Spatial Augment Reality (SAR) has presented itself to be an interesting tool for not only interesting ways to visualize information but to develop creative works in performance arts. The main challenge is to determine accurate geometry of a projection space and determine an efficient and effective way to project digital media and information to create an augmented space. In our previous implementation of SAR, we developed a projector-camera calibration approach using infrared markers. However, the projection suffers severe distortion due to the lack of depth information in the projection space. For this research, we propose to develop a RGBD sensor - projector system to replace our current projector-camera SAR system. Proper calibration between the camera or sensor and projector links vision to projection, answering the question of which point in camera space maps to what point in the space of projection. Calibration will resolve the problem of capturing the geometry of the space and allow us to accurately augment the surfaces of volumetric objects and features. In this work three calibration methods are examined for performance and accuracy. Two of these methods are existing adaptations of 2D camera - projector calibrations (calibration using arbitrary planes and ray-plane intersection) with our third proposed novel technique which utilizes point cloud information from the RGBD sensor directly. Through analysis and evaluation using re-projection error, results are presented, identifying the proposed method as practical and robust. / Electrical and Computer Engineering

In this thesis, a red green and blue (RGB) laser diode driver (LDD) is designed, assembled and tested, which can work as a standalone device or an internal component fully controlled by a laser projector. In particular, the thesis explores a multi-channel RGB LDD for a retrofitted laser projector, targeting projectors for home, business and education. If laser diodes (LDs) with the same color are connected in series, a higher forward voltage is required, making most commercial LDDs unsuitable for this application due to their insufficient compliance voltages. If the connections of all the LDs are in parallel, issues on size and cost arise since many LDs are used in this case. Another problem to use the commercial LDDs for RGB laser projection is that there are no proper communication interfaces to link the LDDs to the laser projector. In order to solve these problems by taking advantage of all the features of iC-HTG, an integrated circuit with automatic current control functionality, both the hardware circuits and the software for an eight-channel LDD are designed. Experimental results show that all the RGB channels can achieve compliance voltage of 23 V within the required working current range, which can drive up to 5 blue, 4 green or 10 red LDs in series in each single channel. It is confirmed experimentally that the designed LDD can fulfill the requirements on driving current (i.e. 1% accuracy and 1% stability). The protection functions of the developed LDD are also explored and verified experimentally. It can detect the open laser connection before the LDD channels are enabled. Fast over-current protection can be achieved within 1.5 µs. Circuit interfaces and protocols of the communications enable the multi-channel RGB LDD to work as a standalone device or an internal component of the laser projector. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre d'un projet national nommé SRDViand dont le but fut de développer un système robotisé pour le désossage et la découpe des animaux de boucherie. Afin de déterminer les trajectoires de découpe de manière intelligente, un système de lumière structurée a été développé. Il se réfère à des systèmes de vision qui utilisent des modèles de projection de lumière pour des tâches de reconstruction 3D. Afin d'obtenir les meilleurs résultats, la définition d'une nouvelle méthode d'étalonnage pour les systèmes de lumière structurée a été établie. Basé sur un large état de l'art et également sur la proposition d'une classification de ces méthodes, il a été proposé d'étalonner une paire caméra projecteur en utilisant l'asservissement visuel. La validité et les résultats de cette méthode ont été éprouvés sur la base de nombreux tests expérimentaux menés dans le cadre du projet SRDViand. Suite à l'élaboration de cette méthode, un prototype permettant la découpe des bovins a été réalisé. / This thesis is part of a national project named SRDViand whose aim was to develop a robotic system for the deboning and cutting of animals meat. To determine the cut paths, a structured light system has been developed. It refers to vision systems that use light projection models for 3D reconstruction tasks. To achieve best results, the definition of a new calibration method for structured light systems was established . Based on a large state of the art and also with a proposed classification of these methods, it has been proposed to calibrate a camera projector pair using visual servoing . The validity and the results of this method were tested on the basis of numerous experimental tests conducted under the SRDViand project. Following the development of this method, a prototype bovine cutting was performed .

The aim of this thesis is to create a system, which draws the graphics with the help of a set laser project and eventually is able to synthetize several coloured rays and thus realise a multicolour drawing. The whole system is controlled by a Raspberry PI microcomputer and the data is sent to it from a PC via an Ethernet cable. The transmission of the projector device was identified and possible ways of improving the device were suggested. The results of this thesis allow creation of a multi-coloured vector picture, transferring it into the device and depiction on the project desktop. The whole device can therefore be used for example for the purpose of a presentation.

The general aim of my master´s thesis is to study the actual principles of 3D scanning, the anatomy of human teeth, use of 3D scanning in dentistry and other medical fields. Another part of this thesis is about software and hardware design of 3D scanning system, which enable us to scan dental casts. This design is using webcam, projector and turntable. The principle of scanning is based on the activ triangulation. The output of 3D scanner is a horde of spots, which are used for reconstruction of a surface. The reconstructed surface is finally saved as .stl format.

The content of this work is the design and implementation of HW supported by SW for viewing subtitles into the movie, which translates from the projection equipment on 16 mm film, synchronizing subtitles with the movie, at the same time the work also addresses the issues of principle changes the distance of the canvas. Subtitles are loaded by using the SD card slot control by using the control, which is used to display graphics monochrome buttons that are also used for setting the device and its modifications.

