Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:21:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VIVIANNE DOS SANTOS RESENDE.pdf: 3119112 bytes, checksum: 4837cdc5325e4c986896dc6cc2a27fb6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / This paper sought to give its contribution to the history of Goiás, grounded on engineering and its buildings. With research in public collections, focused especially on official documents produced in the late eighteenth century and during the nineteenth century, aspects were raised from the engineering activity, its employees, how the performance and results were to Goiás society. In four chapters, the text presents relevant elements of the engineers participation and other professionals who took part in the engineering and their projects during this period. It was observed how Engineering has changed over time from the influence of the discourse of progress established especially after the second half of the nineteenth century. / Esta dissertação procurou dar sua contribuição para a história de Goiás a partir da engenharia e de suas construções. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa em acervos públicos, focada especialmente em documentos oficiais produzidos ao final do século XVIII e durante o século XIX, foram levantados aspectos da atividade de engenharia, seus profissionais, sua atuação e os resultados para a sociedade goiana. Em quatro capítulos, o texto apresenta elementos relevantes da participação dos engenheiros e de outros profissionais que participaram da engenharia e de seus projetos durante esse período. Ainda, observou-se como a Engenharia foi se modificando ao longo do tempo a partir da influência do discurso de progresso que se estabeleceu principalmente depois da segunda metade do século XIX.

Neste trabalho historiográfico procuramos mostrar que de 1869 a 1905, houve a implantação de um projeto de desenvolvimento econômico para o Ceará que se baseava no emprego de trabalhadores desvalidos durante as secas que atingiram a região Norte (atual Nordeste) quando havia uma escassez de água, alimentos e forragem para os gados. Nesse período, os socorros públicos foram implantados à luz do projeto Pompeu Sinimbú, que levou as famílias pobres sertanejas a migrarem em direção às cidades litorâneas onde o governo acenava com os socorros públicos. Por trás da idealização do projeto Pompeu Sinimbú havia o problema das disputas por melhoramentos materiais entre o Norte e o Sul do Brasil. Mas a consecução desse projeto atingiu diretamente a população pobre sertaneja que ao invés de receber o socorro no próprio domicílio ou ser alvo de políticas públicas de prevenção aos efeitos das secas, foi utilizada como mão de obra abundante e barata, cujo sofrimento diante da seca servia para que as elites conseguissem o envio de recursos à província. Denominamos esse projeto de Pompeu Sinimbú, porque ele foi concebido inicialmente pelo senador Pompeu e tornado oficial pelo visconde de Sinimbú. Esse projeto preconizava a idéia de utilizar a mão de obra disponível durante as secas para a realização de obras públicas, pautando nesse mecanismo o progresso da província. Porém, paralelamente a execução dessa proposta houve uma outra propugnada pelo barão de Capanema e pela Comissão Científica de Exploração que não considerava a seca um óbice ao desenvolvimento da região, mas o atraso da atividade agrícola e a falta de medidas de prevenção aos efeitos das estiagens / In this work we tried to show that from 1869 to 1905, there was the implantation of a project of economical development for Ceará that based on the destitute workers\' job during the droughts that reached the North area (current Northeast) when there were a shortage of water, foods and forage for the cattle. In that period, the public helps were implanted to the light of the project Pompeu Sinimbú, that took the country poor families migrate her towards the coastal cities where the government waived with the public helps. Behind the idealization of the project Pompeu Sinimbú there was the problem of the disputes for material improvements between the North and the South of Brazil. But the attainment of that project reached the country poor population directly that instead of receiving the help in the own home or white being of public politics of prevention to the effects of the droughts, it was used as hand of abundant and cheap work, whose suffering before the drought served so that the elites got the sending of resources to the province. We denominated that project of Pompeu Sinimbú, because he was conceived initially by senator Pompeu and tornado official by the viscount of Sinimbú. That project extolled the idea of using the hand of available work during the droughts for the accomplishment of public works, ruling in that mechanism the progress of the province. However, parallel the execution of that proposal had another one proposed by the baron of Capanema and for the Scientific Commission of Exploration that didn\'t consider the drought an obstacle to the development of the area, but the delay of the agricultural activity and the lack of prevention measures to the effects of the droughts

