La théorie de l’utilité actualisée proposée par Samuelson (1937) est un des paradigmes dominants en économie et en gestion particulièrement en finance où elle sert de socle, entre autres, au Modèle Intertemporel d’Equilibre des Actifs (ICAPM) et à sa version incluant la consommation (ICCAPM). En dépit de cette place, sa validité pour expliquer les préférences temporelles des individus a été questionnée dans des travaux de recherche récents ouvrant la voie à des amendements et à la remise en cause de ce cadre d’analyse. Ces travaux ont introduit, entre autres, le concept de structure par terme du taux d’escompte psychologique. La littérature a proposé sept alternatives à la fonction d’escompte exponentielle contenue dans la version initiale de la théorie de l’utilité actualisée. Il s’agit des fonctions d’escompte de Hernstein, de Harvey, Proportionnelle, de Laibson, de Rachlin, Hyperbolique et Hyperbolique généralisée.Faisant suite à ces travaux, nous avons initié une recherche visant à apporter une réponse à la question relatives aux caractéristiques de la structure par terme du taux d’escompte psychologique d’un individu et les facteurs qui expliquent sa différence d’un individu à l’autre ; ses liens avec les autres dimensions des préférences (face au risque et sociales) individuelles sont explorés par la suite. Il s’est agi d’identifier parmi ces fonctions celles qui sont cohérentes avec les préférences individuelles observées, d’estimer les paramètres associés, d’étudier la cohérence des préférences temporelles d’un individu. Elle s’appuie sur les données issues d’une étude expérimentale basée sur dix huit arbitrages inter-temporels, quatre arbitrages de loteries, le jeu du dictateur, le jeu de l’ultimatum et le jeu de confiance.L’analyse des données a permis de confirmer les résultats précédents sur la violation de la constance du prix psychologique du temps, la cohérence par domaine des préférences temporelles, d’établir que la population étudiée est caractérisée par une hétérogénéité par rapport à la forme de la structure par terme du taux d’escompte psychologique. Les individus sont caractérisés par une fonction d’escompte psychologique de Hernstein, hyperbolique généralisée ou de Laibson. Nous avons trouvé que les caractéristiques démographiques, l’environnement social et l’orientation temporelle expliquent peu les différences de structure par terme de taux d’escompte psychologique. Les différences de niveaux d’application (dimension des traits de personnalités) sont les principaux déterminants de la différence de structure par terme de taux d’escompte psychologique caractéristiques des préférences temporelles. Nous avons enfin établi qu’il existe une faible relation entre les paramètres des préférences temporelles, face au risque et sociales.L’ensemble de ces analyses nous ont permis de dériver des conclusions par rapport aux hypothèses de recherche que nous avons formulées et d’interroger la validité de chacune d’elles dans la perspective de déduire les réponses à la problématique de notre recherche. / The discounted utility theory proposed by Samuelson (1937) is one of the dominant paradigms in economics and management especially in finance where it serves as a basis of the Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) and its version including consumption (ICCAPM). Despite this place, its validity has a framework to explain individuals time preferences has been questioned in recents researches paving the way for amendments and questionings of this framework. Among others, these reseaches introduce the concept of term structure of psychological discount rate. Therefore, a part from exponential discount rate function, we find in the literature seven alternatives discount rate function : Hernstein, proportional, Laibson, Rachlin, Hyperbolic and generalized hyperbolic.Following this work, we initiated a research to provide an answer to the question on the characteristics and driving factors those explain its heterogeneity at an individual level. Thereafter, its relationship with other dimensions of individual preferences (risk and social interaction behavior) are explored. The purpose is to identify among them, the function that is consistent with the observed time preferences, to estimate the underlying parameters and to study the consistency of individual time preference. This research is based on the data collected by experimental study using eighteen time trade-offs, four lottery trade-offs, a dictator game, an ultimatum game and a trust game.Data analysis confirmed previous results on the violation of the time invariant of the psychological value of time hypothesis and established that the studied population is characterized by an heterogeneity with respect to the form of the term structure of psychological discount rate. Individuals are characterized by an Hernstein, Generalized hyperbolic or Laibson psychological discount rate. We found that demographic, social and temporal orientation have a weak link with the individual differences of the term structure of psychological discount rate. Application (a dimension of personality traits) is the most important driving factor of term structure of psychological discount rate forms heterogeneity. We finally established that there is a weak relationship between the parameters of time, risk and social preferences.

