Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a health concern that is over-represented among First Nations peoples. Optimal prenatal nutrition plays a role in the severity of FASD. Prenatal nutrition as it relates to fetal brain development and fetal alcohol exposure is an under-researched area, especially among pregnant First Nations women. Finding current dietary intake patterns of pregnant women who drink alcohol could lead to developing a nutrition provision strategy. However, there is no appropriate dietary assessment research tool that is specific to this population. This study aims to develop an effective, culturally appropriate and interactive dietary assessment research tool using participatory methods to engage with women and communities in the process. We used community health priorities forums, information sessions, volunteering, collaboration with programs, and a trauma-informed approach as methods to engage with pregnant women. To develop the research tool, top sources of fetal brain development nutrients were determined for the food frequency component, several prenatal health workers reviewed the tool, and a pre-test with 20 pregnant women of the target population was completed. Pre-test results show the tool is being well-received. All of this ground work will help pave a path for further prenatal nutrition research with First Nations women. This research will inform programs and policies which strive to improve food and nutrition security and reduce the severity of FASD. / October 2015

Optimal maternal nutritional status is required for development of a healthy infant. Drinking during pregnancy puts mothers at risk for nutrient deficiencies, endangering the health of the fetus and increasing the risk of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD). The current body of research has focused on interventions using nutrients important to fetal brain development (choline, DHA, folate, vitamin A, zinc) to reduce FASD in animal models. Whether mothers at risk for having a baby with FASD are consuming adequate amounts of these nutrients during pregnancy is unknown, due to a lack of sufficient research data. Therefore, this study aims to identify intake of nutrients important to fetal brain development in pregnant mothers. Through community engagement and partnerships with Mount Carmel Clinic and other prenatal programs located in Point Douglas and Downtown Winnipeg, 56 pregnant women were recruited and interviewed. Findings show that intake of certain nutrients important to fetal brain development are not being consumed in recommended amounts. While most participants met the Dietary Reference Intakes for zinc and vitamin A, only 44.6% met recommendations for folate, 48.2% for choline, and 16.1% for DHA. Dietary intake was not significantly different between women with alcohol exposure during pregnancy and those without. These results are important due to the high rate (46%) of women with prenatal alcohol exposure. Study outcomes may provide future nutrition interventions to enhance the health of mothers consuming alcohol during pregnancy and their infants, potentially reducing the effects of FASD. / October 2016

This study explores the relationship between tourism, the nutrition transition, and prenatal dietary practices in the Monteverde Zone, Costa Rica. This rural tourism community, located in the central highlands of Costa Rica, has seen rapid growth and development since the tourism boom in the early 1990s, leading to changes in the local food system and increased food insecurity. This investigation added to this work by identifying the ways that prenatal dietary practices have shifted over time in the context of increased tourism and the concomitant nutrition transition, and by describing the relationship between food insecurity and nutritional status among pregnant women. In applying a critical biocultural approach, this study drew on both quantitative and qualitative methods. Pregnant women were recruited to participant in twenty-four hour diet recalls (n=21), the Household Food Insecurity and Access Scales (n=20), and semi-structured interviews (n=22). Women who had older children were also recruited for semi-structured interviews (n=20) to explore prenatal dietary practices and decision-making over time. Focus groups (N=2, n=15) and surveys with a free listing component (n=52) were administered to better understand the cultural construction of nutrition in this region, and how tourism and the nutrition transition have interacted with the local dietary norms. Overall this study found that there was a relationship between tourism, the nutrition transition, and diet, although findings suggest that pregnant women may be buffered from these effects by cultural factors. Food insecurity was present in the sample (n=7) and was associated with numerous variables, including saturated fat and zinc intake.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a prenatal and postnatal nutrition and lactation consulting facility in either of two locations in the Tidewater region of Virginia, Virginia Beach or Williamsburg. Experts in nutrition and lactation, a registered dietitian and licensed lactation consultant, would be the ideal means of providing adequate nutritional and lactation advice for the mother and infant to foster healthy, optimal pregnancy outcomes and lactation success. A web-based search for adequate data on the demographic sketches of the two cities was done to develop an understanding of meeting the needs of the target population for this type of facility. Women of higher socioeconomic status, higher education level, and with emotional support from spouse/family were targeted. This study will act as the initial step in conducting further research in development of a business plan for a potential facility.

