abstract: Pursuit of an informed approach to interpreting Frédéric Chopin’s music has been increasingly challenging in the twenty-first century. In the process of forming their unique voices, pianists turn to the sound recordings of some of the most notable pianistic figures in history. This document offers a detailed inspection of three revered recordings and, with the help of syntactic analysis, seeks an understanding of the extraordinary interpretational decisions of Alfred Cortot, Arthur Rubinstein and Dinu Lipatti. The examined works are Chopin’s Prelude in C Major, Op. 28, No. 1, and the Largo of the Sonata in B Minor, Op. 58. The analysis of the Prelude compares recorded performances of Alfred Cortot (ca. 1933-1934) and Arthur Rubinstein (ca. 1946) and explains how their vastly different interpretational choices can, through an analytical process, be traced to the harmonic and melodic implications of the score. Likewise, inspection of the Largo focuses on Dinu Lipatti’s performance (ca. 1947) and draws connections between his phrasing and critical characteristics of the movement. All three performances present exquisite examples of a style of expressive playing that seems to have fallen into disuse in the twenty-first century. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the performing style of Cortot, Rubinstein, and Lipatti, and also seeks to show connections between score analysis and interpretational decisions. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Music 2020

Die Aufführung der »Teofane« am 13. 9. 1719 war nicht einfach ein siebenstündiges festliches Opernereignis anlässlich einer Fürstenhochzeit, sondern Teil einer umfangreichen Inszenierung Augusts des Starken, der Macht, Reichtum und Bedeutung der sächsischen Krone in gebührender Weise zur Geltung bringen wollte. Dieses Dramma per musica mit Intrigen und dem lieto fine wird nun durch mehrere Kunstgriffe in Zusammenhang mit dem sächsischen Hofzeremoniell gebracht. Die Aufführung wurde einbezogen in die vom 2. September bis 30. September währenden Hoffestlichkeiten sowie in die Planetenfeste, die vom 10. September (Apoll gewidmet), 12. September (Mars), 15. September (Jupiter), 18. September (Luna), 20. September (Merkur), 23. September (Venus) bis zum 26. September (Saturn) stattfanden. Die Premiere der »Teofane« am 13. September war beziehungsreich nach dem Marsfest am 12. September plaziert. Dort preist der Kriegsgott das Paar, aus dessen Verbindung weitere Helden entstehen werden. Mars wird ein Turnier ausrufen, zu dem längst vergangene glorreiche Helden, die Manen Heinrichs von Sachsen, erscheinen werden. Und er erinnert daran, dass Kurfürst Johann Georg III. bei der Befreiung Wiens vom Türkischen Belagerungsheer 1683 den Österreichern wichtige militärische Hilfe gewährt hat. Auch der deutliche Verweis auf eine Liebeshochzeit, gleichermaßen im Stück wie im Leben, geht über die vom Affekt bestimmte Handlung des Dramma per musica hinaus. Liebe als Grundlage der Ehe zwischen dem Kurprinzen und der Kurprinzessin war eine weitere Botschaft des höfischen Festes, die es zu betonen galt. Deshalb wurde die Reprise der »Teofane« zwei Tage vor dem »Venusfest« angesetzt.

Die Aufführung der »Teofane« am 13. 9. 1719 war nicht einfach ein siebenstündiges festliches Opernereignis anlässlich einer Fürstenhochzeit, sondern Teil einer umfangreichen Inszenierung Augusts des Starken, der Macht, Reichtum und Bedeutung der sächsischen Krone in gebührender Weise zur Geltung bringen wollte. Dieses Dramma per musica mit Intrigen und dem lieto fine wird nun durch mehrere Kunstgriffe in Zusammenhang mit dem sächsischen Hofzeremoniell gebracht. Die Aufführung wurde einbezogen in die vom 2. September bis 30. September währenden Hoffestlichkeiten sowie in die Planetenfeste, die vom 10. September (Apoll gewidmet), 12. September (Mars), 15. September (Jupiter), 18. September (Luna), 20. September (Merkur), 23. September (Venus) bis zum 26. September (Saturn) stattfanden. Die Premiere der »Teofane« am 13. September war beziehungsreich nach dem Marsfest am 12. September plaziert. Dort preist der Kriegsgott das Paar, aus dessen Verbindung weitere Helden entstehen werden. Mars wird ein Turnier ausrufen, zu dem längst vergangene glorreiche Helden, die Manen Heinrichs von Sachsen, erscheinen werden. Und er erinnert daran, dass Kurfürst Johann Georg III. bei der Befreiung Wiens vom Türkischen Belagerungsheer 1683 den Österreichern wichtige militärische Hilfe gewährt hat. Auch der deutliche Verweis auf eine Liebeshochzeit, gleichermaßen im Stück wie im Leben, geht über die vom Affekt bestimmte Handlung des Dramma per musica hinaus. Liebe als Grundlage der Ehe zwischen dem Kurprinzen und der Kurprinzessin war eine weitere Botschaft des höfischen Festes, die es zu betonen galt. Deshalb wurde die Reprise der »Teofane« zwei Tage vor dem »Venusfest« angesetzt.