Algebro-Differentialgleichungen (engl. differential-algebraic equations - DAEs) sind implizite singuläre gewöhnliche Differentialgleichungen, die restringierte dynamische Prozesse beschreiben. Sie unterscheiden sich von expliziten gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungen dahingehend, dass Anfangswerte nicht beliebig vorgegeben werden können. Weiterhin sind in einer DAE neben Integrations- auch Differentiationsaufgaben involviert. Der Differentiationsindex gibt an, wieviele Differentiationen zur Lösung notwendig sind. Seit den 1980er Jahren wird vorwiegend an der Charakterisierung und Klassifizierung regulärer DAEs und der Konstruktion nebst Fundierung von Integrationsmethoden gearbeitet. I. Higueras, R. März und C. Tischendorf haben gezeigt, dass man lineare DAEs mit properem Hauptterm, A(t)(D(t)x(t))'' + B(t)x(t) = q(t), die regulär mit Traktabilitätsindex 2 sind, zuverlässig numerisch integrieren kann - im Unterschied zu linearen DAEs in Standardform. In Publikationen von R. Riaza und R. März wird die Klassifizierungen kritischer Punkten von linearen DAEs an die Verletzung bestimmter Rangbedingungen von Matrixfunktionen im Rahmen des Traktabilitätsindexes geknüpft. Im wesentlichen heißt ein kritischer Punkt harmlos, wenn der durch die inhärente Differentialgleichung beschriebene Fluß nicht tangiert ist. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit sind lineare quasi-proper formulierte DAEs. Es werden Index 2 DAEs mit harmlosen kritischen Punkten charakterisiert. Unter Verwendung von quasi-zulässigen Projektorfunktionen können neben DAEs, die fast überall gleiche charakteristische Werte haben, nun erstmalig auch solche mit Indexwechseln behandelt werden. Der Hauptteil der Arbeit besteht im Nachweis von Durchführbarkeit, Konvergenz und nur schwacher Instabilität von numerischen Integrationsmethoden (BDF, IRK(DAE)) für lineare Index 2 DAEs mit harmlosen kritischen Punkten, sowie in der Entwicklung von Fehlerschätzern und Schrittweitensteuerung. / Differential-algebraic equations (DAEs) are implicit singular ordinary differential equations, which describe dynamical processes that are restricted by some constraints. In contrast to explicit regular ordinary differential equations, for a DAE not any value can be imposed as an initial condition. Furthermore, DAEs involve not only integration problems but also differentiation problems. The differentiation index of a DAE indicates the number of differentiations required in order to solve a DAE. Since the 1980th, research focuses primarily on the characterization and classification of regular problem classes and the construction and foundation of integration methods for simulation software. I. Higueras, R. Maerz, and C. Tischendorf have shown that one can reliably integrate a general linear DAE with a properly stated leading term, A(t)(D(t)x(t))'' + B(t)x(t) = q(t), which is regular with tractability index 2 - in contrast to linear standard form DAEs. The first classification of critical points of linear DAEs has been published by R. Riaza and R. Maerz. Based on the tractability index, critical points are classified according to failures of certain rank conditions of matrix functions. Essentially, a critical point is said to be harmless, if the flow described by the inherent differential equation is not affected. The subject of this work are quasi-proper linear DAEs. Index-2 DAEs with harmless critical points are characterized. Under the application of quasi-admissible projector functions. Besides DAEs which have almost everywhere the same characteristic values, DAEs with index changes can now be discussed for the first time. The main part of the work is to provide a proof of feasibility, convergence, and only weak instability of numerical integration methods (BDF, IRK (DAE)) for linear index-2 DAEs with harmless critical points, as well as the development and testing of error estimators and stepsize control.

Iterative methods are extensively used to solve linear and nonlinear problems arising from both pure and applied sciences, and in particular, in fixed point theory and optimization. An iterative method which is used to find a fixed point of an operator or an optimal solution to an optimization problem generates a sequence in an iterative manner. We are in a hope that this sequence can converge to a solution of the problem under investigation. It is therefore quite naturally to require that the distance of this sequence to the solution set of the problem under investigation be decreasing from iteration to iteration. This is the idea of Fejer-monotonicity. In this paper, We consider quasi-Fejer monotone sequences; that is, we consider Fejer monotone sequences together with errors. Properties of quasi-Fejer monotone sequences are investigated, weak and strong convergence of quasi-Fejer monotone sequences are obtained, and an application to the convex feasibility problem is included.

The essay represents the projector principle, on which, as the essay’s author believes, the narration of The Summer Lightning and Other Stories by Olive Senior is based. The projector principle illustrates the idea that little details and images in the text serve big purposes, for example, reflect the emotional state of the characters or how the characters construct their identity. The literary analysis of the present essay aims at exploring a complicated identity construction in the context of Jamaica with its half-lost indigenous and half-remained colonial legacies through the identity construction of adolescent Jamaican protagonists of the short stories.

The miniaturization of projection technology has enabled a new class of lightweight mobile devices with embedded projectors. Projection engines as small as a postage stamp are currently being embedded in thousands of mobile devices. Mobile projector-based devices differ in very fundamental ways from the display-based devices we commonly use. Mobile projectors can be carried with the user and project imagery into almost any space, projected content is visible to multiple users and supports social interaction, physical objects and surfaces can be augmented with projected content, and embedded projectors can enable new form-factors for mobile displays. This research investigates the potential of mobile projectors as a new platform for human-computer interaction. I aim to demonstrate that the unique affordances created by the miniaturization of projection technology can inspire new and compelling interaction with single-users, multi-users, the environment, and projector-embedded objects. This research presents a comprehensive survey of mobile projector-based interaction – documenting interaction with historic projection devices; introducing novel interaction techniques, metaphors, and principles for mobile projector-based systems; providing implementation details of functional prototype devices using mobile projectors; presenting technical innovations, such as the development of specialized projectors and custom marker tracking algorithms; and detailing results from preliminary user testing with the prototype systems created. This research forms a systematic investigation of the past, the present, and a possible future for interaction using mobile projectors.