I denna uppsats skattas betalningsviljan hos besökarna på Peace & Love-festivalen år 2011. Med hjälp av enkätdata baserad på avslöjade och uttalade preferenser presenteras en regressionsanalys med olika oberoende variabler som karaktäriserar en festivalbesökare. Total budget är den beroende variabeln i regressionsanalysen och tolkas i uppsatsen som ekvivalent med besökarnas betalningsvilja. Analysen visar att män i genomsnitt spenderar 301 kronor mer än kvinnor, att turister i genomsnitt spenderar 1 124 kronor mer än en icke-turist samt att den genomsnittliga besökaren har en betalningsvilja på 4 183 kronor. Ett skattat konsumentöverskott har också värderats, vilket uppgick till 743 kronor per person och cirka 37 miljoner kronor totalt för de 50 000 festivalbesökarna. Uppsatsen tar inte hänsyn till de ekonomiska effekter som festivalen har på Borlänge som stad. / In this thesis the willingness to pay among the visitors of peace & love-festival year 2011 is valued. With survey data based on revealed and stated preferences a regression analysis is presented with different independent variables that characterizes a festival visitor. Total budget is the dependent variable in the regression analysis and is, in this thesis, to be regarded as equivalent to visitors’ willingness to pay. The analysis shows that men in general spend 301 SEK more than women, tourists in general spend 1 124 SEK more than non-tourists and that the average visitor has a willingness to pay valued to 4 183 SEK. A consumer surplus has also been valued, which amounted to 743 SEK per visitor and around 37 million SEK in total for all 50,000 visitors. This thesis does not take into account the economic effects the festival holds on the city of Borlänge.

This study investigated the clothing preferences of large-size women who shopped in selected large-size specialty stores in North Dallas. Questions were asked regarding the respondents' age, employment, income, dress size and degree of fashion-consciousness. Also investigated were preferences regarding apparel and shopping sources. A questionnaire was used to obtain the desired information. Based on the data obtained, it was found that large-size women have certain preferences concerning the clothing they purchase and the sources they shop.

We estimate the willingness-to-pay for conserving crop diversity in the Czech Republic. Discrete choice experiments are used to elicit preferences for the conservation of wine, hop, and fruit tree varieties, while a double-bounded dichotomous choice approach is used to elicit preferences for the conservation of unspecified, "general" crop diversity. The WTP values are derived for both of these contingent products from a sample representative of the general Czech population (n=731) and a sample of respondents living in the South Moravian region that is characterized by agriculture and wine production (n=418). We demonstrate a strong preference for conserving fruit trees over hops and wine varieties, and derive positive mean WTP of the general Czech population (ages 18-69) of 56 Kč ($2.26). Mean WTP for the conservation of general crop diversity is 167 Kč ($6.80). On average, residents of South Moravia have a greater WTP for "general" crop as well as fruit tree conservation. In total, the Czech adult population (ages 18-69) has an aggregate WTP of ~1.25 billion Kč ($50.5 million) for the conservation of general crop diversity, and ~410 million Kč ($16.8 million) for the conservation of fruit trees, revealing the previously unmeasured social welfare benefits of these activities. The estimated benefits...

by Tsang Kwong-ming, Rex. / Bibliography: leaves 79-80 / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985

by Cheng Wai Ming, Ivy, Ma Lok Man, Frandy. / Includes questionaire in Chinese. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leave 67). / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vi / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.viii / CHAPTER / Chapter 1. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Purpose of Study --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Market Overview --- p.1 / Chapter 1.3 --- Market Growth --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Social Environment --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Economic Environment --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Regulatory Environment --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Technological Environment --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Market Share --- p.4 / Chapter 1.5 --- Marketing Strategies of Mobile Service Providers --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5.1 --- Product Strategies --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5.1.1 --- Service Features --- p.5 / Chapter 1.5.1.2 --- Mobile Phone Brands Used --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5.1.3 --- Number of Cell Sites --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5.1.4 --- Network Coverage --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5.1.5 --- Roaming Locations --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5.1.6 --- Customer Service --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5.2 --- Pricing Strategies --- p.7 / Chapter 1.5.3 --- Distribution Strategies --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5.4 --- Promotion Strategies --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5.4.1 --- Advertising --- p.8 / Chapter 1.5.4.2 --- Sales Teams --- p.9 / Chapter 2. --- DECISION PROBLEMS AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVES --- p.13 / Chapter 2.1 --- Decision Problems --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2 --- Research Objectives --- p.14 / Chapter 3. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.16 / Chapter 3.1 --- Attitudes and Attitude Components --- p.16 / Chapter 3.2 --- Multiattribute Attitude Models --- p.17 / Chapter 4. --- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1 --- Exploratory Study --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Literature Search --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- Interviews with Executives --- p.21 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Interviews with Potential Customers --- p.22 / Chapter 4.2 --- Descriptive Study --- p.22 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Survey Population and Sample Size --- p.23 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Sampling and Data Collection Procedure --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- Questionnaire --- p.25 / Chapter 5. --- LIMITATIONS --- p.27 / Chapter 6. --- FINDINGS --- p.29 / Chapter 6.1 --- Exploratory Study --- p.29 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Benefits of Using Mobile Telephone --- p.29 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Evaluative Criteria Used in Selecting Mobile Telephone Service Provider --- p.30 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Types of Information Sought and Sources of Information Used --- p.31 / Chapter 6.2 --- Descriptive Study --- p.32 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Demographic Characteristics of the Respondents --- p.32 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Benefits of Using Mobile Telephone --- p.35 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Decision Making Process of Selecting a Mobile Service Provider --- p.36 / Chapter 6.2.3.1 --- Types of Information Sought by Respondents --- p.36 / Chapter 6.2.3.2 --- Sources of Information --- p.37 / Chapter 6.2.4 --- The Evaluative Criteria Used by Respondents and Their Relative Importance --- p.38 / Chapter 6.2.5 --- Awareness of Mobile Service Providers --- p.39 / Chapter 6.2.6 --- Belief Ratings on the Evaluative Criteria --- p.40 / Chapter 6.2.7 --- Respondents' Attitudes Towards the Mobile Service Providers --- p.41 / Chapter 6.2.8 --- Relationship Between Consumer Attitudes and Brand Preferences --- p.43 / Chapter 6.2.9 --- Market Segmentation --- p.46 / Chapter 6.2.9.1 --- Segmentation by Demographics --- p.46 / Chapter 6.2.9.2 --- Segmentation by Benefits --- p.49 / Chapter 6.2.9.3 --- Segmentation by Attitudes --- p.54 / Chapter 7. --- IMPLICATIONS FOR MARKETING STRATEGIES --- p.59 / Chapter 7.1 --- Competitive Analysis of CSL Against the Other Three Mobile Service Providers in Hong Kong --- p.59 / Chapter 7.2 --- Implications for Marketing Strategies of CSL --- p.60 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Target Market --- p.60 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Product Strategies --- p.61 / Chapter 7.2.3 --- Pricing Strategies --- p.63 / Chapter 7.2.4 --- Distribution Strategies --- p.64 / Chapter 7.2.5 --- Promotion Strategies --- p.64 / Chapter 8. --- CONCLUSION --- p.66 / REFERENCES --- p.67 / APPENDICES --- p.68 / Appendix A Exploratory Study: Executive Interview Guide --- p.68 / Appendix B Exploratory Study: Potential Customers Interview Guide --- p.69 / Appendix C English Version of the Questionnaire --- p.70 / Appendix D Chinese Version of the Questionnaire --- p.77 / Appendix E Findings of the Exploratory Study --- p.87 / Appendix F Agglomeration Coefficients of the Cluster Procedure on Respondents' Ratings on the Benefit Statements --- p.91 / Appendix G Agglomeration Coefficients of the Cluster Procedure on Respondents' Ratings on the Evaluative Criteria --- p.92

by Chow Yiu-wai Janet. / Includes Chinese questionaire. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-78). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / LIST OF EXHIBITS --- p.vii / ACKNOWLEDGMENTS --- p.viii / Chapter / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Objectives --- p.1 / Overview of Sanitary Napkin Market --- p.2 / Chapter II. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.4 / What Are Attitudes? --- p.4 / Methods of Measuring Attitudes --- p.5 / Attitude-Behavior Relationship --- p.9 / Marketing Implications of Studying Attitudes --- p.9 / Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY --- p.11 / Target Group --- p.11 / Sample Size --- p.12 / Selection of Attributes --- p.12 / Preliminary Stage --- p.12 / Exploratory Research --- p.13 / Pretest --- p.14 / Questionnaire Design --- p.15 / Data Collection --- p.16 / Data Analysis --- p.16 / Chapter IV. --- LIMITATIONS --- p.18 / Chapter V. --- RESULTS --- p.21 / The Relative Importance of Product Attributes --- p.21 / Rearrangement of Semantic Differential Scales --- p.23 / Evaluation of the Ideal Brand after Rearrangement --- p.23 / Beliefs about Whisper and Nice Day --- p.24 / Profile Analysis --- p.24 / Attitudes toward Whisper and Nice Day --- p.27 / Difference in Attitudes --- p.27 / Absolute Difference --- p.27 / Favorableness of Brands --- p.29 / Characteristics of the Respondents --- p.30 / Usage Pattern --- p.30 / Actual Buyers and Purchasing Outlets --- p.32 / Demographics --- p.33 / Chapter VI. --- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDE AND BRAND USAGE --- p.34 / Chapter VII. --- "ANALYSES FOR THE TWO GROUPS - WHISPER SIGNIFICANTLY MORE FAVORABLE, AND NICE DAY SIGNIFICANTLY MORE FAVORABLE" --- p.38 / Relative Importance of Attributes as Perceived by Different Groups --- p.38 / The Group Which Perceives Whisper as Significantly More Favorable --- p.40 / The Group Which Perceives Nice Day as Significantly More Favorable --- p.43 / Chapter VII. --- STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS --- p.46 / Strategic Implications for Product Improvement --- p.46 / Strategic Implications for Whisper --- p.49 / Strategic Implications for Nice Day --- p.50 / Chapter IX. --- CONCLUSION --- p.52 / APPENDICES --- p.54 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.77

by Yip Wai-choi. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaf 100. / ABSTRACT --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iv / LIST OF TABLES --- p.vii / PREFACE --- p.viii / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH OBJECTIVES --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- THE COGNAC MARKET IN HONG KONG / The Product --- p.4 / The Market --- p.6 / The Packaging --- p.7 / The Advertising --- p.7 / Summary --- p.10 / Chapter III. --- METHODOLOGY / Research technique --- p.11 / The interviewer --- p.12 / The sample --- p.12 / Measures taken before/during interview --- p.15 / The interview guide --- p.16 / Chapter IV. --- DATA AND FINDINGS / Drinking and purchasing behavious --- p.18 / Brand perception and image --- p.31 / Attitude towards dark frosted and clear bottles --- p.53 / Attitude towards advertising --- p.56 / Chapter V. --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS / Summary --- p.69 / Conclusions --- p.78 / Implications --- p.80 / Chapter APPENDIX 1 --- Qualitative Research of Cognac Market Interview Guide --- p.83 / Chapter APPENDIX 2 --- Bisquit Prestige --- p.87 / Chapter APPENDIX 3 --- Courbet X.O --- p.88 / Chapter APPENDIX 4 --- Courvoisier VSOP --- p.89 / Chapter APPENDIX 5 --- F.O.V --- p.90 / Chapter APPENDIX 6 --- Hennessy VSOP --- p.91 / Chapter APPENDIX 7 --- Martell VSOP --- p.92 / Chapter APPENDIX 8 --- Remy Martin VSOP --- p.93 / Chapter APPENDIX 9 --- Club de Remy --- p.94 / Chapter APPENDIX 10 --- Courvoisier X.O --- p.95 / Chapter APPENDIX 11 --- Hennessy X.O --- p.96 / Chapter APPENDIX 12 --- Martell Cordon Bleu --- p.97 / Chapter APPENDIX 13 --- Martell X.O --- p.98 / Chapter APPENDIX 14 --- Remy Martin X.O --- p.99 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.100

