterações para a protusão a idade superior a 60 anos (OR 2,07; 1,33-3,24) e para cifose, o nível baixo de atividade física (OR 2,46; 1,26-4,80). Não houve influência significativa do excesso de peso nas alterações posturais analisadas. Conclui-se que, embora com desvios posturais frequentes e com fatores de risco já conhecidos, essas mulheres estão aptas aos modelos de estilo de vida saudável, com exercícios físicos supervisionados. / Resulting from a natural physiological process, women after menopause are open to a decrease of muscular mass because of the reduction of hormone levels. Consequently, postural alterations can happen. Additionally, these postural alterations are related to bad postural habits, sedentarism and obesity. With the objective to associate postural alterations with demographical indicators, social-economics, anthropometry and physical aptitude, data from 317 post-menopause women were analyzed. The initial evaluations made in 2013 and 2014 were from women participating in the program to change their life style (Mexa-se Pró-Saúde) in the city of Botucatu, S.P. The following postural deviations were analyzed: cervical protrusion, thoraxical kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and the right and left quadriceps angles. The qui quadratic test was used for association between postural deviations and demographical variables, Index of Physical Mass, and physical aptitude. There was a logistic regression made to consider as explanatory all other variables. The significance level adopted was 5%. In our example, 62.8% were under 60 years of age, 63.1% were married, 56.5% had a medium school level, 76.3% lived with a family income of less than five minimum salaries. Almost half the women presented postural deviations (some more, some less) of cervical protrusion, kyphosis and lordosis, while these distortions increased more for right and left quadriceps angles. In the logistical analysis of increased postural alterations, there was a risk factor constituted for protrusion to an age higher than 60 years old (OR2.07; 1,33-3,24) and for kyphosis a low level of physical activity (OR2,46; 1,26- 4,80). There was no significant influence observed in ´postural alterations related to overweight. In conclusion, even though postural alterations are frequent and have known risk factors, these women are apt as models of healthy life styles, with supervised physical exercises.

Orientador: Roberto Carlos Burini / Resumo: Em decorrência de processo fisiológico natural, mulheres menopausadas estão expostas a diminuição da massa muscular devido à redução dos níveis hormonais. Consequentemente, podem ocorrer alterações posturais. Adicionalmente, as alterações posturais estão relacionadas aos maus hábitos da postura, sedentarismo e obesidade. Com o objetivo de associar as alterações posturais com indicadores demográficos, socioeconômicos, antropométricos e aptidão física de mulheres menopausadas, foram analisados dados de 317 mulheres, no momento inicial das avaliações, nos anos de 2013 e 2014, participantes no programa de mudança do estilo de vida (Mexa-se Pró Saúde) da cidade de Botucatu/SP. Foram analisados os seguintes desvios posturais: protusão cervical, cifose torácica, lordose lombar, ângulos quadricipitais direito e esquerdo. Adotou-se o teste do qui quadrado para associação entre os desvios posturais e as variáveis demográficas, IMC e de aptidão física. Foi realizada a regressão logística considerando as demais variáveis como explanatórias. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Na amostra, 62,8% eram abaixo de sessenta anos, maioria casada (63,1%), de nível médio de escolaridade (56,5%), vivendo com renda familiar inferior a 5 salários mínimos (76,3%). Cerca de metade das mulheres apresentava desvios posturais (para mais ou para menos) de protusão, cifose e lordose, enquanto essas distorções aumentaram ainda mais para os ângulos quadricipitais direito e esquerdo. Na análise logísti... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Resulting from a natural physiological process, women after menopause are open to a decrease of muscular mass because of the reduction of hormone levels. Consequently, postural alterations can happen. Additionally, these postural alterations are related to bad postural habits, sedentarism and obesity. With the objective to associate postural alterations with demographical indicators, social-economics, anthropometry and physical aptitude, data from 317 post-menopause women were analyzed. The initial evaluations made in 2013 and 2014 were from women participating in the program to change their life style (Mexa-se Pró-Saúde) in the city of Botucatu, S.P. The following postural deviations were analyzed: cervical protrusion, thoraxical kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and the right and left quadriceps angles. The qui quadratic test was used for association between postural deviations and demographical variables, Index of Physical Mass, and physical aptitude. There was a logistic regression made to consider as explanatory all other variables. The significance level adopted was 5%. In our example, 62.8% were under 60 years of age, 63.1% were married, 56.5% had a medium school level, 76.3% lived with a family income of less than five minimum salaries. Almost half the women presented postural deviations (some more, some less) of cervical protrusion, kyphosis and lordosis, while these distortions increased more for right and left quadriceps angles. In the logistical analysis of increased pos... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre