Spelling suggestions: "subject:"pothole""
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Restoration site assessment of a southwestern Wisconsin pothole marshPatlak, Margaret Ellen. January 1983 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1983. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-102).
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POTHOLE DETECTION USING DEEP LEARNING AND AREA ASSESSMENT USING IMAGE MANIPULATIONKharel, Subash 01 June 2021 (has links)
Every year, drivers are spending over 3 billions to repair damage on vehicle caused by potholes. Along with the financial disaster, potholes cause frustration in drivers. Also, with the emerging development of automated vehicles, road safety with automation in mind is being a necessity. Deep Learning techniques offer intelligent alternatives to reduce the loss caused by spotting pothole. The world is connected in such a way that the information can be shared in no time. Using the power of connectivity, we can communicate the information of potholes to other vehicles and also the department of Transportation for necessary action. A significant number of research efforts have been done with a view to help detect potholes in the pavements. In this thesis, we have compared two object detection algorithms belonging to two major classes i.e. single shot detectors and two stage detectors using our dataset. Comparing the results in the Faster RCNN and YOLOv5, we concluded that, potholes take a small portion in image which makes potholes detection with YOLOv5 less accurate than the Faster RCNN, but keeping the speed of detection in mind, we have suggested that YOLOv5 will be a better solution for this task. Using the YOLOv5 model and image processing technique, we calculated approximate area of potholes and visualized the shape of potholes. Thus obtained information can be used by the Department of Transportation for planning necessary construction tasks. Also, we can use these information to warn the drivers about the severity of potholes depending upon the shape and area.
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Road Pothole Detection System Based on Stereo VisionLi, Yaqi 31 August 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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Hydrological and Ecological Analysis of Topographic Structure and Wetland LandscapeWu, Qiusheng 19 October 2015 (has links)
No description available.
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On rating of gravel roadsAlzubaidi, Hossein January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
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On rating of gravel roadsAlzubaidi, Hossein January 2001 (has links)
No description available.
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Smart-Scooter Rider Assistance System using Internet of Wearable Things and Computer Visiongupta, Devansh 21 June 2021 (has links)
No description available.
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An investigation of detecting potholes with UAV LiDAR and UAV PhotogrammetryHedenström, Linus, Eriksson, Sebastian January 2021 (has links)
Potholes are caused by erosion and as such always emerging on our roadnetwork. Potholes may not only cause great damages to vehicles, but can alsocause road accidents, which in the worst case are fatal. Today, the detection ofpotholes is usually based on citizen reports or ocular inspection by vehicle,where a loose description of the potholes properties and location can be given.Recent research has explored the possibility of aerial inspection of paved roadswith the new, cost effective, Structure-from-Motion (SfM) technique, whichcan produce 3D point clouds from photogrammetric data. SfM point cloudshave then been used in conjunction with processing algorithms toautomatically detect and extract potholes from paved surfaces. However, theresults have not been optimal for practical use. The purpose of this study is,therefore, to explore the possibility of using UAV LiDAR for potholedetection in paved roads as a