by Monica Cheung Wai, Eppie Wong Yuen Yee. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaf 65. / ABSTRACT --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / ACKNOWLEDEGMENTS --- p.v / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- STUDY OF THE PURCHASE OF DETERGENT POWDER / Chapter 2.1 --- Market Situation for Detergent Powderin Hong Kong --- p.3 / Chapter 2.2 --- Rationale of the Study --- p.4 / Chapter 2.3 --- Scope of the Study --- p.5 / Chapter 2 .4 --- Objectives of the Study --- p.6 / Chapter III. --- LITERATURE REVIEW / Chapter 3.1 --- Relevance of Understanding Consumer Purchase Behaviour in the Marketing Concept --- p.8 / Chapter 3.2 --- Howard Model of Consumer Behaviour --- p.8 / Chapter 3.3 --- "Engel, Kollat and Blackwell Model" --- p.9 / Chapter 3.4 --- Definition of Detergent Powder Purchase --- p.10 / Chapter 3.5 --- Research Findings : Hoyer --- p.11 / Chapter 3.6 --- Choice Tactics in Detergent Powder Purchase --- p.13 / Chapter 3.7 --- Product Information in Memory --- p.16 / Chapter 3.8 --- Applicability of Hoyer's Research Findings --- p.17 / Chapter 3.9 --- Relevance of Judgmental Models in Detergent Powder Purchase --- p.17 / Chapter IV. --- METHODOLOGY AND FRAMEWORK FOR ATTACK / Chapter 4.1 --- The Pilot Study --- p.21 / Chapter 4.2 --- The Observation Phase --- p.22 / Chapter 4.3 --- The Questionnaire Survey --- p.23 / Chapter V. --- SUMMARY OF RESEARCH FINDINGS / Chapter 5.1 --- Observation Survey --- p.27 / Chapter 5.2 --- Salience of Various Evaluative Criteria --- p.28 / Chapter 5.3 --- Propensity for Brand Switching --- p.29 / Chapter 5.4 --- Consumers' Evaluation of the Product Attributes of their Current Brand --- p.32 / Chapter 5 .5 --- Attitude --- p.34 / Chapter 5.6 --- Difference in Purchase Behaviour among Consumers across Demographic Profiles --- p.35 / Chapter 5.7 --- Demographic Profile of the Sample --- p.38 / Chapter VI. --- DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS / Chapter 6.1 --- Decision Process Behaviour and Advertising Strategy --- p.43 / Chapter 6.2 --- Brand Switching Behaviour and Promotional Strategy --- p.45 / Chapter 6.3 --- Satisfaction with Current Brand and Relevance of Promotional Efforts --- p.46 / Chapter 6.4 --- Salience of Evaluative Criteria -- Pricing and Product --- p.47 / Chapter 6.5 --- Purchase Behaviour among Consumers across Demographic Profiles -- and its Marketing Implications --- p.48 / Chapter 6.6 --- Limitations of the Study and Suggestions for Further Research --- p.49 / APPENDICES / Chapter Appendix A: --- Observation Sheet --- p.51 / Chapter Appendix B: --- Schedule of Questionnaire Survey --- p.52 / Chapter Appendix C: --- The Questionnaire (English and Chinese versions) --- p.53 / Chapter Appendix D: --- Research Data --- p.58 / Chapter Appendix E: --- T-test Table- --- p.61 / Chapter Appendix F: --- F-test Table --- p.63 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.65

by Kong Kan, Karen. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 81-82). / EXECUTIVE SUMMARY --- p.i / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGMENT --- p.vi / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / "Marketing Difficulties Start with Chinese Misunderstanding of the Word ""Wine´ح" / Scope of Study --- p.3 / Decision Problem --- p.3 / Research Objectives --- p.3 / Methodology --- p.5 / Research Design --- p.5 / Data Collection Method --- p.7 / Limitations --- p.10 / Chapter II. --- EVALUATING THE MARKET OPPORTUNITY --- p.13 / Environmental Analysis --- p.13 / Macroenvironment --- p.13 / Microenvironment --- p.15 / Company Profile --- p.17 / Competition Profile --- p.19 / Market Share Competition --- p.19 / Fine Wine Segment competition --- p.20 / Regular Wine Segment competition --- p.21 / Consumer Profile --- p.22 / On-premise Sales --- p.22 / Off-premise Sales --- p.22 / Market Potential of Remy Wine Division --- p.22 / Summary of Chapter II --- p.26 / Chapter III. --- THE TARGET MARKET --- p.27 / "Alternative 1: General public as target market, including supermarkets as outlets" --- p.28 / "Alternative 2: General public as target market, maintaining the 4existing retail outlets" --- p.29 / Alternative 3: Middle to high income group as target market maintaining the 4 existing retail outlets --- p.29 / "Alternative 4: Middle to high income group as target market, including supermarkets as outlets" --- p.30 / Best Alternative Justification --- p.30 / Target Market Description --- p.32 / Chapter IV. --- STRATEGY FORMULATION --- p.34 / Marketing Strategies for Young Adults --- p.34 / Product and Price Strategy --- p.34 / Distribution Strategy --- p.38 / Promotional Strategy --- p.39 / Marketing Strategies for Mature Adults --- p.42 / Product and Price Strategy --- p.42 / Distribution Strategy --- p.44 / Promotional Strategy --- p.45 / Marketing Strategies for Mature Market --- p.48 / Product and Price Strategy --- p.49 / Distribution Strategy --- p.49 / Promotional Strategy --- p.49 / Chapter V. --- TIMING AND BUDGETING --- p.51 / Chapter VI. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.55 / EXHIBITS --- p.57 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.79