Seit einiger Zeit hat die Industrie hier die enge Verzahnung ihrer Güterproduktion mit Dienstleistungen, auch oft als Services oder Lösungen bezeichnet, als strategische Option erkannt. Der Vorteil einer engen Verflechtung von Produkt und Dienstleistung ist, dass insbesondere im Pre- und Aftersales-Bereich neue Wertschöpfungsmöglichkeiten entstehen, die auf dem einzigartigen Know-How und dem Wissen der anbietenden Unternehmen basieren. Zunehmend wird über solche Lösungen sogar der größere Anteil der Wertschöpfung für das Unternehmen erzielt, so dass die Bedeutung solcher Angebote beständig zunimmt. Der vorliegenden Band dokumentiert die Arbeit des Verbundvorhabens „Produkt-Dienstleistung-Lifecycle-Management“, welches von 2011-2014 den Lehrstuhl für Betriebliche Informationssysteme an der Universität Leipzig zusammen mit Unternehmen ATB Arbeit, Technik und Bildung GmbH, CADsys GmbH, Amtech GmbH und SITEC GmbH aus Chemnnitz realisiert und mit Mitteln der Europäischen Union und des Freistaates Sachsen durch das Programm FuE-Projektförderung der SAB finanziert wurde. Erstmalig werden integrierte Konzepte und Werkzeuge für ein Lebenszyklusmanagement in der Verbindung von Produktion und begleitenden Dienstleistungen vorgestellt, die in entsprechenden Use-Cases in der Praxis zur Anwendung geführt werden konnten.

A remanufatura é um processo industrial em que produtos usados são restaurados à condição de novos. Apesar de receber crescente atenção pelos meios empresarial e acadêmico, as pesquisas relacionadas muitas vezes são tratadas de forma fragmentada e de maneira difícil de incorporar às atividades das empresas. Neste sentido, a abordagem de processos de negócio pode ser usada para analisar e integrar as atividades de remanufatura, e a primeira ação para isto é a identificação dos processos e sua modelagem. Alguns modelos de referência para remanufatura e outras opções de recuperação de produtos têm sido desenvolvidos. Contudo, alguns deles são focados em tópicos pontuais da remanufatura, comumente a logística reversa e operações. Outros modelos que incorporam outros processos ou níveis de decisão, não tratam das particularidades da remanufatura. Para preencher esta lacuna, este trabalho apresenta o GRem Gerenciar a Remanufatura, um modelo que visa integrar os diferentes tipos de processos de negócio para a remanufatura. A estrutura é dividida em seis grupos de processos e permite a sistematização de boas práticas da remanufatura. A versão preliminar do modelo foi desenvolvida a partir de uma base conceitual teórico-empírica, composta da literatura e de estudos de casos. Novos estudos de casos, análise crítica por especialistas da academia e avaliação por profissionais da indústria constituíram iterações que resultaram na versão final do modelo. Espera-se que a estrutura facilite o planejamento e operação da remanufatura e a identificação de técnicas, ferramentas e práticas de apoio. Pretende-se ainda contribuir para o desenvolvimento e difusão do conhecimento sobre a remanufatura, sendo um instrumento de comunicação entre academia e indústria. / Remanufacture is an industrial process in which worn-out products are restored to as new condition. Although its growing attention by academy and industry, related research topics are still addressed in a fragmented way and it is difficult to embody them to companies activities. In this sense, business processes approaches can be used to analyse and integrate remanufacturing activities, and the first step to this is processes identification and modelling. Some reference models for remanufacturing and other product recovery option have been developed. Nevertheless, some of them focus on remanufacturing scattered topics, usually reverse logistics and operations. Other models cover other processes or decision levels, but do not capture remanufacturing specificities. In order to fulfil this lacuna, this study presents a business processes model for remanufacture, which intends for integration of remanufacturing cross-company processes. The framework is grouped into six process groups and also ground for systematization of reported remanufacturing-related good practices. Preliminary version was constructed from a theoretical and empirical conceptual basis, comprised for literature and case studies. Other case studies, critical analysis by academic experts and evaluation by industry practitioners were iterative steps which resulted in the final version of the model. This framework is supposed to make easier for industry practitioners planning their remanufacturing operations and find tools, techniques and other practices for supporting the remanufacturing business processes. It is also expected to contribute for spreading existing remanufacturing knowledge and development of it by the two-hand academic-industry communication.