better alternative to the currently popularStructure-from-Motion (SfM) technique. A LiDAR point cloud is derived by alaser scanner and may have several advantages over SfM, for instance, theinsensitivity to poor light conditions and modelling errors. This study is setout to answer how point clouds derived from UAV SfM and UAV LiDARcompare to each other regarding detecting potholes of different sizes, wheredetected potholes will be compared to ground truth data. An elevation check,consisting of 126 height control points along the paved road, will also be usedto evaluate the height accuracy in the clouds. Data collection is done with theUAV system mdLiDAR3000DL aaS containing a RIEGL miniVUX-1DLlaser scanner for LiDAR data and Sony RX1R II 42.4 megapixel camera forSfM data. The data for both methods are collected during the same flight. Theproposed method automatically detects and extracts potholes from a pavedsurface based on the vertical distance to local reference planes which representthe undamaged road surface. The point clouds are filtered in CloudComparebefore imported to TerraScan for detection and extraction of potholes. Theextraction results are then controlled by a set of terrestrial measurements bytotal station. The results show that potholes with a smaller width of at least16.5 cm and a depth of at least 2.7 cm can be detected and extracted frompoint clouds derived by UAV LiDAR at a flight altitude of 30 m. Theextracted potholes had a standard deviation of 1.40 cm in width and 6.7 mmin depth. Shadows on the road caused height anomalies in the point cloudproduced by Structure-from-Motion (SfM), which made pothole detectionimpossible with the proposed methodology. / Potthål skapas genom erosion i vägar och uppstår varje år i vägnätet. Skadornapåverkar inte bara fordonens skick, utan kan även vara orsaken till olyckorsom i vissa fall är dödliga. I dagsläget detekteras potthål genom ockulärt frånfordon av kommunala arbetare eller så rapporteras de in av medborgare via etjänst där en lös beskrivning kan ges angående potthålens egenskaper ochposition.På senare tid har studier utforskat möjligheterna för flygburen inspektion avasfalterade vägar med den nya, kostnadseffektiva, Structure-from-Motion(SfM) tekniken som kan producera 3D-punktmoln från fotogrammetrisk data.Punktmolnen som är framtagna genom denna metod har vidare använtstillsammans med bearbetningsalgoritmer för att detektion och extraktion avpotthål i asfalterade vägar. Dock har resultaten inte varit optimala för attmetoden ska fungera i praktiken. Syftet med den här studien är därför attutforska möjligheten för att använda UAV LiDAR som en bättre metod fördenna process. Punktmoln framtagna genom LiDAR-teknik, mer känt somlaserskanning, kan ha ett flertal potentiella fördelar över SfM som okänslighetmot modelleringsfel och dåliga ljusförhållanden.Denna studie ger svar på hur punktmoln framtagna genom UAV LiDAR ochUAV SfM förhåller sig till varandra när det gäller detektion av potthål i olikastorlekar från asfalterade vägar, där potthålens dimensioner kommer attjämföras mot markbundna kontrollmätningar. Vidare görs en höjdkontrollmot 126 höjdstöd i båda punktmolnen för att jämföra kvaliteten förhöjdmätningar på den asfalterade vägen genom respektive metod.Insamlingen av data gjordes samtidigt under samma flygning för bådametoderna. Drönaren som användes var Microdrones mdLiDAR3000DL aaSmed en RIEGL miniVUX-1DL laserskanner och en Sony RX1R II 42,4megapixelkamera monterad. Mjukvarorna som har använts för bearbetning ärCloudCompare för filtrering av brus med mera och TerraScan för självadetektions -och extraktionsprocessen.Resultatet visar att det är möjligt att extrahera potthål från LiDAR-baseradepunktmoln med en mindre bredd på minst 16,5 cm och ett djup på 2,7 cm.Standardavvikelsen för potthålens bredd är 1,4 cm och 6,7 mm i djup.Grupper av avvikande punkter skapades på vägen i det SfM-baseradepunktmolnen som en följd av ett modelleringsfel i skuggområden på vägen,vilket vidare gjorde detektion -och extraktionsprocessen omöjlig med denframtagna metoden.