Orientador: Maria Antonieta de Barros Leite Carvalhaes / Resumo: Objetivos: Identificar padrões alimentares de duas coortes de gestantes e diferenças na adesão a estes padrões segundo trimestres gestacionais e características das gestantes: de escolaridade, idade, nível socioeconômico, trabalhar fora, morar com companheiro, fumar antes da gestação, ingerir bebida alcóolica antes da gestação, paridade, ser da cor branca e estado nutricional pré-gestacional. Métodos: A fonte dos dados foi o estudo “Impacto de intervenção para promoção de caminhada no lazer e alimentação saudável em gestantes atendidas pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família: um estudo de coorte controlado”. Em cada trimestre gestacional foram realizados dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas: um por entrevista presencial e outro por telefone, um referente a final de semana/feriado. Os inquéritos foram digitados no software Nutrition Data System for Research. Os alimentos com características semelhantes foram agrupados em 39 grupos, sendo a identificação dos padrões realizada por análise de componentes principais, utilizando a média de consumo de cada grupo nos dois recordatórios de cada trimestre. Foi realizada rotação ortogonal varimax, considerando cargas fatoriais rotacionadas acima de |0,30|. Foram calculados os escores de adesão das gestantes a cada padrão identificado e posteriormente divididos em tercis. As diferenças relativas aos trimestres gestacionais foram testadas pelo teste de diferença de proporções; associação entre os padrões e as características maternas re... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Objectives: To identify dietary patterns of two cohorts of pregnant women and differences in adherence to these patterns by gestational trimesters and characteristics of pregnant women: years of schooling, age, socioeconomic status, work outside the home, living with a partner, smoking before pregnancy, eat drink alcoholic before pregnancy, parity, be of white color and pre-gestational nutritional status. Methods: The data source was the study "Impact of an intervention to promote walking during leisure time and healthy eating in pregnant women attending the Family Health Strategy: a controlled cohort study”. At each trimester, there were two dietary recalls of 24 hours: one by personal interview and another by telephone, one referring to weekend/holiday. The surveys form entered in the software Nutrition Data System for Research. Foods with similar characteristics were grouped into 39 groups, with the identification of patterns performed by factorial principal component analysis using the average consumption of each food group in both recalls obtained in each trimester. Varimax orthogonal rotation was carried out, considering the significant food groups rotated factor loadings above |0.30|. The adhesion scores were calculated for pregnant women for each dietary pattern identified and subsequently divided into tertiles. The differences related to gestational trimesters were tested by the proportions difference test; association between the patterns and maternal characteristic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

In Ethiopia, 17% of pregnant women ages 18-49 are malnourished and have low awareness of prenatal nutrition, which may relate to increasingly high rates of maternal and infant mortality. The purpose of this mixed methods research study was to determine the effects of a community-based prenatal nutrition education intervention program on maternal nutrition knowledge and attitudes in the Alaje district of Ethiopia. The theoretical framework was Sen's capability theory of poverty, in which opportunities can lead to well-being and promote economic development. Research questions focused on the relationships among 8 independent variables-age, income source, degree of program implementation, marital status, education, number of pregnancies, number of children, and occupation-with respect to maternal nutrition knowledge and attitudes. Health workers recruited 135 pregnant and non-pregnant women in each of 2 villages: Dejen (control village) and Takha (experimental village), totaling 270 participants. The community intervention program was an add-on to the Ethiopian government's nutrition program and provided information on portion sizes, the importance of eating an extra meal each day, and obtaining adequate rest during pregnancy. Data from customized pretest and posttest focus groups and surveys were collected. Focus groups were analyzed manually and surveys were analyzed using 1-way ANOVAs and descriptive statistical analyses. The key findings were that the women in Takha had significantly greater knowledge of the importance of prenatal health requirements. The implications for positive social change include recommendations for policy makers about proper dietary practices in order to improve pregnancy outcomes related to maternal malnutrition.

