Public service in Sweden is one of the biggest employers for journalists. But there are numerous articles out there talking about the problematic working conditions that journalists have to deal with on a daily basis. The most frequent reasons that describe the working conditions for journalists are high stress, overworked, no time and short-term employment.  This study aims to examine how poor working conditions affect journalists at Public service, what the consequences for the journalists are, and how it impacts the quality of journalism. Journalistic professionalism can be described as how journalists see themselves. Normative ideas defining journalistic work, ethics and what the mission of a journalist is, what's important and the journalistic ideals are strong among journalists in Sweden. And today this is challenged by managerialism, which focuses on how the organization can evolve and promote organizational efficiency, business ideals and how the organization itself can move forward and reach the goals. This leads the organization further from in this case the values of journalisms. And in the end can affect the duty of Public service and in the long run also affect the most important job a journalist has which is being the fourth estate. A qualitative interview study was adopted for this study. We conducted in depth interviews with six journalists that work or have worked at Public service. By doing this the result of the study shows that poor working conditions like efficiency, affects the journalistic process and the result is negative. And in the end it also affects the democracy which is according to Public service themself the most important task they have. But as mentioned above journalists have a strong professional identity, even though the working conditions are not good, they still stay because of  professionalism.

Tillgången till opartisk information är av stor vikt för demokratiska samhällen. Där fyller public service-kanalernas nyhetsrapportering en viktig roll. Grupper med lågt förtroende för public service nyhetsrapportering riskerar att missgynnas genom högre utsatthet för desinformation, vilket har negativa effekter på samhälleligt engagemang och demokratiskt deltagande. Denna studie syftar till att utreda effekten av klass på sannolikheten att ha lågt förtroende för public service nyhetsrapportering. Social klass definieras utifrån Bourdieus teori om kulturellt och ekonomiskt kapital vilka mäts i form av utbildningsnivå och hushållsinkomst. Förtroende knyts an till Bourdieus begrepp habitus och till Putnams teori om socialt kapital. Studien använder sig av surveydata från 1 154 personer bosatta i Sverige och den primära analysmetoden är linjär sannolikhetmodell (LPM). I analysen kontrolleras effekten av kön, ålder, mellanmänsklig tillit och partisympati på sambandet. H1 var att sannolikheten att ha ett lågt förtroende för public service nyhetsrapportering minskar med stigande utbildningsnivå. Denna hypotes bekräftas. H2 var att sannolikheten att ha ett lågt förtroende för public service nyhetsrapportering minskar med stigande hushållsinkomst. Resultaten indikerar att hypotesen kan bekräftas men uppvisar ingen signifikans. H3 var att kontrollvariablerna har en förklarande effekt på sambandet mellan social klass och lågt förtroende för public service nyhetsrapportering. Denna hypotes bekräftas när social klass mäts genom kulturellt kapital, men inte ekonomiskt kapital. Över lag har den svenska befolkningen högt förtroende för nyhetsrapporteringen i public service. Social klass har mycket liten förklaringsförmåga på sannolikheten att ha lågt förtroende. I stället tycks egenskaper som manlig könsidentitet, sympati med Sverigedemokraterna samt låg mellanmänsklig tillit vara riskfaktorer för lågt förtroende. Studien belyser ett nödvändigt område för vidare forskning för att på sikt säkerställa lika tillgång till opartisk information bland hela Sveriges befolkning.

This thesis discusses the similarities and differences between position classifications in public service and a state institution of higher learning.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / This is a case study of the impact a future search conference had on Gas Distribution and Delivery, a business within the Public Service of New Jersey utility company as it made a major transition from a regulated monopoly to a competitive, deregulated business. The study found that problems addressed were both technical and socio-technical. The data displayed four "organization ripples." The first ripple shows how large-scale change methodology can align diverse stakeholder groups, faced with complex challenges that require full collaboration to solve. This was a challenge for a traditional utility company that was very hierarchical and operated under a traditional command-and-control culture. The second ripple addressed the need for a new business model predicated on empowerment and the need for both efficiency and effectiveness of execution. Formal systems must be congruent with organization culture if new technology is expected to have a significant, positive impact. The third ripple focused on the importance of organization culture and its influence on collaboration in the wake of deregulation and changes in state regulation that remove historical barriers from competition and open up possibilities for competitive business--leading to an emphasis on customer response time. The fourth ripple highlighted how an organization can address its supervisors' perception of work, and how an empowered workforce can create a more integrative business strategy, where employees work together as one, not as many individual "tribes" within an organization. The concept of organization "fit" is explored as competitive advantage. The study covered a ten-year span from 1997 to 2007. The initial work of the Future Search Conference covered a period of time from approximately 1997 to 2000, creating the foundation of all four ripples. In addition to documenting the conference, itself, the researcher also was able to interview the management team responsible for these initiatives in 2007 and to document the impact of the change effort over the entire ten-year period. Implications are drawn about what role organization development may play in assisting 21st century companies with their learning and developmental needs. / 2999-01-01

