Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:06:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4801.pdf: 4117819 bytes, checksum: b4df67024157ee1a2c79256315a97e7d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-13 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / Software development techniques continually evolve in order to improve development and maintenance processes in addition to lower costs and higher quality. The goal of MDD is to reduce the semantic distance between a problem and its solution specification. Therefore MDD focuses on high-level abstraction modeling and successive model transformations, until finally, generate code. Studies assert that model-driven development can be significantly more efficient than traditional source code-driven software development and still reduce the possibility of occurrence of several problems during the software life-cycle. Likewise, Web engineering can also be benefited by MDD adoption, especially when supported by approaches that facilitate MDD use. Web development is usually agile with frequent releases, these approaches must be flexible to adapt to this context. However, generally, the approaches proposed by the academic community have complex processes which involve many different model definitions, programming languages, plug-ins and IDEs. These features contradict the practices adopted by Web developers. This paper presents the MWDA (Model-Driven Web Applications) approach that provides a simple process to support model-driven web development. This approach does not depend on tools, technologies or plug-ins and encourage combination with other forms of reuse and development processes. Furthermore, the Ruby- MDWA was developed with Ruby language and Ruby on Rails framework support, in order to create Web applications with MDWA assistance. This tool provides a set of textual models and defines M2M and M2C transformation tools, maintaining the requirements traceability since its specification to its construction and further maintenance. In order to show the use of the approach and tool, it was performed a real study case with a software company, from São Carlos SP, where a project management system was developed. In parallel, two experiments were conducted with undergraduate students in Computer Science and Computer Engineering and a Masters in Computer Science, to evaluate the gains and limitations of the Ruby-MDWA tool. / As técnicas de desenvolvimento de software evoluem continuamente com a finalidade de melhorar processos de construção e manutenção de software, além de obter ganhos em tempo, custo e qualidade. O objetivo do MDD é reduzir a distância semântica entre um problema e a especificação de sua solução. Para isso, MDD tem enfoque na modelagem de alto nível de abstração e em sucessivos refinamentos dos modelos construídos em artefatos mais detalhados, até enfim, gerar código. Há afirmações de que o desenvolvimento orientado a modelos pode ser significativamente mais eficiente que o desenvolvimento tradicional guiado por código fonte, além de reduzir a possibilidade de ocorrência de uma série de problemas durante o ciclo de vida do software. Da mesma forma, a engenharia de aplicações Web também pode ser beneficiada pela adoção de MDD, em especial com o apoio de abordagens que facilitem sua utilização. Como o desenvolvimento de aplicações Web comumente é ágil e com publicações freqüentes, essas abordagens devem ser flexíveis para que se adaptem a esse contexto. Entretanto, em geral, as abordagens propostas pela comunidade acadêmica apresentam processos complexos que envolvem diversos modelos, linguagens de programação, plug-ins e ambientes de programação. Essas características contrariam as práticas aprovadas pelos desenvolvedores Web. Esta dissertação apresenta a abordagem MDWA (Model-Driven Web Applications) que fornece um processo simples para desenvolvimento de software Web com apoio de MDD. A abordagem não depende de ferramentas, tecnologias ou plug-ins e estimula a combinação com outras formas de reuso e processos de desenvolvimento. Além disso, foi construída uma ferramenta, denominada Ruby-MDWA, baseada na linguagem Ruby e no framework Ruby on Rails destinada à criação de aplicações Web com auxílio da abordagem MDWA. Essa ferramenta fornece um conjunto de quatro modelos textuais e define transformadores M2M e M2C, que mantém a rastreabilidade de um requisito desde sua especificação até sua construção e posterior manutenção. Para mostrar o uso da abordagem e da ferramenta, foi realizado um estudo de caso real em conjunto com uma empresa de software de São Carlos SP, onde um sistema de gerenciamento de projetos foi desenvolvido. De forma paralela, foram conduzidos dois experimentos com alunos de graduação em Bacharelado em Ciência da Computação e Engenharia de Computação e mestrado em computação da UFSCar, visando avaliar os ganhos e as limitações da ferramenta Ruby-MDWA.