A abordagem Product Lifecycle Mangement (PLM) ou gestão do ciclo de vida de produtos tem se destacado como um importante conceito de negócio que apoia o gerenciamento de todos os processos relacionados ao ciclo de vida dos produtos, desde a concepção inicial até o descarte. A eficiência e a eficácia das atividades desses processos são determinantes para garantir a sobrevivência das empresas no mercado. Dessa forma, a adoção de um sistema de medição de desempenho (SMD) deve auxiliar no controle e melhoria desses processos, porém o desenvolvimento de um SMD para PLM é uma tarefa difícil, devido, principalmente, à natureza desestruturada e não repetitiva dos processos que compõem tal abordagem. O problema que motiva a elaboração deste projeto de pesquisa são as dificuldades no desenvolvimento de um SMD e na medição de desempenho para PLM. Visando preencher esta lacuna, este trabalho tem por objetivo desenvolver um quadro referencial para apoiar o desenvolvimento de um sistema de medição de desempenho para gestão do ciclo de vida de produtos. Tal quadro é composto de um método de desenvolvimento de um SMD; uma coletânea de recomendações para esse desenvolvimento voltado para abordagem PLM; e uma lista de indicadores e seus atributos necessários para definição de sua aplicação. Para condução do trabalho foram utilizados dois procedimentos metodológicos: i) revisão bibliográfica sistemática; e ii) estudos de casos múltiplos. Espera-se que esta pesquisa possa contribuir com as empresas que queiram desenvolver um SMD para PLM e, dessa forma, superar as dificuldades inerentes da medição de desempenho para a gestão do ciclo de vida de produtos. / Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) approach has highlighted as an important business concept that supports the managing of all processes related to products, from the initial conception to disposal. The efficiency and effectiveness of these processes are crucial to ensure the business survival. Thus, the adoption of a performance measurement system (PMS) should help to control and improve these processes, but the development of a PMS for PLM is a difficult task, mainly due to the unstructured and non-repetitive nature of the processes that compose the PLM approach. The problem that motivates the development of this project is the difficulty in developing a PMS and on performance measurement for PLM. Seeking to fill this gap, this research proposes to develop a framework to support the development of a performance measurement system for product lifecycle management. This framework consist of a method for developing a PMS, a compilation of recommendations for such development oriented to PLM approach, and a list of performance indicators and their attributes needed to define their application. To conduct the study were used two approaches: i) systematic literature review, and ii) multiple case studies. It is hoped that this research can contribute to companies wishing to develop a PMS for PLM and thus overcome the inherent difficulties of performance measurement for product lifecycle management.

Les travaux sur le contexte augmenté en conception produit, permet de sensibiliser les concepteurs sur leur choix en conception pour l'assemblage. L'approche présentée conclura sur la méthode pour développer un démonstrateur informatique, basé sur des cas d’études de conception mécanique. L’objectif de celui-ci est de capturer l’intention de conception, afin de proposer une aide utile aux acteurs métier, comme un support de conception, dans la prise de décisions, la vérification/validation, et la structuration de données. / Works on the design context augmentation in product design, makes it possible to make awareness designers on their choice in the design for assembly. The presented approach will conclude on the method to develop a informatic system, based on case studies of mechanical design. The purpose of the project is to capture the design intent, in order to provide useful assistance to stakeholders, such as design support, decision making, verification/validation, and data structuring.

