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No description available.

This national study developed a descriptive data base for the characteristics, functions, leader behaviors, and effectiveness ratings of development officers who belong to the National Council for Resource Development. These data were examined with respect to their relationship to institutional size, community wealth, size of staff, and age of the foundations. Twelve percent of these development officers were minorities and 43 percent were female. The mean age of the development officers was 44 years and more than 30 percent held doctoral degrees. Their graduate majors clustered in four disciplines, while their graduate degrees were overwhelmingly in education. They reported little previous experience in development work, though most prior work experience had been in the field of education. Nearly 70 percent reported directly to the presidents of their institutions. Almost 92 percent of these institutions were found to have foundations and more than half of these foundations were less than five years old. Development officers indicated that the functional area of greatest importance and the one for which they had the greatest responsibility was that of program planning. Two of the most important program planning functions were those of: (a) identifying funding sources, and (b) cultivating potential funding sources. Yet, the functional area of least importance and the one for which development officers reported the least responsibility, was that of fund raising. This finding was partially explained by the artificial grouping of the functions and by the fact that most development officers reported sharing rather than carrying primary responsibility for the fund raising functions. Development officers rated high on both the task-oriented and on the person-oriented dimensions of the leadership scale. They were rated by their supervisors as high in overall effectiveness. They were also rated as effective in both fund raising and in "friend raising." Younger development officers were perceived as more effective than their older counterparts. No other relationships were found between characteristics, leader behaviors, functions, effectiveness, and situational differences among institutions. lmplications for these findings include pre-service and in-service education as well as use in the selection and the evaluation of development officers. / Ed. D.

The purpose of the study was to determine whether effective (high-performing) and less effective (low-performing) foundations differ significantly in their organizational and operational characteristics. As a result of this study, the following questions were answered: (a) What are the organizational and operational characteristics of high- and low-performing foundations? (b) How do high- and low-performing foundations differ in organizational and operational characteristics? A survey was completed of a random sample of 400 presidents of public community, technical, and junior colleges to identify those colleges with affiliated non-profit foundations. Of the 400 colleges surveyed, 374 (93.5%) responded and 290 (77.5%) reported having a nonprofit foundation. Of the 290, 270 usable surveys were used to develop a mailing for the second survey. / Ed. D. / incomplete_metadata

The purpose of this study was to examine and describe practices and procedures pertaining to the acquisition of revenue from fundraising activities in North Carolina public high schools. The review of literature examined the general state statutes, local board of education policies, significant court decisions, and recent research findings regarding fundraising activities. A survey questionnaire was developed and field tested through a pilot study sample. The study population included 275 North Carolina public high schools having a 9-12 or 10-12 grade-level organizational pattern. Principals returned 213 ( 78%) of the 275 questionnaires. Data collected from the questionnaires were analyzed, summarized, and compared according to the type of administrative unit, pupil enrollment, and per pupil expenditure of the responding schools. Data were presented in narrative form, and tables were developed to array the raw data. Major findings of the study were: 1. In compliance with state statutes, a majority of North Carolina school districts and public high schools have adopted various regulations which monitor fund raising activities and revenue acquired from these activities. 2. Ninety-nine percent of all public high schools in North Carolina conduct fundraising activities. A large amount of revenue is acquired by these schools from the sales of candy, school pictures, magazines, and numerous other products as well as from admission charges to a variety of school sponsored events. 3. A majority of students in North Carolina public high schools participate in fundraising activities. 4. Public high school principals in North Carolina consider fundraising activities most important in order to finance current extracurricular student activity programs. 5. The local school principal has the primary responsibility for planning, managing, and monitoring the acquisition of revenue from fundraising activities regardless of the type of administrative unit (location), pupil enrollment (size), and the per pupil expenditure of the school. Conclusions and recommendations based on the findings of the study were developed. / Ed. D.

The purpose of this study was to explore the following relationships: (a) how moderating factors (gender, age, ethnicity, social support, marital status, reason for role assumption and number of grandchildren in the home) can influence the mediating role of resiliency, and (b) how resiliency may mediate the negative effects of raising grandchildren (role demands, life disruptions, and difficulties with grandchildren) on grandparent adjustment over time. Resiliency was hypothesized to have the greatest effect on custodial grandparents who experienced the most stress (i.e., older, single, Caucasian males lacking social support and raising more than one grandchild). Mediation was assessed using structural equation modeling. Results indicated resilience mediated the relationship between role assumptions (i.e., role demands and life disruptions) and grandparent adjustment; however, resilience did not mediate the relationship between grandchild characteristics and grandparent adjustment. Due to the small number of custodial grandfathers (n = 14), non-married grandparents (n = 29), non-Caucasian grandparents (n = 10), the small number of grandparents who assumed the custodial role for less ambiguous reasons (n = 24), and the number of custodial grandparents with more than one grandchild residing in the home (n = 29) participating within the study, hierarchical multiple regressions were only conducted to test for moderated mediation for perceived social support and the age of the grandparent. Results indicated resilience mediates the relationship between life disruption and grandparent well-being for younger custodial grandparents and for custodial grandparents with perceived high social support.