Submitted by CAROLINE DE BARROS GOMES null (carol.bgomes@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-03T19:06:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Caroline Gomes.pdf: 1246184 bytes, checksum: 7b2e1fd7ffd21a1608fdda569ac3ece3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-03-04T16:52:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_cb_me_bot.pdf: 1246184 bytes, checksum: 7b2e1fd7ffd21a1608fdda569ac3ece3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-04T16:52:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 gomes_cb_me_bot.pdf: 1246184 bytes, checksum: 7b2e1fd7ffd21a1608fdda569ac3ece3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Objetivos: Identificar padrões alimentares de duas coortes de gestantes e diferenças na adesão a estes padrões segundo trimestres gestacionais e características das gestantes: de escolaridade, idade, nível socioeconômico, trabalhar fora, morar com companheiro, fumar antes da gestação, ingerir bebida alcóolica antes da gestação, paridade, ser da cor branca e estado nutricional pré-gestacional. Métodos: A fonte dos dados foi o estudo “Impacto de intervenção para promoção de caminhada no lazer e alimentação saudável em gestantes atendidas pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família: um estudo de coorte controlado”. Em cada trimestre gestacional foram realizados dois recordatórios alimentares de 24 horas: um por entrevista presencial e outro por telefone, um referente a final de semana/feriado. Os inquéritos foram digitados no software Nutrition Data System for Research. Os alimentos com características semelhantes foram agrupados em 39 grupos, sendo a identificação dos padrões realizada por análise de componentes principais, utilizando a média de consumo de cada grupo nos dois recordatórios de cada trimestre. Foi realizada rotação ortogonal varimax, considerando cargas fatoriais rotacionadas acima de |0,30|. Foram calculados os escores de adesão das gestantes a cada padrão identificado e posteriormente divididos em tercis. As diferenças relativas aos trimestres gestacionais foram testadas pelo teste de diferença de proporções; associação entre os padrões e as características maternas realizada através de regressão logística multivariada, ajustada por coorte. Todos os testes foram realizados considerando p<0,05 como nível de significância. Resultados: Foram identificados três padrões: Brasileiro Tradicional; Predominantemente Ultraprocessado e Carne Bovina; Integral, Frutas, Legumes e Leite com baixo teor de gordura e derivados. Houve redução na frequência de gestantes no primeiro tercil e aumento no terceiro tercil do padrão Brasileiro Tradicional com o avançar da gestação e aumento na frequência no tercil de maior adesão do padrão Predominantemente Ultraprocessado e Carne Bovina. Um quarto das gestantes apresentaram-se nos mesmos tercis de adesão dos padrões durante os três trimestres. Dentre as variáveis investigadas, trabalhar fora de casa (p=0,041) e ser da cor não branca (p=0,046) aumentaram as chances de estar no tercil de maior adesão do padrão Brasileiro Tradicional. As gestantes mais novas mostraram maior adesão ao padrão Predominantemente Ultraprocessado e Carne Bovina (p=0,002). Não morar com companheiro (p=0,003), ingerir bebida alcóolica pré-gestacional (p=0,006) e o avançar dos trimestres gestacionais (p=0,002) também aumentaram as chances de maior adesão a este padrão. Gestantes não brancas e com excesso de peso (versus eutróficas) apresentaram menos chances de estarem no tercil de maior adesão deste padrão (p<0,001; p=0,05). Gestantes com escolaridade intermediária, frente àquelas com 11 ou mais anos de estudo, apresentaram menos chances de estarem no terceiro tercil do padrão Integral, Frutas, Legumes e Leite com baixo teor de gordura e derivados (p=0,007), assim como as das classes C e D/E frente às da classe B (p=0,05). Conclusão: Foram identificados três padrões alimentares dentre as gestantes estudadas, sendo observado um aumento significativo na adesão aos padrões Brasileiro Tradicional e Predominantemente Ultraprocessado e Carne Bovina com o avançar da gestação e diferentes características