Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1995.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1995.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1994. / Thesis date from spine.

No description available.

A replication of "Stresses Experienced by Primiparous Women in the First Two Weeks Postpartum" (Wolfel, 1986) was undertaken to identify stressors experienced by women in the first 2 weeks postpartum and to compare results with the original study. Because of changes in the standard of care, a study replication was desirable. The replication sample consisted of 20 primiparous women who completed the Postpartum Stress Questionnaire (PSQ), a new tool developed by Wolfel. Descriptive data displayed the existence of stress. Analysis of variance, t tests, and correlation coefficients were used to find significant correlations between demographic characteristics and PSQ responses. Age correlated positively with stress. Married women reported stress in physiological and psychological areas. Women who had a miscarriage were more likely to exhibit postpartal stress. No relationship was found between PSQ and variables of previous experience with child care, length of hospital stay, use of pain medication, or prenatal caretaker.

New mothers often complain of impaired cognitive functioning, and it is well documented that women experience a significant increase in sleep disturbance after the birth of a child. Sleep disturbance has been linked to impaired cognitive performance in several populations, including commercial truck drivers, airline pilots, and medical residents, though this relationship has rarely been studied in postpartum women. In the present study 13 pregnant women and a group of 22 non-pregnant controls completed one week of actigraphy followed by a battery of neuropsychological tests and questionnaires in the last month of pregnancy (Time 1) and again at four weeks postpartum (Time 2). Pregnant women experienced significantly more objective and subjective sleep disturbance than the control group at both time points. They also demonstrated more impairment in objective, but not subjective cognitive functioning. Preliminary analyses indicated increased objective sleep fragmentation from Time 1 to Time 2 predicted decreased objective cognitive performance from Time 1 to Time 2, though small sample size limited the power of these findings. Implications for perinatal women and need for future research were discussed.

Durante o puerpério há muita incidência de doenças reprodutivas acarretando aumento do intervalo entre partos, bem como diminuição na taxa de concepção. A endometrite é uma enfermidade puerperal que se caracteriza por um processo inflamatório superficial do endométrio. Com o intuito de se obter novas ferramentas diagnósticas não invasivas, precisas e que proporcionam resultados precoce à reprodução, faz-se uso da ultrassonografia convencional associada a ferramenta Doppler que fornece informações em tempo real sobre a arquitetura vascular e os aspectos hemodinâmicos dos vasos em diversos órgãos. Este estudo tem por objetivo descrever, através da ultrassonografia Doppler, as alterações hemodinâmicas no útero de fêmeas bovinas causadas pela endometrite. Avaliou-se o trato reprodutivo feminino de vacas entre 25 a 35 dias pós-parto utilizando a vaginoscopia, ultrassonografia convencional e Doppler, além de citologia e exame microbiológico em 89 vacas Holandesas sendo 33 sadias (controle) e 56 com endometrite diagnosticadas por citologia (saudáveis <10% de polimorfonucleares). Os resultados obtidos destacam-se a que animais com endometrite apresentavam aumento de cérvix (p=0,04), e de útero representado pelo corno esquerdo (p=0,02). Porém não foi observado diferença quando comparado os escore de condição corporal (ECC). Quanto a ultrassonografia notou-se que animais com fluido intrauterino (FIU) e conteúdo heterogêneo intrauterino (CHIU) tinham endometrite (p<0,0001), além de correlação com a presença de Trueperella pyogenes e leveduras. Com o modo cores do Doppler obteve-se a vascularização de mesométrio (p=0,004) e endométrio (p=0,025) associada aendometrite. Entretanto não foi observado diferença estatística nas medidas do Doppler espectral (índice de resistividade, pulsatilidade e fluxo sanguíneo). Portanto a busca de novas técnicas, menos invasivas e de rápido resultado, como a ultrassonografia Doppler, podem fornecer respostas satisfatórias quanto a evolução de alterações uterinas e com isso associar os resultados à precocidade reprodutiva. / During the puerperium period there is a high incidence of reproductive diseases resulting in increased calving interval and decrease in conception rate. The endometritis is a postpartum disease that is characterized by a superficial inflammation of endometrium. With the aim to obtain new non-invasive and accurate diagnostic tools, that provide early results in reproduction, it is possible to be used the conventional ultrasound associated to Doppler that provides real time information about vascular architecture and hemodynamic aspects of vessels in several organs. This study aims to describe, through Doppler ultrasound, hemodynamic changes in the uterus of cows caused by endometritis. Were evaluated the female reproductive tract of 89 Holstein cows between 25 to 35 days postpartum using vaginoscopy, conventional ultrasound and Doppler, as well as cytology and microbiological examination. From the 89 animals that were studied, 33 were healthy (control) and 56 with endometritis diagnosed by cytology (healthy <10% polymorphonuclear). The obtained results show that animals with endometritis had increase in cervix (p = 0.04) and the uterus represented by left uterine horn (p = 0.02). However, it was not detected difference when compared the body condition score (BCS). About the ultrasound was noted that animals with intrauterine fluid (IUF) and intrauterine heterogeneous content (IUHC) had endometritis (p <0.0001) correlation with the presence of Trueperella pyogenes and yeasts. With the color Doppler mode it was possible to obtain the vascularization of mesometrium (p = 0.004) and endometrium (p = 0.025) associated with endometritis. However, it was not observed statistical difference in the measurements of the spectral Doppler (resistance index, pulsatility and blood flow). Therefore, the search for new techniques, less invasive and fast result, as the Doppler ultrasound can provide satisfactory answers as the evolution of uterine changes and thereby associate the results to the reproductive precocity.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a influência dos fatores etários, do puerpério, da castração, bem como a influência do confinamento no lipidograma e nas funções hepática e renal. Foram mensurados os valores séricos de colesterol, triglicérides, ácidos graxos não esterificados (NEFA), β-hidroxibutirato (B-HBO), ureia, creatinina, proteína total, albumina, aspartato-aminotransferase (AST), gama glutamil transferase (GGT), creatina quinase (CK) e glicose. Para realização do experimento foram utilizados 370 bovinos da raça Purunã. Os animais foram dispostos em 4 diferentes experimentos. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA, usando o procedimento GLM do SAS. Concluiu-se que os constituintes metabólicos foram consideravelmente influenciados pela idade, sexo, puerpério e sistema de criação. Devido à grande quantidade de amostras estrategicamente colhidas, obtidas de diferentes manejos, também foi possível sugerir valores de referência para os análitos, nestes experimentos mensurados, para bovinos da raça Purunã de diferentes idades, sexos, fases do periparto e do puerpério e em confinamento. / The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of age, after childbirth, castration, as well as the influence of confinement on lipid profile and in liver and kidney function. We measured the levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (B-HBO), urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK) and glucose. For the experiment we used 370 cattle breed Purunã. The animals were assigned to four different experiments. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, using the GLM procedure of SAS. It was concluded that the constituents were considerably influenced by metabolic age, sex, and postpartum creation system. Due to the large amount of strategically collected samples, obtained from different management, it was also possible to suggest values for the analytes, measured in these experiments, Purunã to breed cattle of different ages, sexes, and stages of peripartum and postpartum and confinement.