L'usure ondulatoire des rails associée aux vibrations de torsion des essieux de métro a été mise en évidence il y a près d'un demi siècle. L'utilisation d'absorbeurs dynamiques comme solution potentielle à ce problème a été suggérée pour la première fois dans le projet américain du TCRP "Rail Corrugation Mitigation in Transit" en 1998. Cette thèse, réalisée dans le cadre du projet européén "Wheel-rail CORRUGATION in Urban transport", a pour objectif de concevoir un absorbeur dynamique et d'étudier son influence sur la réduction de l'usure ondulatoire liée aux vibrations de torsion. Dans le cadre de ce travail, d'autres types d'usure ondulatoire ont également été traités par des absorbeurs dynamiques.<p><p>Les trois premiers chapitres de cette thèse sont dédiés à la description des différents types d'usure ondulatoire et à la présentation des méthodes de prédiction. La méthode de dimensionnement des absorbeurs dynamiques est présentée au chapitre 4, ainsi que quelques perspectives de leur efficacité à réduire l'usure ondulatoire. Dans le chapitre 5, un tronçon réel du RER parisien a été étudié. D'une part les prédictions obtenues par différentes méthodes ont été comparées aux mesures sur site. D'autre part, le bénéfice résultant de l'utilisation d'un absorbeur dynamique a été étudié numériquement. Dans le chapitre 6, le cas de l'usure ondulatoire liée aux vibrations de torsion a été étudié spécifiquement. Un absorbeur dynamique a été développé pour réduire ce type d'usure ondulatoire. Son efficacité a été évaluée théoriquement et numériquement, avec un modèle multi-corps flexible du véhicule et de la voie. Dans le chapitre 7, un absorbeur dynamique visant à réduire les vibrations de torsion d'un essieu de métro à échelle réduite a été construit au laboratoire. Son efficacité a été validée expérimentalement en reproduisant les conditions d'apparition des vibrations de torsion de l'essieu sur le banc d'essais du Laboratoire des Technologies Nouvelles de l'INRETS. La correspondance entre les prédictions d'usure à échelle réduite et à échelle réelle a été établie. Une demande de brevet a été déposée par le Laboratoire des Structures Actives pour ce système (N° 06120344.4). / Doctorat en sciences appliquées / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Le Contrôle-Santé Intégré (CSI) réduit les besoins d’inspections humaines grâce à une surveillance automatisée, réduit les coûts de maintenance grâce à la détection précoce des anomalies avant qu’elles ne dégénèrent et améliore la sécurité ainsi que la fiabilité des services. L’objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir une plateforme de communication sans fil pour le CSI des structures ferroviaires. Le principe de contrôle repose sur la reconstruction des réponses impulsionnelles (fonctions de Green) par corrélation de bruit aléatoire se propageant dans le milieu. Durant ces travaux, nous avons éprouvé expérimentalement la relation entre les réponses actives expérimentales et une version post-traitée des fonctions de corrélation de bruit dans un contexte ferroviaire. Ainsi, nous avons démontré l’applicabilité des fonctions de corrélation pour la détection d’un défaut local sur un rail. Ensuite, nous avons réalisé une étude expérimentale comparative sur la caractérisation d’une transmission ZigBee en termes d’atténuation et de portée dans plusieurs environnements. Dans l’environnement ferroviaire sous test, nous avons démontré l’adéquation avec la portée d’une transmission ZigBee mono-saut (dans un rayon de 76m). Une solution de synchronisation des capteurs lors du prélèvement du signal basée sur la norme IEEE 802.15.4 a été proposée et validée par une campagne de mesures. Il a été démontré que cette approche offre une précision de l’ordre de quelques centaines de nanosecondes. Un prototype-plateforme de communication sans fil basé sur la technologie ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 a été mis en place et déployé sur un échantillon de rail. Cette solution a permis de valider les performances de cette plateforme, une fois les données récoltées par les transducteurs, ces informations sont transmises par un lien ZigBee vers une station de base où des algorithmes de détection leurs sont appliqués. / Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) reduces human inspection requirements through automated monitoring, reduces maintenance costs by early detection of defects before they escalate, and improves safety and reliability of services. The work presented in this thesis aims to design a wireless communication platform for railway structures health monitoring. The control principle is based on the reconstruction of impulse responses (Green’s functions) by correlation of random noise propagated in the medium. In this work, direct comparison between an active emission-reception response and the estimated noise correlation function has confirmed the validity of the equivalence relation between them. Thus, we have demonstrated the applicability of the correlation functions for local defect detection in a rail. Then, we conducted an experimental study on the characterization of a ZigBee transmission in terms of path loss and communication range in multiple environments. In the railway environment under test, we showed the adequacy with the range of a ZigBee single-hop transmission (within a radius of 76m). Furthermore, a flexible solution for sensors synchronization during the sampling process, based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard was proposed and validated by a measurement campaign. It has been demonstrated that this approach provides a precision of a few hundred nanoseconds. A wireless communication-platform prototype based on the ZigBee/IEEE 802.15.4 technology has been implemented and deployed on a rail sample. This solution enabled the validation of the platform performances, once the data collected by the transducers, the information is transmitted by a ZigBee link to a base station where detection algorithms are applied.