sociodemográficas, comportamentais, obstétricas e nutricionais associadas a adesão de cada padrão. / Objectives: To identify dietary patterns of two cohorts of pregnant women and differences in adherence to these patterns by gestational trimesters and characteristics of pregnant women: years of schooling, age, socioeconomic status, work outside the home, living with a partner, smoking before pregnancy, eat drink alcoholic before pregnancy, parity, be of white color and pre-gestational nutritional status. Methods: The data source was the study "Impact of an intervention to promote walking during leisure time and healthy eating in pregnant women attending the Family Health Strategy: a controlled cohort study”. At each trimester, there were two dietary recalls of 24 hours: one by personal interview and another by telephone, one referring to weekend/holiday. The surveys form entered in the software Nutrition Data System for Research. Foods with similar characteristics were grouped into 39 groups, with the identification of patterns performed by factorial principal component analysis using the average consumption of each food group in both recalls obtained in each trimester. Varimax orthogonal rotation was carried out, considering the significant food groups rotated factor loadings above |0.30|. The adhesion scores were calculated for pregnant women for each dietary pattern identified and subsequently divided into tertiles. The differences related to gestational trimesters were tested by the proportions difference test; association between the patterns and maternal characteristics was performed using multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for cohort. All tests were performed considering p <0.05 as level of significance. Results: Three patterns were identified: Traditional Brazilian; Predominantly Ultra-processed and beef; Integral, fruits, legumes, low fat milk and derivatives. There was a reduction in the frequency of pregnant women in the first tertile and an increase in the third tertile in Traditional Brazilian pattern with the advancing gestation, and an increased on frequency in greater adherence tertile of the Predominantly Ultra-processed and beef pattern. A quarter of the women presented in the same patterns adherence tertiles during the three trimesters. Among the variables investigated, work outside the home (p=0.041) and be nonwhite (p=0.046) increased the odds of being in the highest tertile of adherence Traditional Brazilian pattern. Younger pregnant women showed greater adherence to Predominantly Ultra-processed and beef pattern (p=0.002). Not living with a partner (p=0.002), drink alcoholic beverages before pregnancy (p=0.006) and the advance of gestational trimesters (p=0.002) also increased the chances of greater adherence to this pattern. Nonwhite pregnant women and overweight (versus normal weight) were less likely to be in greater adherence tertile of the same pattern (p<0.001; p=0.05. Pregnant women with intermediate education, compared to those with 11 or more years of study, had fewer chances of being in the third tertile of Integral, fruits, legumes, low fat milk and derivatives pattern (p=0.007), as well those from class C and D / E, compared to class B (p=0,05). Conclusion: Three dietary patterns were identified among pregnant women from Botucatu. A significant increase was observed in adherence to Traditional Brazilian and Ultra-processed patterns with advancing gestation and different socio demographic, behavioral, obstetric and nutritional characteristics associated with adhesion of each pattern. / FAPESP: 2014/06865-6

