Inledning: Målområdet “Arbete, arbetsförhållande och arbetsmiljö” är ett av Sveriges folkhälsopolitiska målområden som Sverige ska arbeta mot för att uppnå en god och jämlik hälsa. Arbetsplatsen är en arena där vuxna tillbringar mycket tid, vilket gör det viktigt för hälsoskapande insatser. Restaurangbranschen har många riskfaktorer och det kan därför vara bra att istället fundera över vilka resurser som upprätthåller hälsa på arbetsplatsen. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka upplevelser av arbetsrelaterade resurser som bidrog till hälsa hos restaurangmedarbetare på ett företag i södra Sverige. Metod: Sex intervjuer genomfördes med en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Det empiriska materialet har analyserats med en innehållsanalys. Resultat: Kollegorna var den starkaste resursen som bidrog till hälsa som framkom i resultatet där gemenskapen och kommunikationen med kollegorna påtalades. Andra starka resurser som kom upp var det stödjande ledarskapet och kunder som motiverade. Det framkom även förebyggande faktorer. Slutsats: Det fanns många resurser som främjar hälsa men även faktorer som förebygger sjukdom och i relation till dessa kunde två teorier appliceras och skapa en förståelse för det empiriska materialet. Genom att veta vilka resurser som fanns på arbetsplatsen så blir det lättare att sats / Introduction: “Work, working relationship and working environment” is one of the Swedish public health policy goal areas that Sweden must work towards to achieve good and equal health. The workplace is an arena where adults spend a lot of time which makes it important for health promoting efforts. The restaurant industry has many risk factors and therefore it may be good to consider which resources maintain the health. Purpose: To investigate experiences of work-related resources that contribute to health among restaurant employees within a business in southern Sweden. Method: Six interviews were performed with a qualitative approach in form of semi-structured interviews. The empirical material has been analyzed with a content analysis. Results: The colleagues were the strongest resource that contributed to health where the community and communication with colleagues were mentioned. Other strong resources that were brought up included a supporting leadership and customers that motivated them. There were also preventing factors. Conclusion: There were many resources that promote health but also factors that prevent illness. Two theories could be applied to create an understanding of the empirical material. By knowing which resources that exist in the workplace, it can be easier to invest in strengthening them. Good health in the workplace can lead to a sustainable working life and contribute to equal health.

No description available.

The general aim of this research is to report on the evolution of the interpersonal relationships of young girls during the period of association with a street gang. This general objective is broken down into four specific objectives which consist of (1) establishing a portrait of the different relations that young girls have with those around them before they come into contact with a gang; (2) monitor the evolution of the interpersonal relationships maintained by young girls with those around them from the time of their first contact with a gang until the gang's association ceases, if applicable; (3) explore the relationship between the meaning of these relationships and the involvement of young girls in the gang; (4) develop avenues aimed at supporting intervention with young girls who are or have been in contact with a street gang. It is from the telling of a dozen young girls who have been in contact directly or indirectly with the universe of street gangs that these objectives were pursued. From their account, it emerges mainly data concerning the evolution of family, friendship, school relations during the pre-gang period, the personality of the young girls as they themselves describe it, the experience of the street gangs from the beginning to exit, if applicable, and, through this period, changing relationships with family, peers, male and female gang members, and interveners significant to them. These findings, which emerged from the testimonies collected, provide insight into the interventions to be promoted with young girls likely to be attracted to street gangs in order to prevent their affiliation with gangs or, where applicable, to encourage their way out. It is about targeting the needs met by gang affiliation and then attempting to respond to them in a more positive and prosocial manner. To do this, it may be appropriate to focus on interests and relationships dating from the pre-gang period, for the importance they take in the decision to cease contact with gangs such as the one that may have contributed to directing the girls there. If the young girl had grown up in a strong and present environment, affiliation could meet a need for experimenting or distancing frequently observed in adolescence. An attitude of understanding, without judgment, would in this case be the key to any questioning of young girls. The quality of the relationships maintained with those around them - family members, friends, or significant interveners - occupies, as we have seen, a large place in the questioning of young girls. It therefore seems useful to work above all to maintain or restore these relationships. For those who did not already have a strong network before they joined gangs, it is a question of helping them build a network of prosocial support that allows them to reduce the fear of the emptiness associated with exiting the gang. Faced with a young girl compensating for her relationship gaps by joining a gang, it is a question of offering open-mindedness support, of avoiding the guilt that can lead young girls to close themselves off and screw up the family or therapeutic relationship, and work on their ambivalence by bringing them to see the negative consequences of their new relationships on their present and their future. / L’objectif général de ce mémoire consiste à rendre compte de l’évolution des relations interpersonnelles des jeunes filles durant la période de fréquentation d’un gang de rue. Cet objectif général se découpe en quatre objectifs spécifiques qui consistent à 1) établir le portrait des différentes relations qu’entretiennent les jeunes filles avec leur entourage avant qu’elles n’entrent en contact avec un gang ; 2) suivre l’évolution des relations interpersonnelles entretenues par les jeunes filles avec leur entourage à partir du moment où se produit leur premier contact avec un gang jusqu’à ce que la fréquentation du gang cesse, le cas échéant ; 3) explorer la relation entre la signification que peuvent prendre ces relations et l’implication des jeunes filles dans le gang ; 4) développer des pistes visant à supporter l’intervention auprès de jeunes filles étant ou ayant été en contact avec un gang de rue. C’est à partir du témoignage d’une douzaine de jeunes filles ayant touché de près ou de loin à l’univers des gangs de rue que ces objectifs ont été poursuivis. De leur récit, il ressort principalement des données concernant l’évolution des relations familiales, amicales, scolaires durant la période pré-gang, la personnalité des jeunes filles telle qu’elles-mêmes la décrivent, l’expérience des gangs de rue du début de la fréquentation à la sortie, le cas échéant, et, à travers cette période, l’évolution des relations avec la famille, les pairs, les membres masculins et féminins du gang, et les intervenants significatifs pour elles. Ces constats, ressortis des témoignages livrés, permettent d’entrevoir les interventions à valoriser auprès des jeunes filles susceptibles d’être attirées par les gangs de rue pour prévenir leur affiliation aux gangs ou, le cas échéant, favoriser leur désistement. Il s’agit de cibler les besoins répondus par l’adhésion au gang pour, ensuite, tenter d’y répondre de manière plus positive et prosociale. Pour ce faire, il peut être propice de miser sur les intérêts et relations datant de la période pré-gang, pour l’importance qu’elles prennent dans la décision de cesser les contacts avec les membres du gang comme celle qui a pu contribuer à y diriger les filles. Dans le cas où la jeune fille aurait grandi dans un milieu solide et présent, l’affiliation pourrait répondre à un besoin d’expérimentation ou de distanciation fréquemment observé à l’adolescence. Une attitude de compréhension, exempte de jugement, serait dans ce cas la clef d’une remise en question éventuelle des jeunes filles. La qualité des relations maintenues avec l’entourage - membres de la famille, amis, ou intervenant significatif - occupe, on a pu le constater, une grande place dans les remises en question des jeunes filles. Il paraît dès lors utile de travailler avant tout au maintien ou au retour de ces relations. Pour celles qui n’avaient pas déjà un réseau solide avant leur fréquentation des gangs, il s’agit de les aider à se bâtir un réseau de soutien prosocial leur permettant de diminuer la crainte du vide associée à la sortie du gang. Face à une jeune fille compensant ses lacunes relationnelles par l’adhésion à un gang, il s’agit d’offrir un soutien marqué d’ouverture d’esprit, d’éviter la culpabilisation pouvant porter les jeunes filles à se refermer et à bousiller la relation familiale ou thérapeutique, et travailler l’ambivalence de celles-ci en les amenant à voir les conséquences négatives de leurs nouvelles relations sur leur présent et leur avenir.

In the course of the research, the operationalization of concepts related to prevention of extremism at the municipal level; analyzed the regulatory legal framework in the field of extremism prevention; studied the system of extremism prevention in the municipality of Kamensk-Uralsky and identified its main problems. The research resulted in the development of a project to improve technologies and mechanisms for preventing extremism in the municipality of Kamensk-Uralsky. The proposed recommendations can be implemented in the future by local governments of municipalities located on the territory of the Sverdlovsk region. / Результатом работы исследования стала разработка проекта совершенствования технологий и механизмов профилактики экстремизма в муниципальном образовании город Каменск-Уральский. Предложенные рекомендации в дальнейшем могут быть реализованы органами местного самоуправления муниципальных образований, расположенных на территории Свердловской области.

