Denna studie har undersökt möjligheten att implementera ett trådlöst kommunikationssystem i en ugnsmiljö. Den trådlösa kommunikationstekniken som har använts är av standarden IEEE 802.15.4. För denna undersökning har ett trådlöst mätsystem för temperatur konstruerats. För att hålla nere temperaturen på detta mätsystem har kapslingsmaterialen keramik och glasull använts. Resultatet av mätningarna visar att kvalitén på radiokommunikationen kan förväntas vara god för de testade förhållande med kapsling och en temperatur upp till 200 grader. För de testade förhållandena i ugnsmiljön visar mätresultat att positionering är av större betydelse än värmeutvecklingen och kapslingen. / This study has explored the possibility to implement a wireless communication system in an ovenenvironment. For this exploration a wireless measurement system for temperature have beenconstructed. The technology of use is a radio communication system with the standard IEEE 802.15.4. The high temperature in the oven environment is kept down at the electronic by using anenclosure. The enclosure material that have been examined is a ceramic layer and a fibreglasslayer. The result of this study shows that the quality of the radio communication for the tested enclosureis expected to be good for temperatures up to 200 degrees. For the test cases the relation betweenthe radio module’s positioning is more important than the increase of temperature and the use ofan enclosure.

<p>The idea for the thesis “Construction and implementation of a mobile prototype; The Lovebomb” originates from doctoral candidates Rebecca Hansson and Tobias Skog from PLAY Research Group at the Interactive Institute in Gothenburg. The object of the master thesis is to construct two working LoveBomb prototypes, one mother console belonging to the LoveBomb and blueprints for both. The LoveBomb (the picture to the right shows a possible design) is intended to encourage people to express themselves emotionally when situated amongst strangers in public spaces. Two buttons control the device, which contains a radio transceiver. By pushing the buttons the user can either send a happy message or a sad message. The LoveBombs in the vicinity receive the sent message and lets its user know which message that has been received by vibrating either a sad irregular pulse or a happy continuous pulse. While vibrating the LoveBomb send out a confirm message. The confirm message can only be received by a LoveBomb which has recently sent out a message. After receiving a confirm message the LoveBomb conveys this to the user by turning on a red LED (light emitting diode) and letting the LED shine for about half a minute. During this time the LoveBomb can only receive messages. If it receives a message, during these 30 seconds, the LED is turned off and the prototype starts vibrating according to the received message. Should a LoveBomb which has sent a message fail to receive a confirm message it conveys this to the user by turning on and off the LED three times. After this the prototype is ready to send another message. The picture below shows a state diagram of the LoveBomb. The mother console registers all the communication between the LoveBomb, by pushing a button the user can see how many happy respectively sad messages that has been sent. Our workstarted with the doctoral candidates communicating their thoughts and wishes concerning the prototype to us. We organized this information into a requirement specification. We started the development of the Lovebomb and the belonging mother console by selecting a suitable micro controller. We choose PIC16C84 from Microchip but changed later to its successor PIC16F84, because the latter was easier to get a hold of. The micro controller controls all the other components. When we knew how to program the micro controller, we started working with a transceiver, suggested by the doctoral candidates, DR3001 from RFM. After establishing a meaningful communication between two micro controllers connected with on transceiver each, this was the hardest and most important part, we began working with not so vital component such as diodes, vibrators and buttons. When we were finished with the implementation and construction we examined the prototype and compared it to the requirement specification. To our satisfaction the prototype did not differ a lot from the requirements and the existing differences were improvements from the original idea. During the development process both of us learned a lot about assembler programming, electrical engineering and radio communication.</p>

The idea for the thesis “Construction and implementation of a mobile prototype; The Lovebomb” originates from doctoral candidates Rebecca Hansson and Tobias Skog from PLAY Research Group at the Interactive Institute in Gothenburg. The object of the master thesis is to construct two working LoveBomb prototypes, one mother console belonging to the LoveBomb and blueprints for both. The LoveBomb (the picture to the right shows a possible design) is intended to encourage people to express themselves emotionally when situated amongst strangers in public spaces. Two buttons control the device, which contains a radio transceiver. By pushing the buttons the user can either send a happy message or a sad message. The LoveBombs in the vicinity receive the sent message and lets its user know which message that has been received by vibrating either a sad irregular pulse or a happy continuous pulse. While vibrating the LoveBomb send out a confirm message. The confirm message can only be received by a LoveBomb which has recently sent out a message. After receiving a confirm message the LoveBomb conveys this to the user by turning on a red LED (light emitting diode) and letting the LED shine for about half a minute. During this time the LoveBomb can only receive messages. If it receives a message, during these 30 seconds, the LED is turned off and the prototype starts vibrating according to the received message. Should a LoveBomb which has sent a message fail to receive a confirm message it conveys this to the user by turning on and off the LED three times. After this the prototype is ready to send another message. The picture below shows a state diagram of the LoveBomb. The mother console registers all the communication between the LoveBomb, by pushing a button the user can see how many happy respectively sad messages that has been sent. Our workstarted with the doctoral candidates communicating their thoughts and wishes concerning the prototype to us. We organized this information into a requirement specification. We started the development of the Lovebomb and the belonging mother console by selecting a suitable micro controller. We choose PIC16C84 from Microchip but changed later to its successor PIC16F84, because the latter was easier to get a hold of. The micro controller controls all the other components. When we knew how to program the micro controller, we started working with a transceiver, suggested by the doctoral candidates, DR3001 from RFM. After establishing a meaningful communication between two micro controllers connected with on transceiver each, this was the hardest and most important part, we began working with not so vital component such as diodes, vibrators and buttons. When we were finished with the implementation and construction we examined the prototype and compared it to the requirement specification. To our satisfaction the prototype did not differ a lot from the requirements and the existing differences were improvements from the original idea. During the development process both of us learned a lot about assembler programming, electrical engineering and radio communication.