Construction progress monitoring allows schedule and/or cost deviations to be identified early enough to effectively implement corrective actions. At least 77% of transportation projects experience cost overruns, and as much as 75% of these overruns have been attributed to “real” construction management factors like progress monitoring. Progress is measured on road construction sites in terms of completion percentages at various activity and work package levels. This percentage is then used to identify schedule deviations and support the earned value analysis often used as the baseline for contractor progress payments. Unfortunately, the current methods for producing these completion percentages are not as correct or time efficient as they should be to enable effective project control. The objective of this research is to develop, test, and validate a novel solution for automatically producing completion percentages and progress status determinations that are more correct and time efficient than those generated in current practice. The proposed solution seeks to automatically detect incremental progress on road design layers in 3D as-built point cloud data generated using unmanned aerial photogrammetry and a novel data simulation approach. A parallel as-planned progress estimate is also automatically prepared using 4D information, and the progress status determinations are made by comparing the two results. This solution was tested on 15 datasets (13 simulated and 2 real-world) representing a variety of road designs and progress conditions. The method achieved an average 95% F1 score in layer detection on the real-world data, and mostly outperformed current practice in correctness. The automated processing of as-built and as-planned data to produce the progress estimate took 12 seconds for the real world data, which was indeed faster than the current practice equivalent. Although the research objectives were met, there remains room for further improvement, particularly in regards to the solution’s robustness to occlusions on the monitored surfaces.

This thesis presents a real-time automated building progress monitoring solution for indoor environments using a mobile device. Such a system could prompt accurate and timely assessment of work progress that would allow managers to make adjustments and minimise both time and cost overrun when deviations from the schedule occur. Although many researchers have proposed approaches for progress monitoring in outdoor scenes, these cannot perform in real-time and shift into the complex interior environment. Research efforts for indoor environments are not fully automated and lead to errors in more complex scenes. Systems based on mobile devices could potentially enhance the inspection process and reduce the required time by allowing the inspector to acquire progress data by simply walking around the site. The main challenge of these systems is the tracking of the pose of the camera to achieve accurate alignment between the 3D design model and the real-world scene. Methods for estimating the user’s pose rely on a) tags on each target of interest, which require additional time and cost for installation and maintenance; b) pre-selected user locations, which restricts the user to those locations only; or c) GPS on the augmented reality headset, which only applies to outdoor inspections. Additionally, current mobile-based inspection systems do not perform any comparison between the captured as-built and the as-planned data. In this research, different marker-less Augmented Reality (AR) potential methods were implemented and tested for finding the most robust tracking solution. The Microsoft HoloLens was found to be the top performer for tracking the user’s pose and for overall user-experience. Next, a semi-automated method was developed for initially registering the 3D model to the real environment by exploiting information from detected floor and wall surfaces. Results showed that this method reduces the time of the initial registration by 58%. Having the 3D model aligned to the real environment and knowing the pose of the camera at every moment, an automated method was developed that exploits the captured as-built surface mesh data from the mobile device, compares it against the 3D design model and identifies in real-time whether an object has been built according to plan. Different parameters were tested for finding the optimum combination based on the current quality of mesh data. If quality of mesh data changes, then new parameters should be explored. Finally, the proposed solution was tested in real site conditions resulting in 76.6% precision, 100.0% recall, and 83.5% accuracy.

The Clinical Support Tools (CST) was developed to help therapists organize and target potential problems that might account for negative outcomes in psychotherapy. The core of CST feedback is The Assessment for Signal Clients (ASC). The purpose of this study was to describe and identify patterns of problems that typically characterize off-track cases. A cluster analysis of 107 off-track clients revealed three client types: those whose problems were characterized by alliance and motivational difficulties; those characterized by social support and life event difficulties; and those whose problems had an indistinguishable pattern. Loglinear modeling showed that if patients had less therapeutic alliance problems they were also less likely to have motivational problems. Findings were also consistent with the cluster analysis, which showed that a relatively higher percentage of not-on-track participants received signal alerts for the social support items and scale. Individuals whose progress goes off-track appear to have their greatest difficulty with social support, losses, and therapy task agreement.