The viewership of public service media in post communist countries of the so-called Eastern Bloc is steadily declining. The need for their support brings about a question about the future of PSB model. The shape of public service remit differs across the selected countries of the Visegrád Group despite the former similarities. This study is trying to provide the reader with a solid comparison of the evolution of public service broadcasting from 4 points of view: regulation, politicization, viewer's attractiveness and sources of funding. The analysis should shed some light into the discussion of future role of PSBs in post-communist democracies. The first part of this thesis is focused on the history of former Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland with stress on the broadcasting media and their regulation until 1989. It is followed with the key part analyzing the establishment of dual system, transformation of state-owned media into public service broadcasters and the setting up of the first democratic broadcasting laws. Next chapter describes the current state of European broadcasting regulation and its impact on member states' broadcasters. The closing part evaluates the major differences in compared public service media and provides possible implications for further development of PSBs.

The viewership of public service media in post-communist countries of the so-called Eastern Bloc is steadily declining. The need for their support brings about a question about the future of PSB model. The shape of public service remit differs across the selected countries of the Visegrád Group despite the former similarities of media landscapes. This study is trying to provide the reader with a solid comparison of the evolution of public service broadcasting from 4 points of view: regulation, politicization, viewer's attractiveness and sources of funding. The analysis should shed some light into the discussion of future role of PSB's in post-communist democracies. The first part of this thesis is focused on the history of former Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland with stress on the broadcasting media and their regulation until 1989. It is followed with the key part analyzing the establishment of dual system, transformation of state-owned media into public service broadcasters and the setting up of the first democratic broadcasting laws. Next chapter describes the current state of European broadcasting regulation and its impact on member states' broadcasters. The closing part evaluates the major differences in compared public service media and provides possible implications for further development...

<p>The aim with this study is to identify and discuss discourses in public service policy documents to clarify that public service policy is political and not self-evident. The study's theoretical as well as methodological starting point is the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe, which ontological position is that all meaning is constructed by discourses. In the studied material, two discourses have been identified in policy concerning the content in public service media. The responsibility-discourse construct meanings of <em>what</em> content the policy wants to see in public service media and in the quality-discourse meanings of <em>how</em> the content should be is constructed. Public service policy is consistent over the period that has been studied and the study shows that there is consensus in the parliament about the regulation of the content in public service media. The policy regarding the content in public service also constructs meanings about the audience.</p>

Die Arbeit befasst sich theoretisch und empirisch mit der so genannten Public Service Motivation (PSM) und ihrem Zusammenhang zu anderen psychologischen Motivationstheorien. Die Public Service Motivation geht davon aus, dass öffentlich Beschäftigte unter anderem dadurch motiviert sind, dass sie in ihrer Arbeit einen Dienst am Gemeinwohl sehen. Auf Basis einer empirischen Erhebung konnte dieses Konstrukt auch für Beschäftigte in Deutschland nachgewiesen und der Einfluss soziodemographischer Variablen bestätigt werden. Darüber hinaus gibt die Arbeit erste Hinweise auf Zusammenhänge zu verschiedenen Prozesstheorien der Motivation. Empirisch zeigt sich vor allem zur Gleichheitstheorie und dem darauf aufbauenden Equity Sensitivity Construct ein starker Zusammenhang. / This thesis theoretically and empirically addresses the construct of Public Service Motivation (PSM) and its relationship to other psychological motivation theories. The concept of Public Service Motivation states that employees working in the public sector are primarily motivated by serving the common good. Based on an empirical study this construct was applied to public employees in Germany. Moreover the thesis collects evidence for the relationship between Public Service Motivation and process theories of motivation. As a key result, strong correlations were found between the PSM and the Equity Sensitivity Construct, a modification of equity theory.

The aim with this study is to identify and discuss discourses in public service policy documents to clarify that public service policy is political and not self-evident. The study's theoretical as well as methodological starting point is the discourse theory of Laclau and Mouffe, which ontological position is that all meaning is constructed by discourses. In the studied material, two discourses have been identified in policy concerning the content in public service media. The responsibility-discourse construct meanings of what content the policy wants to see in public service media and in the quality-discourse meanings of how the content should be is constructed. Public service policy is consistent over the period that has been studied and the study shows that there is consensus in the parliament about the regulation of the content in public service media. The policy regarding the content in public service also constructs meanings about the audience.