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Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778–1837) was a leading composer, virtuoso pianist, and well-known pedagogue during the late Classical and early Romantic periods. His music was important and frequently performed during his lifetime, but his piano preludes, Op. 67, seem to have been completely forgotten. These preludes reflect the traditional use of the prelude, with many traditional piano techniques. The influence of Hummel's Op. 67 on the next generations is clearly shown in the similarities in their compositions, especially the works of Chopin. This dissertation includes a formal analysis of the preludes and a discussion of each specific type of piano techniques with practicing suggestions, providing a pedagogical guide for students on how to use Hummel's works to prepare for other composers.

Esta dissertação consiste na tradução comentada do tratado L\'Art de Preluder de Jacques Martin Hotteterre - Le Romain (1674-1763), publicado em Paris em 1719. Este trabalho teve como objetivo ampliar a literatura em língua portuguesa para a flauta doce, tornando-o acessível aos estudantes de música e principalmente aos instrumentistas de sopro que se preocupam com uma performance historicamente orientada. Para tanto, foram estudados termos importantes que circundam a Arte de Preludiar de Hotteterre de acordo com as fontes primárias, como os dicionários setecentistas de Furetière e Brossard, e fontes secundárias, como o dicionário de Benoit. A pesquisa de termos indicou a dimensão retórica de diversos conceitos utilizados no tratado, tais como arte, engenho, capricho, princípios, método etc. Além da pesquisa de elementos gerais pertencentes ao estilo barroco francês, uma biografia do instrumentista e compositor, a relação de suas obras e, ainda, o resgate do significado setecentista do gênero musical \"prelúdio\", são partes integrantes deste trabalho. Este trabalho mostra que a técnica de improvisação apresentada por Hotteterre é baseada em práticas francesas e italianas. Esse fato permitiu conhecer uma nova dimensão da influência italiana na música francesa do início do Setecentos. / This work is a commented translation of the treaty L\'Art de Preluder by Jacques Martin Hotteterre Le Romain (1674-1783), published in Paris in 1719. The purpose of this work is to extend the recorder references in Portuguese language, making it accessible to music students and wind musicians that care about historical performance. For that, all-important terms that were used in the treaty were studied with the primary sources, like Brossard and Furetières eighteenth dictionaries, and with secondary sources, like the Benoit Dictionary. This research of terms points to a rhetorical dimension of various terms used in the treated, like art, wit (ingenium), caprice, principles, method, etc. Beyond the research of French styles general elements, a musician composers biography, his works list, and so the eighteenth means of the prelude musical genre, are part of this work. The research points that Hotteterres improvisation technique is based in Italian and French practices. This fact allowed to know a new dimension of the Italian influence in the French early eighteenth century music.

Esta dissertação consiste na tradução comentada do tratado L\'Art de Preluder de Jacques Martin Hotteterre - Le Romain (1674-1763), publicado em Paris em 1719. Este trabalho teve como objetivo ampliar a literatura em língua portuguesa para a flauta doce, tornando-o acessível aos estudantes de música e principalmente aos instrumentistas de sopro que se preocupam com uma performance historicamente orientada. Para tanto, foram estudados termos importantes que circundam a Arte de Preludiar de Hotteterre de acordo com as fontes primárias, como os dicionários setecentistas de Furetière e Brossard, e fontes secundárias, como o dicionário de Benoit. A pesquisa de termos indicou a dimensão retórica de diversos conceitos utilizados no tratado, tais como arte, engenho, capricho, princípios, método etc. Além da pesquisa de elementos gerais pertencentes ao estilo barroco francês, uma biografia do instrumentista e compositor, a relação de suas obras e, ainda, o resgate do significado setecentista do gênero musical \"prelúdio\", são partes integrantes deste trabalho. Este trabalho mostra que a técnica de improvisação apresentada por Hotteterre é baseada em práticas francesas e italianas. Esse fato permitiu conhecer uma nova dimensão da influência italiana na música francesa do início do Setecentos. / This work is a commented translation of the treaty L\'Art de Preluder by Jacques Martin Hotteterre Le Romain (1674-1783), published in Paris in 1719. The purpose of this work is to extend the recorder references in Portuguese language, making it accessible to music students and wind musicians that care about historical performance. For that, all-important terms that were used in the treaty were studied with the primary sources, like Brossard and Furetières eighteenth dictionaries, and with secondary sources, like the Benoit Dictionary. This research of terms points to a rhetorical dimension of various terms used in the treated, like art, wit (ingenium), caprice, principles, method, etc. Beyond the research of French styles general elements, a musician composers biography, his works list, and so the eighteenth means of the prelude musical genre, are part of this work. The research points that Hotteterres improvisation technique is based in Italian and French practices. This fact allowed to know a new dimension of the Italian influence in the French early eighteenth century music.