Aujourd’hui, la compétition croissante, l'expansion des marchés et les progrès de la technologie engendrent un raccourcissement du cycle de vie des processus de développement des produits afin d’en améliorer les performances en termes de délai, coût et qualité. Ce raccourcissement du cycle de vie a engendré un accroissement des volumes de déchet généré et des conséquences que cela peut avoir sur l’environnement. Au niveau de l’Union européenne, des directives ont été introduites, tels que la gestion des déchets d'équipements électriques et électroniques (WEEE), la restriction de l'utilisation de certaines substances dangereuses dans les équipements électriques et électroniques (RoHS) et les directives pour le traitement des batteries usagées (Battery); ces directives permettent de limiter l'utilisation et le recyclage des substances dangereuses nocives pour la santé et pour l'environnement.Ces nouvelles réglementations et normes, permettant de gérer de manière efficace les retours et la fin de vie des produits (recovery process), ont été mises en place afin d'obliger les entreprises à assumer leurs responsabilités en termes de gestion des produits en fin de vie. Certaines entreprises ont montré que les produits recyclés ou réutilisés peuvent être une source supplémentaire de revenu (recyclage des matériaux, ou réutilisation des composants après démontage) dans le processus de fabrication.Ces connaissances liées à la performance environnementale (au niveau des processus de conception, de production, de transport, d’entreposage, de récupération…) devraient êtres saisies, évaluées et capitalisées dans des bases de connaissances afin d’être prisent en compte durant les différents phases du cycle de vie des produits.Nos travaux de recherche proposent donc de développer une architecture de gestion des connaissances (Knowledge Management Architecture) basée sur un Système Multi-Agents. L’objectif est de proposer un système qui met l'accent sur les concepts de « durabilité des produits et des cycles de vie », en établissant des liens entre des Agents Logiciels détenteurs de connaissances liées à la réglementation environnementale et les Systèmes d’Information de type PLM. Ces interconnexions permettront aux décideurs de prendre en compte les impacts environnementaux dans leurs décisions et ceci à chaque phase du cycle de vie des produits. / The increasing of competition, expanding markets and advanced technology create shorten lifecycle and the development process to improve product performance in terms of time, cost and quality. These shorten products lifecycle have led to increase volumes of waste generation and consequence impact to environment. EU directives have been introduced, such as Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), Restriction of the use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS) and guidelines for the treatment of waste batteries (Battery), these directives are used to handle the hazardous substances which are harmful to human health and the environment.These regulations and standards have been put in place to force companies take their responsibilities on managing their products when reach to the end of life. Some companies have found that the returned product can be recycled or reused as an additional source of income (material recycling, or reuse of components after disassembly) in the manufacturing process.Knowledge related to the environmental performance (in terms of process design, production, transportation, storage, etc.) should be captured, evaluated and stored in knowledge base in order to share between users in different phases of the product lifecycle.Therefore, this research proposes a Knowledge Management Architecture based on a Multi-Agent System approach. The objective of this work is to propose a system that focuses on the concept of "sustainability” of products lifecycle by establishing the link between agents, who hold knowledge related to the environmental performances, and PLM system. The connection encourages companies considering the environmental impacts in their decision making at every stage of product lifecycle.

This thesis seeks to improve the workflow in the product development process when using the Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) system PLM2020, incorporated at Siemens Energy. Focus is on three problem cases that emerge when working with Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) data during the development process. Apart from solving these problems, a current situation analysis was conducted, and possible solutions of these problems were investigated on how they affect the lead time in the product development process. The problems consist of exploration of an unused function and solving of two problematic situations that can occur while using PLM2020 during development work. A case study was established to investigate the problems, using participatory observations and interviews. The interviews established the current situation of Siemens work methodology to handle these situations and how PLM2020 is used. During the observations, the problems were attempted to be solved using an arbitrary Computer Aided Design (CAD) model while exploring different functions in a sandbox environment. During the interviews, it was discovered that there exist different ways of working in PLM2020 and that some approaches nullifies the benefits of using a PLM system. The participatory observations revealed that that there exist functions in the PLM system that solves the problems encountered. A set of proposed solutions are presented to Siemens