Intern radiokommunikation ombord på fartyg är viktigt för att höja effektiviteten på arbetet samt säkerheten under dagliga operationer. Brister i den interna radiokommunikationen kan leda till allt från irritation till storskaliga olyckor. Syftet med detta arbete är därför att ta reda på vilka lösningar som finns ombord på fartygen idag, både tekniska och fartygens egna lösningar, för att förbättra den interna radiokommunikationen. Ambitionen är att fartygen ska kunna lära sig av varandra och på så sätt göra kommunikationen effektivare. För att undersöka det så har en kvalitativ forskningsmetod och semistrukturerade intervjuer används för att intervjua sjömän som arbetar på fartyg ägda av svenska rederier med multikulturell besättning. Studien fann att det inte är tekniken som är problemet och att samtliga fartyg upplever att de har godtagbar kommunikation ombord men det saknas vilja och tid till att förbättra den. Resultatet visar också på en okunskap om vikten av att följa arbetsspråket och därför bör inställningen förändras för att en förbättring av radiokommunikationen ska kunna ske. / Internal radio communication onboard ships is vital in order to increase the efficiency and security during daily operations. Lack of efficient internal radio communication can result in irritation among the crew all the way to severe accidents. The purpose of this paper is to find out what is being done onboard ships today, both technical and shipboard inventions, in order to improve the internal radio communication. Our ambition is for ships to be able to share knowledge among each other in order to improve internal communication. In order to examine this, seafarers with background in the Swedish fleet working with a multicultural crew have been interviewed using a qualitative study. A semi structured interview has been used in order to conduct this study. The results concluded that the technical solutions are not the root cause and that all ships feel they have adequate communication but a lack of will and time leads to no improvement. The results also show a lack of knowledge about the importance of following the working language and therefore the mindset regarding internal communication should change in order to improve radio communication onboard.

I denna uppsats betraktas två olika bandspridningstekniker och vilken påverkan de har på telekrigsförmågan. Uppsatsen svarar på frågan: Vilka möjligheter finns att bedriva signalspaning och störning mot radiokommunikation som använder bandspridningsteknikerna frekvenshopp eller direktsekvens? Inledningsvis beskrivs en modell för telekrig mot radiokommunikation, ”telekrigcykeln”. Därefter beskrivs principer för ett radiosystem samt de två bandspridningsteknikerna frekvenshopp och direktsekvens. Slutligen analyseras bandspridningsteknikernas påverkan med hjälp av telekrigcykeln och resultaten diskuteras. Uppsatsen kommer fram till att båda signalerna går att spana mot, direktsekvens innebär större svårigheter för signalspaningen än frekvenshopp. Störning av båda signalerna görs bäst med störsändare som befinner sig nära radiomottagaren, dock är det svårt att placera störsändare nära motståndarens mottagare. / This essay examines two spread-spectrum technologies and what their effects are on the electronic warfare ability. The essay seeks to answer this question: What are the possibilities for signals intelligence and communications jamming against radio communications using one of the two spread-spectrum technologies frequency-hopping and direct sequence? The essay initially describes a model for how electronic warfare against radio communication is conducted, “telekrigcykeln”. It then describes the principles of a radio system as well as the two spread-spectrum technologies frequency-hopping and direct sequence. Using the model “telekrigcykeln” the essay finally analyses and discusses the impact of the spread-spectrum technologies. The essay finds that it is possible to conduct signals intelligence towards both signals, however direct sequence pose bigger problems than frequency-hopping. Both signals are easiest to jam using a jammer in close proximity to the radio receiver. However, close-proximity jammers are harder to place close to the opponent’s receiver.

Intresset för smarta hem ökar kraftigt. Efterhand som smarta hem-konceptet utvecklats och trådlös kommunikation blivit normen har komplexiteten hos systemen ökat och nya säkerhets- och integritetsproblem uppdagats. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om någon information kan utvinnas ur kommunikationen hos ett smart dörrlås som finns ute på marknaden i dagsläget. Detta har undersökts i form av experiment genom avlyssning av dörrlåsets kommunikation följt av automatiserad och manuell analys av den insamlade datan. Resultatet av studien visar att avlyssning kan användas för att kategorisera kommunikationen och kartlägga interaktionen med det uppkopplade dörrlåset. / The interest in smart homes is increasing rapidly. As the smart home concept has evolved and wireless communication has become the norm, the complexity of the systems have increased and additional security and privacy problems have surfaced. The purpose of this paper is to examine if any information can be extracted from the communication of a smart door lock currently available on the market. This has been investigated in form of experiments through the interception of the door lock’s communication followed by automated and manual analysis of the data collected. The results of the study show that interception can be used to categorize the communication and for mapping of interaction with the connected door lock.