Claude Debussy's Prelude a l’apres-midi d’un faune [Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun] opens with an unaccompanied flute solo that famously tests breath control, tone production, and capacity for musical expression. All aspiring flutists must master this solo, because it is frequently requested on orchestral and collegiate auditions. To aid flutists in their preparation, many notable pedagogues and performers have provided written and verbal commentary with suggestions for crafting a successful performance; however, it is unclear whether or not actual performances reflect these teachings. In other words, do the pedagogues practice what they preach? This study uses audio analysis to objectively analyze quantifiable aspects of ninety years of recordings of Prelude a l’apres-midi d’un faune and compares the results to current pedagogy. This study’s findings fall into four categories: (1) breath placement, (2) tempo and rubato, (3) vibrato, and (4) general expression. Because of the influence and historical significance of American flutist William Kincaid, a giant of twentieth-century performance and pedagogy, special consideration is given to specific recordings and teaching of Kincaid. The analysis that follows demonstrates disparity between performance practice and pedagogy and will allow flute students and teachers to make better-informed decisions interpreting Prelude a l’apres-midi d’un faune.

Orientador: Roberto Cesar Pires / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T18:29:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ronqui_PauloAdriano_D.pdf: 3859164 bytes, checksum: 420c2d572490cf1895bccf44bf668277 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Ciente da necessidade e importância de trabalhos direcionados ao estudo do naipe de trompete em obras sinfônicas brasileiras, esta pesquisa se propôs a investigar a constituição do naipe de trompete e cornet nos Prelúdios e Sinfonias das óperas de Antônio Carlos Gomes. Com esse objetivo, estudou-se a contribuição instrumental de Carlos Gomes para a música brasileira e italiana no século XIX, além da evolução na construção dos trompetes de válvula na Europa e o uso precoce desses instrumentos por Gomes no Brasil. Por meio dessa investigação, comprovou-se a originalidade no emprego de diferentes conotações de naipe de trompete e cornet realizada em ambos os países pelo compositor campineiro. O trabalho de performance da pesquisa, deu-se através da reedição das partituras do naipe de trompete e cornet das obras estudadas, a partir dos manuscritos autógrafos. Completada a edição, selecionaram-se os trechos musicais mais relevantes para o naipe, às quais se propuseram sugestões interpretativas. Após esse trabalho, os excertos escolhidos foram gravados, a fim de oferecer referencial auditivo / Abstract: Aware of the need and importance of works aimed to study the trumpet section in brazilian symphonic works, this research intends to investigate the formation of trumpet and cornet section in the Preludes and Symphonies from Antonio Carlos Gomes' operas. For this purpose, was studied the instrumental contribution of Carlos Gomes for the Italian and Brazilian music in the nineteenth century, as well as the developments in the construction of the trumpet valve in Europe and the early use of these instruments by Gomes in Brazil. With this research, we can prove the originality of using of different connotations of the trumpet and the cornet section in both countries by the campineiro composer. The performance work of this research was made with the reedition of the trumpet and cornet section's score by using the autograph manuscripts. Completed the edition were selected the most relevant musical excerpts to the section, which were proposed interpretative suggestions. After this work the excerpts chosen were recorded in order to provide a hearing reference / Doutorado / Musica / Doutor em Música

Scholars have repeatedly contrasted the 1805 and 1850 versions of William Wordsworth’s The Prelude since the discovery and publication of the former by Ernest De Sélincourt in 1926. Points of contention have included the 1850 poem’s grammatical revisions and shifts toward greater political and religious orthodoxy. While these discussions have waned in recent decades, digital humanities tools allow us to revisit oft-debated texts through new lenses. Wanting to examine scholarly claims about The Prelude from a digital humanities perspective, I collaborated with Dr. Billy Hall to enter both versions of the poem into a data analysis and visualization tool, which displayed the results in topic-modeling outputs and most-frequent-words lists. The 1805 and 1850 topic modeling outputs were essentially identical to one another, suggesting either that scholars have overstated differences between the versions or that the themes of the poem may have evolved in ways not easily captured by my digital humanities methods. On the other hand, the most-frequent-words lists revealed some notable discrepancies between the two Preludes. One set of lists included articles, conjunctions, pronouns, and linking verbs (otherwise known as “stop words”), demonstrating, for instance, that the word “was” appeared with significantly less frequency in the 1850 Prelude. I found that other linking verbs also decreased in the 1850 Prelude, and this discovery prompted me to conduct a stylistic analysis of said verbs. Knowing that a raw statistical count of linking verbs in both texts would reveal only an incomplete portrait of Wordsworth’s shifting verb usage, I divided the verb revisions into two primary categories: replacements of linking verbs with dynamic verbs and descriptors, and removals of lines containing linking verbs. While scholars have previously highlighted the replacement of linking verbs with dynamic verbs and descriptors in the 1850 Prelude, these revisions only account for 30% of the 1850 linking verb revisions. In fact, the majority of linking verb revisions consist of removed 1805 lines. Many of these lines are declarative statements—the removal of which suggests that Wordsworth preferred, in some cases, a less prescriptive approach in the 1850 Prelude.