The purpose of this study was to compare the achievement and attitudes of students who experienced two different methods of intermediate typewriting teaching at Utah State University. This experimental research was conducted in the Department of Business Education and Office Administration at Utah State University, Logan, Utah, during the winter quarter of 1973. The statistical population included forty-two control group students and eighteen experimental group students. An instructional model was developed to allow the control group to move through the instructional model as a traditional structured group while the experimental group proceeded through the instructional model on an individualized progress basis. The design of the model included eight learning units, videotaped instruction, individual and group testing, and group administered skill building. Two teachers were used in the study. Each teacher taught a control and experimental group. To evaluate the effectiveness of the model, two major categories of mll hypotheses were tested. They were: (1) hypotheses testing the overall effects of the experiment, and (2) hypotheses testing the effects of each individual learning unit. Teacher-made pretests and posttests were developed to measure the overall achievement in typewriting theory, straight-copy, five-minute timed writing speed, accuracy, and proofreading. Also, pretests and posttests were developed to measure typewriting theory, production speed, and production accuracy for each of the learning units used in the study. Sixteen selected questions from the Illinois Course Evaluation. Form 66, 1965, were used to measure the attitudes of students. A report was made by each teacher stating the number of days it took etch student to complete the course requirements. Two-way regression analysis of covariance was employed to test the hypotheses related to the achievement of students on theory tests, straight copy timed writing tests, and unit production tests. The hypothesis related to the attitudes of students was tested by two-way regression analysis of variance on each of the sixteen questions. The following findings were reported: There were no significant differences with respect to treatment groups, teachers, and method-teacher interaction on all overall achievement measures, 01 four of the six learning units tested, or on twelve of the sixteen attitude questions. There was a significant difference between teachers in favor of Teacher One but not treatment groups nor method-teacher interaction on each of these questions: "The instructor seemed to be interested in students as a person." "The instructor had a thorough knowledge of his subject matter." "The instructor seemed to consider teaching a chore or routine act." There was a significant difference between treatment groups in favor of the control group but not teachers nor method-teacher interaction on the question, "It was a very worthwhile course," although both groups agreed that the course was worthwhile. There was a significant difference between treatment groups in favor of the control group on manuscript production speed. No other significant differences in the manuscript unit were found. There was a significant difference between teachers in favor of Teacher One on simple tables production speed. No other significant differences in the simple tables unit were found. The control group had thirty-nine students who completed the course requirements at the end of the normal quarter and had three students who finished late. The experimental group had eight students who completed the course requirements early, nine students who finished at the end of the normal quarter, and one student who finished later. The major recommendations were: Business educators should consider the individualized progress method of instruction as a viable alternative to the traditional structured-group method of instruction in all areas of intermediate typewriting achievement except on manuscript production speed development. Business educators should consider the individualized progress method of instruction as a viable alternative to the traditional structured-group method of instruction when favorable attitudes toward intermediate typewriting are important. To utilize the current typewriting facilities at Utah State University more efficiently and to accommodate the needs of individual students, a minimum of two sections of intermediate typewriting should be offered in the typewriting curriculum of Utah State University. One of these sections should be a traditional structured-group method of instruction and the other should be an individualized progress method of instruction.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / In recent years there has been substantial research on Dominican migration and transnationalism, yet these studies have largely overlooked both the manner in which globalisation generates new localisations, and the continuing salience of the state as a mediator between the global and the local. Based upon fieldwork in La Ciénaga, a poor barrio of Santo Domingo, this thesis argues that emplacement, rather than transnationalism, is paradigmatic of the experiences of poor Dominicans and provides their primary source of unity. Race, ethnicity, and social class have long been promoted as structuring the experiences of Caribbean people, but my analysis suggests that these operate more as sources of differentiation than of identification in Santo Domingo’s barrios. I examine the strategies and practices residents deploy to create value in place, overcome their localisation, and achieve progreso (progress) within the bounds of the state. These include transforming the material environment and its symbolic meanings, elaborating certain social hierarchies and contesting others, and developing locality-based political organisations. In the Caribbean, it has been usual for studies of cultural oppositions or dualisms to effectively constitute a different genre to studies of class, race, and globalization. My ethnography indicates that this distinction is false. Residents of La Ciénaga deploy cultural oppositions and notion of difference to define a place in the social hierarchies of the barrio and city, while simultaneously recognising the moral value and identical structural position of those around them. Popular politics in Santo Domingo are characterised by this tension between social stratification and the elaboration of cultural value in place. This thesis develops a political and social economy of value that addresses both the bases of stratification in the sphere of production and the ways in which projects of self-creation, such as through consumption, allow for the elaboration of cultural value and meaning for individuals and social groups. Given the importance of locality to popular politics, I argue that this integrated approach is necessary to any assessment of the transformative potential of community organisations and other political movements in Santo Domingo.