Submitted by Suzana Dias (suzana.dias@famerp.br) on 2018-10-25T16:14:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaLuizaCamuriMachado_dissert.pdf: 1500744 bytes, checksum: fe3ce2214fbc5057ef8abfdd48467aa5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-25T16:14:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaLuizaCamuriMachado_dissert.pdf: 1500744 bytes, checksum: fe3ce2214fbc5057ef8abfdd48467aa5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-12 / While aspects associated to benefits, duration and problems of breastfeeding are widespread in the scientific environment, issues related to selfefficacy in the breastfeeding process are still little addressed. Objective: To describe the self-efficacy for breastfeeding of postpartum women attended in a Health Insurance Plan. Material and Method: A descriptive, exploratory study with quantitative approach was developed with puerperal women who attended a course of birth preparation or were linked to a private health plan in the city of São José do Rio Preto , SP. Those with single, full-term newborns with good vitality at birth and hospital discharge were included. A socioeconomic questionnaire and breastfeeding selfefficacy scale (BSES-VB) were used for data collection. Results: A total of 98 postpartum women participated in the study. Of the participants, 32.7% were covered by health care plans, but did not participate in the course offered to pregnant women. Women who participated in the course of pregnant women had significantly higher selfefficacy in breastfeeding compared to those who did not participate. The level of selfefficacy was: 42.9% "high"; 27.5% "average" and 29.6% "low". The highest selfefficacy scores were observed among the exclusively breastfed women (69.4%). The technical domain had a higher score when compared to the intrapersonal domain score. Conclusion: The course offered to pregnant women proved to be relevant as a tool of great importance for the positivity of self-efficacy. These data have stood out the importance of the obstetrical nurses' performance in this setting, field of study, on the teaching / learning process on breastfeeding, a role that comprises multiple actions in the development of specific competences, reception, motivation and orientation, thus, improving the increase of compliance as well as the duration of breastfeeding . This research was performed in the field of a Nursing master degree program, Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP). “Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy as assessed by the BSES: a literature review” and “Use of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES) in the analysis of breastfeeding confidence” were both the papers produced on the theme. / Enquanto os aspectos que envolvem os benefícios, a duração e os problemas do aleitamento materno são bastante difundidos no meio científico, as questões relacionadas à autoeficácia no processo de amamentar ainda são pouco abordadas. Objetivo: Descrever a autoeficácia para amamentação de puérperas atendidas em um convênio de saúde. Material e Método: Pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, de abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvida com puérperas que frequentaram curso de preparo para o nascimento ou estavam vinculadas a um plano privado de saúde na cidade de São José do Rio Preto, SP. Foram incluídas aquelas com recém-nascido único, de termo, com boa vitalidade ao nascer e na alta hospitalar. Para coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário sócio-econômico e a Breastfeeding Self Efficacy Scale (BSES-VB). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 98 puérperas. Das participantes, 32,7% eram conveniadas, mas não participaram do curso oferecido para gestantes. As mulheres que participaram do curso de gestantes apresentaram autoeficácia na amamentação significativamente superior em relação àquelas que não participaram do curso. O grau de auto eficácia foi: 42,9% “alta”; 27,5% “média” e 29,6% “baixa”. Os maiores escores de auto eficácia foram alcançados entre as puérperas em amamentação exclusiva (69,4%). O domínio técnico apresentou escore superior quando comparado ao escore do domínio de pensamento intrapessoal. Conclusão: O curso oferecido para gestantes mostrou-se relevante como ferramenta de grande importância para a positividade da autoeficácia. Os dados obtidos destacam a importância da atuação das enfermeiras obstetras desta instituição, campo do estudo, no processo de ensino/aprendizagem sobre amamentação; papel que envolve múltiplas ações no desenvolvimento de competências específicas, acolhimento, motivação e orientação, assim, contribuindo para o aumento da adesão e do tempo de manutenção da lactância. Esta pesquisa foi realizada em nível de mestrado acadêmico, junto ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem da Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) e teve dois manuscritos decorrentes: um apresentado no exame geral de qualificação, denominado Autoeficácia na amamentação com uso da “Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale” (BSES): estudo de base bibliográfica e outro para a defesa do mestrado, com o título Uso da “Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES) na análise da autoeficácia na amamentação