Internet of Thing (IoT) products have in recent years become increasingly popular with both industries and private consumers, and it has been forecasted that the number of connected devices around the world will be roughly 14 billion in the year 2022. One particular field that the booming of IoT solutions continues to create endless possibilities for is smart offices. Several different devices are connected in an office environment to create a better workplace and enable a better, faster and smarter working approach. However, while there are several advantages with IoTs, they have also introduced new security threats that can not be overlooked. In this thesis, the security of a smart office system designed by Yanzi is examined. The system consists of a gateway, 34 sensors and a cloud service embedded as a SaaS. The security analysis was performed in three steps: planning, penetration testing and reporting. Radio frequency (RF) hacking against the systems RF communication was the main focus of the work. Due to some technical issues, not all selected attacks were possible to perform. Out of three that were possible to perform, one of them revealed a security flaw. Different countermeasures for the found flaw were proposed. / ”Internet av saker” produkter har under de senaste åren blivit alltmer populära bland både industrier och privata konsumenter, och man har prognostiserat att antalet anslutna enheter runt om i världen kommer att vara ungefär 14 miljarder år 2022. Ett särskilt område som ökandet av IoT-lösningar fortsätter att skapa oändliga möjligheter för är smarta kontor. Flera olika enheter är anslutna i en kontorsmiljö för att skapa en bättre arbetsplats och möjliggöra ett bättre, snabbare och smartare arbetssätt. Även om det finns flera fördelar med IoT, har de också infört nya säkerhetshot som inte kan förbises. I denna avhandling undersöks säkerheten för ett smart kontorssystem som designats av Yanzi. Systemet består av en gateway, 34 sensorer och en molntjänst inbäddad som en SaaS. Säkerhetsanalysen utfördes i tre steg: planering, penetrationstestning och rapportering. Radiofrekvenshackning mot systemets radiokommunikation var huvudfokus för arbetet. På grund av vissa tekniska problem var det inte möjligt att utföra alla föreslagna attacker. Av de tre som var möjliga att utföra avslöjade en av dem ett säkerhetsfel. Olika motåtgärder för den funna sårbarheten föreslås.

This thesis describes the work process two (WP2) of a project led by the traffic administration in Stockholm to achieve the passengers' thermal comfort in traffic buses.  The purpose of this thesis is to design and implement a measurement system comprised in eight measurement position in a bus. Each position is able to transmit data using a wireless communication protocol, with a central unit collecting all the transmitted data taking into consideration the accuracy of the measurements and filtering out the incorrect data. In order to accomplish this, a literature study is conducted investigating different measurement methods for different parameters, different communication protocols were analysed as well to determine an appropriate communication protocol suitable for climate measurement in a bus environment with passengers present on board.  The output of the HVAC system is also required to help the traffic administration demonstrate the results of adjusting the temperature in the bus to reach the thermal comfort and how it led to saving energy. The system incorporates ZigBee , ESP32 microcontroller in the sender positions and a Raspberry pi operating as a central unit to collect data and store it in a file system providing an accurate data that will help the traffic administration achieve their goals. Unfortunately, there were some diffculties accessing CAN system data to provide the output of the HVAC system. / Detta examensarbete beskriver arbetsprocess två i ett projekt som leds av trafikförvaltningen i Stockholm för att uppnå termiska komfort för passagerare i busstrafik.  Syftet med detta examensarbete är att utforma och implementera ett mätsystem bestående av åtta positioner i en buss. Varje position kan överföra data med hjälp av ett trådlöst kommunikationsprotokoll, en central enhet samlar in all data med hänsyn till mätningens noggrannhet och filtrering av felaktig data. För att uppnå detta utfördes en litteraturstudie för att undersöka mätningsmetoder för de olika parametrar. Olika kommunikationsprotokoll undersöktes för att bestämma en lämplig kommunikationsprotkoll för ett mätsystem som mäter klimat i bussar med passagerare ombord. Uteffekten av HVAC-systemet krävs också för att hjälpa trafikförvaltningen att bestämma fördelarna med att justera temperaturen i bussen för att nå den termiska komforten och hur den ledde till att spara energi. Systemet inkorporerar kommunikaitonsprotokollet ZigBee, ESP32-mikrokontroller i avsändarpositionerna och en Raspberry pi som fungerade som en central enhet för att samla in data och lagra det i ett filsystem med korrekta data som hjälper trafikförvaltningen att uppnå sina mål. Svårigheter uppstod med att få tillgång till CAN-system data för uteffekten av HVAC-systemet.