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:29:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao de mestrado barbara miranda ferreira.pdf: 429667 bytes, checksum: d95226fbacb3328ed858bfd9c2fdc8cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-12 / The excessive gestational weight gain can cause harmful consequences for both the mother and for the fetus. Nutritional, lifestyle, economic and social factors can affect the weight gain above recommendations. Objectives: To evaluate the nutritional (caloric intake, macro and micronutrients), lifestyle (smoking, physical activity, reproductive behavior) and economic (income) factors associated with the excessive weight gain in eutrophic pregnant women. Methods: This case-control study included 200 low-risk pregnant women in 2 public obstetric hospitals in Goiás, Brazil. The women that agreed to this study were divided in 2 groups: cases with excessive weight gain (> 16Kg) and controls within the recommended weight gain for eutrophic pregnant (11.50 < a < 16Kg), matched on age. The women were inquired about their food intake during the gestational period, by means of a quantitative and qualitative food-frequency questionnaire validated and adapted to the low income regional people. The women were inquired about their economic and lifestyle conditions, too. The software for statistical analyze were the SPSS version 17.0. Were used the folowing tests: Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Fisher, Student´s t, chi-square (x²), odds ratio (CI 95%), Mann-Whitney, Spearman´s correlation coefficient and multivariate linear regression. Results: The median age was 25.00 (22.00-29.00) years-old for cases and 24.00 (22.00-28.00) years-old for controls (p=0.52). The median per capita income was R$ 303.75 (225.60-500.00) for cases and R$ 333.33 (175.00-480.00) for controls (p=0.41). The median education level was 10.50 (9.00-12.00) years for cases and 11.00 (9.00-12.00) years for controls (p=0.77). There was 13.00 (13%) smokers among cases and 8.00 (8%) among controls (p=0.25). The frequency of regular physical activity was 28.00 (28%) pregnant women among cases and 31.00 (31%) among controls (p=0.65). About the reproductive behavior, there were no differences between groups for the parity (p=0.45) and abortion (p=0.90). The birth interval was 27.00 (0.00-60.75) months in cases and 22.50 (0.00-47.75) in controls (p=0.34). The following variables showed in the univariate analysis a significant correlation coefficient (&#961;) to the weight gain: calories = 0.15 (p=0.04), protein = 0.16 (p=0.03), total cholesterol = 0.21 (p<0.01), retinol = 0.21 (p<0.01), iron = 0.18 (p=0.01), zinc = 0.15 (p=0.04), selenium = 0.19 (p<0.01) and phosphorus = 0.16 (p=0.03). The median of the satured fat intake was 36.57 grams (23.37 51.06) in the case group and 28.21 grams (19.92 41.90) in the control group (p=0.04). In the multivariate analysis the protein intake was the only independente variable associated with excessive pregnant weight gain. Conclusion: The factors associated with the excessive weight gain in the group of cases were total caloric intake, proteins, satured fat, cholesterol, retinol, iron, zinc, selenium and phosphorus, and in special, the protein intake. Lifestyle and economic factors didn t affect weight gain. / O ganho ponderal excessivo na gestação pode trazer consequências maléficas tanto para a mãe quanto para o feto. Fatores sociais, econômicos, de estilo de vida e nutricionais podem ser responsáveis por este ganho de peso acima das recomendações. Objetivos: Avaliar os fatores econômicos (renda), de estilo de vida (tabagismo, prática de atividade física, comportamento reprodutivo) e nutricionais (consumo calórico, macro e micronutrientes) que podem estar relacionados ao ganho de peso excessivo em gestantes eutróficas. Metodologia: Este estudo de caso-controle incluiu 200 gestantes de baixo risco obstétrico de 2 maternidades públicas do Estado de Goiás. Todas as gestantes que concordaram em participar do estudo foram divididas em 2 grupos: casos com ganho de peso excessivo (> 16Kg) e controles com ganho de peso dentro do recomendado (11,50 < a < 16Kg), pareados por idade. As mulheres foram entrevistadas com relação ao seu consumo alimentar durante o período gestacional através de um questionário quantitativo e qualitativo de frequência de consumo alimentar validado e adaptado à população regional de baixa renda. Elas também foram questionadas sobre sua condição econômica e de estilo de vida. A análise estatística foi realizada através do programa SPSS, versão 17.0. Foram aplicados os testes de Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Fisher, t de Student, qui-quadrado (x²), odds ratio (IC 95%), Mann-Whitney, coeficiente de correlação de Spearman e regressão linear multivariada. Resultados: A mediana da idade das pacientes foi 25,00 (22,00-29,00) anos para os casos e 24,00 (22,00-28,00) anos para os controles (p=0,52). A renda per capita foi de R$ 303,75 (225,60-500,00) para casos e R$ 333,33 (175,00-480,00) para controles (p=0,41). A mediana de escolaridade foi de 10,50 (9,00-12,00) anos para casos e 11,00 (9,00-12,00) anos para controles (p=0,77). Houve 13,00 (13%) fumantes no grupo de casos e 8,00 (8%) no grupo de controles (p=0,25). A frequência da prática de atividade física regular foi de 28,00 (28%) das gestantes nos casos e 31,00 (31%) nos controles (p=0,65). Em relação ao comportamento reprodutivo, não houve diferenças entre a frequência de paridade (p=0,45) e abortos (p=0,90) entre os grupos. O intervalo intergestacional foi de 27,00 (0,00-60,75) meses entre os casos e de 22,50 (0,00-47,75) meses entre os controles (p=0,34). As seguintes variáveis apresentaram na análise univariada um coeficiente de correlação (&#961;) com o ganho de peso significante: calorias = 0,15 (p=0,04), proteínas = 0,16 (p=0,03), colesterol total = 0,21 (p<0,01), retinol = 0,21 (p<0,01), ferro = 0,18 (p=0,01), zinco = 0,15 (p=0,04), selênio = 0,19 (p<0,01) e fósforo = 0,16 (p=0,03). A mediana do consumo de gordura saturada foi de 36,57 gramas (23,37 - 51,06) no grupo de casos e 28,21 gramas (19,92 - 41,90) no grupo controle (p=0,04). Na análise multivariada o consumo protéico foi a única variável independente relacionada ao ganho de peso excessivo na gestação. Conclusão: O consumo calórico, as proteínas, a gordura saturada, o colesterol, o retinol, ferro, zinco, selênio e fósforo estiveram relacionados ao maior ganho ponderal observado no grupo de casos, em especial o consumo protéico. Os fatores econômicos e de estilo de vida não influenciaram o ganho de peso.

Objetivo: analisar o consumo alimentar de energia, macronutrientes e ácidos graxos, de gestantes com insuficiência placentária, comparando com gestantes sem esta complicação obstétrica. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, transversal e caso-controle realizado no período de fevereiro de 2012 a setembro de 2013, que incluiu gestantes que preencheram os seguintes critérios: gestação com feto único e vivo; idade gestacional superior a 26 semanas completas; diagnóstico de insuficiência placentária caracterizada pelo exame de Doppler de artéria umbilical com índice de pulsatilidade acima do p95; morfologia fetal normal ao exame de ultrassonografia; ausência de diagnóstico de diabetes; não suplementação pré-natal com ácidos graxos. Foram adotados os seguintes critérios de exclusão: diagnóstico pós-natal de anomalia do recém-nascido. O estado nutricional da gestante foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o consumo dietético foi investigado pela aplicação do questionário de frequência alimentar, analisado pelo programa Avanutri Revolution versão 4.0, pelo qual se obteve o consumo de energia, macronutrientes (carboidratos, proteínas e lipídios) e de ácidos graxos (saturados, poli-insaturados e monoinsaturados). Foram analisados os valores absolutos obtidos e a % do valor energético total (VET) da dieta. Resultados: Foram incluídas 21 gestantes no grupo com insuficiência placentária e 21 gestantes no grupo controle. Não se constatou diferença na mediana do IMC na comparação entre os grupos (grupo estudo=26,5 kg/m2, grupo controle=28,0kg/m2; P=0,563). Houve diferença significativa na comparação do grupo com insuficiência placentária com o grupo controle na análise do consumo alimentar de: energia (2002 kcal vs. 1515 kcal, p= 0,021). Com relação ao consumo de ácidos graxos, houve diferença significativa na comparação da % do VET entre os grupos com insuficiência placentária e controle: saturados (11,5% vs. 9,3%; p=0,043); poli saturados (2,7% vs. 3,6%; p=0,029); monoinsaturados (1,2 % vs. 2,1%; p= 0,005). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na qualidade da dieta entre os grupos quanto ao consumo avaliado de acordo com a % do VET: carboidratos (51,5% vs. 51,8%; p= 0,831); proteínas (15,3% vs. 16,1%; p= 0,458); lipídios totais (37,8% vs. 33,0%; p=0,831). Conclusão: Gestantes com o diagnóstico de insuficiência placentária relatam consumo alimentar diferente de gestantes que não apresentam esse diagnóstico, com dieta de ácidos graxos com qualidade inferior, notadamente com maior consumo de ácidos graxos saturados, e menor consumo de poli-insaturados e monoinsaturados, além de maior consumo de energia / Objective: To analyze the dietary intake of energy, macronutrients and fatty acids of pregnant women with placental insufficiency, and to compare with pregnant women without this obstetric complication Methods : A prospective, cross-sectional and case -control study from February 2012 to September 2013, which included women who met the following criteria: singleton pregnancy with fetus alive; above 26 weeks gestation; diagnosis of placental insufficiency characterized by umbilical artery Doppler presenting pulsatility index above the p95; normal fetal morphology at ultrasound, absence of diabetes, absence of prenatal supplementation with fatty acids. We used the following exclusion criteria: neonatal diagnosis of malformation. The maternal nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and dietary intake was investigated by applying the food frequency questionnaire analyzed by the program Avanutri Revolution version 4.0 , which was obtained by the consumption of energy, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids) and fatty acids (saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated). We analyzed the absolute values and the % of total energy value (TEV). Results: We included 21 pregnant women in the study group with placental insufficiency and 21 pregnant women in the control group. There was no difference in median BMI between the groups (study group = 26.5 kg/m2, control group = 28.0 kg/m2, P = 0.563). Significant difference was found when the group with placental insufficiency was compared with the control group in food consumption of energy (2002kcal vs. 1515 kcal, p = 0.021). With regard to the consumption of fatty acids, there was a significant difference in the percentages of daily energy intake between the group with placental insufficiency and control group: saturated fatty acids(11.5% vs. . 9.3% , p = 0.043), polyunsaturated fatty acids(2.7 % vs. 3.6% , p = 0.029), monounsaturated fatty acids(1.2% vs. 2.1% , p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in diet quality between the groups regarding the consumption evaluated according to the % of VET: carbohydrates ( 51.5 % vs. 51.8 %, p = 0.831 ), protein (15.3 % vs. 16.1 %, p = 0.458), total fat (37.8 % vs. 33.0 %, p = 0.831) . Conclusion: Pregnant women with the diagnosis of placental insufficiency reported food consumption other than pregnant women who do not have this diagnosis with lower quality of dietary fatty acids consumption, especially with higher intake of saturated fatty acids , and lower intake of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and greater energy consumption

Objetivo: analisar o consumo alimentar de energia, macronutrientes e ácidos graxos, de gestantes com insuficiência placentária, comparando com gestantes sem esta complicação obstétrica. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, transversal e caso-controle realizado no período de fevereiro de 2012 a setembro de 2013, que incluiu gestantes que preencheram os seguintes critérios: gestação com feto único e vivo; idade gestacional superior a 26 semanas completas; diagnóstico de insuficiência placentária caracterizada pelo exame de Doppler de artéria umbilical com índice de pulsatilidade acima do p95; morfologia fetal normal ao exame de ultrassonografia; ausência de diagnóstico de diabetes; não suplementação pré-natal com ácidos graxos. Foram adotados os seguintes critérios de exclusão: diagnóstico pós-natal de anomalia do recém-nascido. O estado nutricional da gestante foi avaliado pelo índice de massa corporal (IMC) e o consumo dietético foi investigado pela aplicação do questionário de frequência alimentar, analisado pelo programa Avanutri Revolution versão 4.0, pelo qual se obteve o consumo de