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Mass customization, small lot sizes, reduced cost, high variability of product types and changing product portfolio are characteristics of modern manufacturing systems during life cycle. A direct consequence of these characteristics is a more complex system and supply chain. Product lifecycle management (PLM) and model based system engineering (MBSE) are tools which have been proposed and implemented to address different aspects of this complexity and resulting challenges. Our previous work has successfully implemented a MBSE model into a PLM platform. More specifically, Pattern based system engineering (S* pattern) models of systems are integrated with TEAMCENTER to link and interface system level with component level, and streamline the lifecycle across disciplines. The benefit of the implementation is two folded. On one side it helps system engineers using system engineering models enable a shift from learning how to model to implementing the model, which leads to more effective systems definition, design, integration and testing. On the other side the PLM platform provides a reliable database to store legacy data for future use also track changes during the entire process, including one of the most important tools that a systems engineer needs which is an automatic report generation tool. In the current work, we have configured a PLM platform (TEAMCENTER) to support automatic generation of reports and requirements tables using a generic Oil Filter system lifecycle. There are three tables that have been configured for automatic generation which are Feature definitions table, Detail Requirements table and Stakeholder Feature Attributes table. These tables where specifically chosen as they describe all the requirements of the system and cover all physical behaviours the oil filter system shall exhibit during its physical interactions with external systems. The requirement tables represent core content for a typical systems engineering report. With the help of the automatic report generation tool, it is possible to prepare the entire report within one single system, the PLM system, to ensure a single reliable data source for an organization. Automatic generation of these contents can save the systems engineers time, avoid duplicated work and human errors in report preparation, train future generation of workforce in the lifecycle all the while encouraging standardized documents in an organization.

Das in dieser Arbeit beschriebene VR-PLM Integrationskonzept stellt einen Ansatz dar, um den Prozess des Design Reviews mittels VR-Technologie zu unterstützen und in ein PLM-Konzept zu integrieren. Das Design Review kann hierdurch als ein andauernder Prozess verstanden werden, der sich entsprechend der Konzepte des Systems Engineering und der Integrierten Produktentwicklung über den gesamten Produktlebenszyklus und alle Entwicklungsdomänen erstreckt.

The purpose of this final project work is to explore how tests are managed during the development of mechatronic products at a manufacturing company. This study aims to develop an information model and a process model that can be used in a PLM system. The research method used is a case study at Husqvarna Group. The different test departments in the Huskvarna site are studied. For that, two rounds of semistructured interviews and document studies are conducted to collect primary and secondary data. For each round, six interviews are conducted with experienced employees and then, a verification meeting is held. During the qualitative analysis, different keywords are highlighted and displayed in an activity and class diagram to represent the as-is test management process at the case company. Later, it is compared to the literature, and a proposal is made based on the results.

This study aims to explore how integrating Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) capabilities into the new fashion product development process can foster sustainability. The aspects that triggered this research are that the fashion sector has a detrimental impact on the environment and there is limited attention on the role of PLM in fostering sustainability. To address the research aim, a qualitative research approach with abductive reasoning was adopted, owing to the explorative nature of the study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with seven fashion brands having origins in England, Spain, Germany, and Italy. A convenience sampling method was employed to select fashion brands for data collection. Interview data were analysed thematically by applying the dynamic capability theory as the theoretical lens. The study findings revealed that integrating PLM into new product development can foster sustainability in four key ways: digital coordination for co-creation, sustainable raw material selection and lifecycle assessment within PLM, minimisation of waste, and development of innovative approaches. Digital coordination through co-creation platforms and real-time communications helps overcome traditional barriers to collaboration, such as miscommunication and slowness of feedback, creating more aligned operations. The PLM systems’ material selection options directly impact sustainability because they support designers in making smart choices from the outset. LCAs embedded within PLM systems can also help with decision-making by measuring the impact of products upon the environment from their conception to disposal. Fashion brands can make informed decisions about material selection, and design impacts far earlier in the product-development process than was previously possible through embedding lifecycle assessment (LCA) data. Additionally, resistance to change was identified as a threatening force to the effective implementation of PLM tools. The study recommended that fashion brands incorporate their sustainability goals into PLM and invest in training programs to educate employees on using PLM tools to foster sustainability.