This thesis deals with the structural design of the rope traction elevator load 1600 kg. Calculation of anchor guides for the design and strength check. Frame analysis by finite element method. Frame design changes with regard to reliability design. The work also includes drawing the proposed changes. This thesis was carried out in cooperation with the firm Liftmont CZ s.r.o.

This master's thesis explores the topic of guidance for the COBIT framework and ITIL library in the context of business process management. It encompasses various process modelling languages and diagrams for companies active in information and communication technologies. Through the selected ARIS tool set and the mapping of all 64 processes, the establishment of individual processes can now be achieved, which is explained by modelling a total of 101 diagrams. The thesis also contains an example of process deployment for a selected company, which is accompanied by an implementation of a dashboard application that monitors the ticket flow of service operation processes.

This diploma thesis deals with a design and construction of an embeded camera trap with a video recording and night vision support, which is able to self adapt to surroundings. The device is based on the Raspberry Pi platform and configurable by touch screen control with a user-friendly graphical interface. Also the web-application for easy remote administration was developed in Ruby On Rails framework. The camera trap was built and successfully tested under the real conditions. There are also typical application cases and requirements for camera trap construction described in this thesis.

Ce mémoire constitue une tentative de structurer l’histoire de l’industrie du tramway au Canada. L’objet y est étudié dans son ensemble en vue de dégager et d’analyser sa périodisation. La dernière tentative importante a été effectuée en 1966, lorsque Due a terminé ses recherches en se concentrant uniquement sur l'industrie canadienne des tramways interurbains (Due 1966), excluant ainsi les tramways hippomobiles et les tramways urbains. Depuis, nous avons assisté à l’émergence du système léger sur rail (SLR). Ces derniers sont en cours de déploiement ou de redéploiement dans de nombreuses villes canadiennes. C’est pourquoi il nous apparaissait pertinent de jeter un nouvel éclairage sur le sujet. Notre objectif est d'aller au-delà des anecdotes, des études de cas et des histoires thématiques en utilisant des données opérationnelles et financières compilées pour chacun des réseaux et ce, pour l’ensemble du Canada. Nous analysons l'évolution de l'industrie du tramway au pays, suivant le concept des longs cycles de Kondratiev, depuis les tramways tirés par des chevaux jusqu’au SLR. À cette approche, nous avons superposé celle de la destruction créatrice développée par Schumpeter pour démontrer les legs des technologies antérieures, et le recours à ceux-ci pour les nouveaux cycles. Comme nous l'avons montré, les tramways électriques ont apporté un changement de paradigme important qui a modifié le visage du transport en commun urbain et interurbain, entraînant le déploiement de vastes réseaux et la disparition des systèmes de tramways à traction animale. Cependant, comme le prévoit la théorie des longs cycles de Kondratiev et la tendance à la baisse du taux de profit, l'industrie a rencontré des obstacles qui se sont avérés trop difficiles à surmonter. Cela a entraîné une chute du tramway électrique qui a ouvert la voie à de nouvelles technologies, plus adaptées aux besoins actuels. Lorsque l’industrie des tramways opérée par le privé n'était plus viable, l'État est intervenu. / This dissertation is an attempt to structure the history of the streetcar industry in Canada. The object is studied as a whole in order to identify and analyze its periodization. The last major attempt was made in 1966, when Due completed its research by focusing solely on the Canadian intercity streetcar industry (Due 1966); thus excluding horse-drawn and city streetcars. Since then, we have seen the emergence of the light rail system (LRT). These are currently being deployed or redeployed in many Canadian cities. This is why we felt it was appropriate to shed new light on the subject. Our goal is to go beyond anecdotes, case studies and thematic stories by using operational and financial data compiled for each of the networks across Canada. We analyzed the evolution of the tramway industry in Canada, following the Kondratiev long cycle concept, from horse-drawn streetcars to LRT. We have superimposed Schumpeter's Creative Destruction approach to demonstrate the legacies of earlier technologies, and the use of these technologies for new cycles. As we have shown, electric streetcars have brought about a significant paradigm shift that has changed the face of urban and interurban transit, leading to the deployment of vast networks and the demise of animal-drawn streetcar systems. However, as predicted by Kondratiev's theory of long cycles and the downward trend in the profit rate, the industry encountered obstacles that proved too difficult to overcome. This led to the collapse of the electric tramway, which paved the way for new technologies, better adapted to today's needs. When the privately operated light rail industry was no longer viable, the state intervened.