energia, macronutrientes (carboidratos, proteínas e lipídios) e de ácidos graxos (saturados, poli-insaturados e monoinsaturados). Foram analisados os valores absolutos obtidos e a % do valor energético total (VET) da dieta. Resultados: Foram incluídas 21 gestantes no grupo com insuficiência placentária e 21 gestantes no grupo controle. Não se constatou diferença na mediana do IMC na comparação entre os grupos (grupo estudo=26,5 kg/m2, grupo controle=28,0kg/m2; P=0,563). Houve diferença significativa na comparação do grupo com insuficiência placentária com o grupo controle na análise do consumo alimentar de: energia (2002 kcal vs. 1515 kcal, p= 0,021). Com relação ao consumo de ácidos graxos, houve diferença significativa na comparação da % do VET entre os grupos com insuficiência placentária e controle: saturados (11,5% vs. 9,3%; p=0,043); poli saturados (2,7% vs. 3,6%; p=0,029); monoinsaturados (1,2 % vs. 2,1%; p= 0,005). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas na qualidade da dieta entre os grupos quanto ao consumo avaliado de acordo com a % do VET: carboidratos (51,5% vs. 51,8%; p= 0,831); proteínas (15,3% vs. 16,1%; p= 0,458); lipídios totais (37,8% vs. 33,0%; p=0,831). Conclusão: Gestantes com o diagnóstico de insuficiência placentária relatam consumo alimentar diferente de gestantes que não apresentam esse diagnóstico, com dieta de ácidos graxos com qualidade inferior, notadamente com maior consumo de ácidos graxos saturados, e menor consumo de poli-insaturados e monoinsaturados, além de maior consumo de energia / Objective: To analyze the dietary intake of energy, macronutrients and fatty acids of pregnant women with placental insufficiency, and to compare with pregnant women without this obstetric complication Methods : A prospective, cross-sectional and case -control study from February 2012 to September 2013, which included women who met the following criteria: singleton pregnancy with fetus alive; above 26 weeks gestation; diagnosis of placental insufficiency characterized by umbilical artery Doppler presenting pulsatility index above the p95; normal fetal morphology at ultrasound, absence of diabetes, absence of prenatal supplementation with fatty acids. We used the following exclusion criteria: neonatal diagnosis of malformation. The maternal nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) and dietary intake was investigated by applying the food frequency questionnaire analyzed by the program Avanutri Revolution version 4.0 , which was obtained by the consumption of energy, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and lipids) and fatty acids (saturated, polyunsaturated and monounsaturated). We analyzed the absolute values and the % of total energy value (TEV). Results: We included 21 pregnant women in the study group with placental insufficiency and 21 pregnant women in the control group. There was no difference in median BMI between the groups (study group = 26.5 kg/m2, control group = 28.0 kg/m2, P = 0.563). Significant difference was found when the group with placental insufficiency was compared with the control group in food consumption of energy (2002kcal vs. 1515 kcal, p = 0.021). With regard to the consumption of fatty acids, there was a significant difference in the percentages of daily energy intake between the group with placental insufficiency and control group: saturated fatty acids(11.5% vs. . 9.3% , p = 0.043), polyunsaturated fatty acids(2.7 % vs. 3.6% , p = 0.029), monounsaturated fatty acids(1.2% vs. 2.1% , p = 0.005). There were no significant differences in diet quality between the groups regarding the consumption evaluated according to the % of VET: carbohydrates ( 51.5 % vs. 51.8 %, p = 0.831 ), protein (15.3 % vs. 16.1 %, p = 0.458), total fat (37.8 % vs. 33.0 %, p = 0.831) . Conclusion: Pregnant women with the diagnosis of placental insufficiency reported food consumption other than pregnant women who do not have this diagnosis with lower quality of dietary fatty acids consumption, especially with higher intake of saturated fatty acids , and lower intake of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, and greater energy consumption