The study of perfection, progress and evolution is a central theme in the history of ideas. This thesis explores this theme seen and understood as part of a discourse in the new fields of anthropology, sociology and psychology in the nineteenth century. A particular focus is on the stance taken by philosophers, scientists and writers in the discussion of theories of human physical and mental evolution, as well as on their views concerning the nature of social progress and historical change. The wisdom and feasibility of improving the human species is discussed alongside an analysis of new methods of investigating and measuring physical and mental attributes of the human organism. The instruments used to assess the development of mind, body and society are described, and are viewed as part of an increased emphasis on the use of technology as an integral part of modern life, and as a means toward the ordered gathering of information in social-scientific practice. An international perspective is taken by observing the way in which ideas about the physical and mental development of humankind was discussed in light and consequence of English and European scientific exploration in the Southern Hemisphere. Further, an evaluation is made of the manner of the spread of new thought in the social sciences from the intellectual and cultural �centre� of England and Europe to the Anglo-European community located at the �periphery� in Australia in the late nineteenth century. In particular the educative role played by the non-professional enthusiast as a pivotal conduit for the dissemination of these ideas is highlighted and linked back to a significant tradition of amateur scholarship as a central phenomenon in the study of the history of ideas.

八○年代的變動主要是指一股全球化的浪潮而言。針對此一浪潮歷史特徵，當代美國學者杭廷頓(Samuel P. Huntington)更稱之為主化過程的「第三波」(the Third Wave)。而第三波的民主化浪潮範圍上可謂涵蓋了世界各地，不但使國際體系的架構為之丕變，對於際間的互動關係亦產生一大衝擊。但本文的焦點並不在於做任何廣泛分析，而是希望以南美第一大國巴西的經驗為例，一方面了解民主化真實意涵，另方面亦藉此對巴西的政經發展做進一步的深入剖析。在我們必需明白，雖然以西方學界中習用的發展理論作為此一研究的基乃是極其便利的作法，但由於大多數人對低度開發國家均缺乏切身之認，導致許多學者往往直接假設它們的過去和現在都和已開發國家的狀況類似；事實上，此種假設嚴重扭曲了開發中國家的真實面貌。因，筆者嘗試以重新搜集史料、整理史料，並進一步以客觀態度解釋史的方式，期使能發掘及討論巴西民主化過程中的各個面向。至於本文究架構大致如下：首先界定民主政治之概念並區分各類民主政權；其，以一九六四年為第一個基點，比較「官僚威權政體時期」前後之統型態特色與其運作對巴西產生的影響；第三，分析一九七○至八○年間軍人政權和民主浪潮的消長之勢及其原因；最後，透過上述各層探整理，試圖對巴西未來發展趨勢作適當研判，期對國內民主改革能提一他山之石。

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2007. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 256-265). Also available on the World Wide Web.