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Etude expérimentale et numérique du comportement au gel et au dégel des enrobés bitumineux partiellement saturés / Experimental and numerical study of the behavior in freezing and in thawing conditions of partially saturated bituminous mixesVu, Van Thang 18 December 2017 (has links)
L’apparition massive de nids de poule sur chaussées bitumineuses a été observée en cours d’hiver sur de très courtes périodes de temps, caractérisées par l’alternance entre températures positives et fortement négatives accompagnée de précipitations pluvieuses. Ceci a conduit à rechercher un mécanisme spécifique de dégradation de couches d’enrobés bitumineux (EB) lié au comportement au gel des EB partiellement saturés en eau. Celui-ci a été étudié en laboratoire à partir d’essais à déformation libre ou empêchée, avec ajout de chaux pour certaines formules d’EB.Ces essais ont montré l’apparition de déformations de gonflement ou contraintes importantes induites lors du gel de l’eau interstitielle. D’autres essais utilisant l’IRM ont permis de visualiser le phénomène au sein du matériau. Sur la base de ces essais, nous proposons une loi de comportement thermoviscoélastique avec changement de phase pour EB. Un programme aux éléments finis a été développé (Free Fem++)pour intégrer cette loi dans le calcul de structures ; ce code couple les équations mécaniques et de diffusion de la chaleur prenant également en compte le changement de phase à travers la chaleur latente de solidification de l’eau interstitielle.Après validation du logiciel, celui-ci a été appliqué au calcul de structures bitumineuses bicouches représentatives des couches supérieures d’une chaussée. Les résultats mettent alors en évidence l’apparition de contraintes d’arrachement élevées à l’interface entre couches générées par le gel,susceptibles d’expliquer la formation de nids de poule. Un essai de laboratoire sur bicouche a confirmé la fragilisation de l’interface induite dès le premier cycle de gel. / Massive development of potholes occurring in bituminous pavements was observed during winters over short time laps characterized by temperature alternating between positive and highly negative values along with rainfalls. This led us to seek for a specific mechanism of degradation of asphalt concrete (AC) layers, related to the behavior of partially saturated AC subjected to freeze. Two types of laboratory tests were performed under traction free and restrained strain conditions to study the behavior of AC within this context, incorporating lime additive in some mix design formulations. These tests showed the development of large swelling strains or stresses induced by the phase change of pore water into ice. Additional tests using MRI allowed us to visualize this phenomenon from inside the material specimens. Based on these tests, we developed a thermoviscoelastic constitutive law including phase change for partially saturated AC. A Finite Element (FE) program was implemented (FreeFem++) to introduce the developed law instructural calculations; this FE code handles the coupling between mechanics and the heat equation, also taking into account the phase change through the latent heat of crystallization of pore water. After validating the software, this numerical tool was utilized to compute the response of bilayer bituminous structures representative of the upper layers of a pavement. The results obtained show the development of highfrost-induced pull-out stresses located at the interface between the layers, likely to explain the formation of potholes. A test carried out on a bilayer sample confirmed the weakening of the interface right after the first frost cycle.
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Optimization and Bayesian Modeling of Road Distance for Inventory of Potholes in Gävle Municipality / Optimering och bayesiansk modellering av bilvägsavstånd för inventering av potthål i Gävle kommunLindblom, Timothy Rafael, Tollin, Oskar January 2022 (has links)
Time management and distance evaluation have long been a difficult task for workers and companies. This thesis studies 6712 pothole coordinates in Gävle municipality, and evaluates the minimal total road distance needed to visit each pothole once, and return to an initial pothole. Road distance is approximated using the flight distance and a simple random sample of 113 road distances from Google Maps. Thereafter, the data from the sample along with a Bayesian approach is used to find a distribution of the ratio between road distance and flight distance. Lastly, a solution to the shortest distance is devised using the Nearest Neighbor algorithm (NNA) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Computational work is performed with Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The results provide a minimal road distance of 717 km. / Tidshantering och distansutvärdering är som regel en svår uppgift för arbetare och företag. Den här uppsatsen studerar 6712 potthål i Gävle kommun, och utvärderar den bilväg som på kortast sträcka besöker varje potthål och återgår till den ursprungliga startpunkten. Bilvägsavståndet mellan potthålen uppskattas med hjälp av flygavståndet, där ett obundet slumpmässigt urval av 113 bilvägsavstånd mellan potthålens koordinatpunkter dras. Bilvägsdistanser hittas med hjälp av Google Maps. Därefter används data från urvalet tillsammans med en bayesiansk modell för att hitta en fördelning för förhållandet mellan bilvägsavstånd och flygavstånd. Slutligen framförs en lösning på det kortaste bilvägsavståndet med hjälp av en Nearest Neighbour algoritm (NNA) samt Simulated Annealing (SA). Statistiskt beräkningsarbete utförs med Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). Resultaten ger en kortaste bilvägssträcka på 717 km.
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