Text in English / This research attempts to analyse the modus operandi (MO) of perpetrators used in cases of trafficking in persons for sexual purposes, and trafficking in children. The Trafficking in Persons Bill was passed in South Africa, but not gazetted; therefore, alternate charges are used to prosecute perpetrators. The purpose, value and elements of MO allow an investigator to link a perpetrator to a specific crime scene. The research provides an examination of case dockets and the MO of perpetrators in human trafficking – inter alia, looking at such issues as time, location, transport routes used, criminal motive, recruitment styles, and the number of offenders. The MO of perpetrators identified during docket analysis indicates many similarities, when compared to the international MO of traffickers. The gathering of MO information forms a critical part of any investigation to link a perpetrator to a crime. This research therefore presents a comprehensive examination of the MO of perpetrators, and delivers practical recommendations to monitor and combat trafficking. / Police Practice / M. Tech. (Forensic Investigation)

Stakeholder involvement in strategic planning: a strategy to mitigate the effects of HIV and AIDS on secondary education in Botswana. This study explores the involvement of stakeholders in strategic planning to mitigate the effect of HIV and AIDS in secondary education in Botswana. The prevalence of HIV and AIDS-related illness and deaths is high in Botswana and affects both teachers and learners. Education provision has been affected through increased mortality and morbidity and increased absenteeism which affect education-related personnel and the demand for education has been reduced due to growing numbers of orphaned and vulnerable children as a consequence of parent/guardian mortality and morbidity related to HIV and AIDS. The problem was investigated by means of a literature review and an empirical inquiry which combined quantitative and qualitative data collection. Based on the findings, in addition to medical and other interventions, an education management approach is required to mitigate the effects of HIV and AIDS on secondary education in Botswana. The strategies of coping, caring and preventing have been effective in this regard. Some internal stakeholders of the Department of Secondary Education (DSE) are not meaningfully involved in strategic planning. Similarly, most of the selected external stakeholders were not involved in the DSE HIV and AIDS strategic plan. Both external and internal stakeholders should be involved at all stages of planning. Furthermore, inducement-contribution exchanges and teacher credibility should be considered in a strategic plan. To improve the current DSE strategic plan, a stakeholder involvement model to involve internal and external stakeholders was designed. Based on this model and the above findings, recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research are made. / Educational Studies / D.Ed.(Educational Management)

Stakeholder involvement in strategic planning: a strategy to mitigate the effects of HIV and AIDS on secondary education in Botswana. This study explores the involvement of stakeholders in strategic planning to mitigate the effect of HIV and AIDS in secondary education in Botswana. The prevalence of HIV and AIDS-related illness and deaths is high in Botswana and affects both teachers and learners. Education provision has been affected through increased mortality and morbidity and increased absenteeism which affect education-related personnel and the demand for education has been reduced due to growing numbers of orphaned and vulnerable children as a consequence of parent/guardian mortality and morbidity related to HIV and AIDS. The problem was investigated by means of a literature review and an empirical inquiry which combined quantitative and qualitative data collection. Based on the findings, in addition to medical and other interventions, an education management approach is required to mitigate the effects of HIV and AIDS on secondary education in Botswana. The strategies of coping, caring and preventing have been effective in this regard. Some internal stakeholders of the Department of Secondary Education (DSE) are not meaningfully involved in strategic planning. Similarly, most of the selected external stakeholders were not involved in the DSE HIV and AIDS strategic plan. Both external and internal stakeholders should be involved at all stages of planning. Furthermore, inducement-contribution exchanges and teacher credibility should be considered in a strategic plan. To improve the current DSE strategic plan, a stakeholder involvement model to involve internal and external stakeholders was designed. Based on this model and the above findings, recommendations for practice and suggestions for future research are made. / Educational Studies / D.Ed.(Educational Management)