This diploma thesis was prepared as an architectural study. The subject of the proposal was design of VRT station in Brno-Tuřany, near Brno airport. It was designed station building with platforms and four tracks. Two of them are passable and the other two are stationary. Rails leads below ground level. Above the rails is rail station that connect both areas next the rail corridor. Railway station serves primarily to transfer between rail and air transport.

Saab Kockums har på länge tillämpat kompositmaterial i uppbyggande av deras nya fartyg. Detta medför många fördelar kopplat till stealth teknik men samtidigt utgör vissa andra utmaningar gällande installationer ombord. Arbetet utfördes därför med syfte att undersöka möjligheten för användning av lastskenor för standardiserat montage på dessa fartyg. Vidare skulle det utvecklas en standardlösning för montaget där användarvänlighet står som fokus.   Arbetet inleds med en undersökning av produkter från marknaden där också utvecklingspotential identifierades. Fokus med undersökningen var att hitta den optimala utseende för montaget. Dessa punkter användes därefter för att generera idéer för samtliga delar. Den bästa idéen filtreras fram genom poängsättning kopplat till utsatta kravställningen. För infästning av konstruktion bestämdes det med hjälp av olika litteraturstudier tillsammans med dragprovsdata som tillhandahålls av Kockums. Litteraturstudien omfattades studie på egenskaper hos sandwichkonstruktioner samt dragproven på olika lastfallen som utfördes på andra rapporter. Sist verifierades konceptet utifrån olika aspekter baserat på olika sätt. Hållfasthetmässigt är baserade på FEM/manuella beräkningar, tillverkning är baserade på intervju och monteringen baserad på 3D-utskrift.   En konstruktion på montaget erhölls som resultatet av arbetet där den klarade samtliga krav som ställdes. Konstruktionen består av förmonterade skena som har ett homogen utseende tillsammans med vinkelbeslag för montering av eventuella bäddar eller dämpare. Konstruktionen fästs på skottet med M8 blindnitsmuttrar för områden utan stötkrav och M10 muttrar tillsammans med laminatsförstärkning för områden med stötkrav. Som bevisat är det möjligt att tillverka dessa med några enkla steg av standardprofiler från marknaden. Det är även enkelt att montera ombord på fartygen. / Saab Kockums has long time used composite materials in the construction of their new ships. This brings many advantages linked to stealth technology, but at the same time poses some other challenges regarding installations on board. This thesis was therefore performed with the aim of investigating the possibility of using cargo rails for standardized assembly on these ships. Furthermore, a developed standard solution for assembly where ease of use is the focus for this study.  The work begins with an analysis of products from the market and potential development is identified. The focus of the investigation was to find the optimal design for the montage. These potentials were then used to generate ideas for parts in the design. The best idea is filtered through scoring linked to the set of requirements. For attachment of the construction, it was determined with the help of various literature studies along with tensile test data provided by Kockums. The literature study included studies on properties of sandwich constructions as well as tensile tests on different load cases that were carried out on other reports. Finally, the concept is verified based on different aspects. The durability is based on FEM/manual calculations, the manufacturing is based on interview and finally the assembly is based on 3D printing.  A construction of the assembly was obtained as the result of the work and met all the requirements that were set. The construction consists of pre-assembled cargo rails that have a homogeneous appearance together with angle fittings for mounting any foundations or dampers. The structure shall be attached to the bulkhead with M8 blind rivet nuts for areas without impact requirements and M10 nuts together with laminate reinforcement for areas with impact requirements. As proven, it is possible to manufacture these in a few simple steps from standard profiles from the market and easily fit on board the ships.

In the emerging Web of Data, publishing stable and unique identifiers promises great potential in using the web as common platform to discover and enrich data in the ecologic sciences. With our collaborative e-Science platform “BEFdata”, we generated and published unique identifiers for the data repository of the Biodiversity – Ecosystem Functioning Research Unit of the German Research Foundation (BEF-China; DFG: FOR 891). We linked part of the identifiers to two external data providers, thus creating a virtual common platform including several ecological repositories. We used the Global Biodiversity Facility (GBIF) as well the International Plant Name Index (IPNI) to enrich the data from our own field observations. We conclude in discussing other potential providers for identifiers for the ecological research domain. We demonstrate the ease of making use of existing decentralized and unsupervised identifiers for a data repository, which opens new avenues to collaborative data discovery for learning, teaching, and research in ecology.