The primary aim of this thesis is to map the syntactic and semantic nature, and the frequency of the Double Passive in Swedish. The results showed that the Double Passive is a control construction where the internal argument (OBJ) of the embedded verb is raised to subject of the s-passive matrix verb, and the verb of the infinitival complement co-occurs as an s-passive infinitive. In the thesis Lexical functional grammar (LFG) is used as a model for semantic and syntactic analysis. The analysis showed that when the AGENT in a Double Passive construction is suppressed, it creates an argument structure that triggers an equi verb to occur as a raising verb (cf. Ørsnes 2006:404). Overt agents within constructions containing the Double Passive showed an even lower frequency than the low frequencies documented in previous research of passive constructions by Silén (1997) and Laanemets (2010). The lower frequency is partly a result of the fact that agents in a Double Passive construction are suppressed twice. The results of a corpus study showed a frequency of 3.57 % of overt agents within constructions containing Double Passives. The complementizer att ‘to’ in the subordinated infinitive clause of a Double Passive is overtly expressed, partly depending on the degree of modality of the matrix verb (cf. Sundman 1983; Teleman 1999; Lagerwall 1999), and the degree of semantic bonding between the matrix verb and the complement (Givón 2001b). The data (matrix verbs) collected in the corpus study were analysed according to a categorising-system in SAG (Teleman et al. 1999) and in Givón (2001a) and Givón (2001b). The matrix verbs with strong nominal (lexical) properties, e.g. planera ‘plan’, showed a high frequency of co-occurrence with full infinitives, as compared to matrix verbs with largely grammatical meaning, e.g. avse ‘intend’. / Det primära syftet med denna uppsats är att kartlägga dubbelpassiv-konstruktionens syntaktiska och semantiska natur samt frekvens i det svenska språket. Resultaten visade att dubbelpassiven är en kontrollkonstruktion där det inbäddade verbets interna argument (OBJ) lyfts till positionen som det s-passiva matrisverbets subjekt, och där verbet i infinitivsatsen uttrycks som en s-passiv infinitiv. I uppsatsen används Lexical functional grammar (LFG) som modell för semantisk och syntaktisk analys. Analysen visade att då AGENTEN undertrycks, så skapas en argumentstruktur som får ett equi-verb att framträda som ett raising-verb (jmfr Ørsnes 2006:404). Explicita agenter, i konstruktioner med dubbelpassiver, visade en ännu lägre frekvens än den redan låga frekvens som dokumenterats i tidigare forskning om passiv-konstruktioner av Silén (1997) och Laanemets (2010). Den lägre frekvensen, är delvis ett resultat av faktumet att agenterna i en dubbelpassiv-konstruktion undertrycks två gånger. Resultaten av en korpusstudie visade att frekvensen av explicita agenter, i konstruktioner som innehåller dubbelpassiver, uppgick till 3.57 %. Komplementeraren "att" i den underordnade infinitivsatsen i en dubbelpassiv uttrycks explicit – delvis beroende på matrisverbens modala egenskaper (jmfr. Sundman 1983; Teleman 1999; Lagerwall 1999), samt beroende av grad av semantisk länkning mellan matrisverbet och komplementet (Givón 2001b). Den insamlade datan (matrisverb) i korpusstudien analyserades enligt ett kategoriseringssystem hämtat ur SAG (Teleman et al. 1999), Givón (2001a) och Givón (2001b). Matrisverb med starka nominella (lexikala) egenskaper, till exempel planera, visade en högre frekvens i förekomst med fullständiga infinitivsatser, i jämförelse med mer funktionella matrisverb som avse.

For years the vast body of literature on single-parenting has focused on the weaknesses experienced by the family and the adverse consequences for the children who reside in such a household. The literature reviewed for this study postulate African American males raised in single-parent households perform poorly academically, are more likely to drop out of school, experience emotional difficulties, and are unable to attain self-sufficiency. Researchers have also argued that African American males from single-parent households are more vulnerable to delinquent acts than those of two-parent households. These acts can lead to incarceration or death. One arena that has not been thoroughly examined is the single-parent household in which the African American male has been able to achieve emotional stability, academic and professional success, abstaining from delinquent behaviors. The prevalence of this family structure coupled with the lack of research on successful African American males as products of this household, stimulate a need for better understanding of how the single-parent household functions. My study sought to understand how African American males experience being raised in a single-parent household and what factors have allowed them to achieve success despite the many challenges they face. The participants included eight African American males who were raised in a single-parent household and who were identified as being successful, as defined by this study. A qualitative phenomenological approach was utilized which allowed participants to provide rich, detailed descriptions of their lived experiences through in-depth semi-structured interviews. A thorough analysis of each interview exposed the following themes: mother's influence, a sense of security, sense of self-worth, high expectations and support systems, all of which help to elucidate the phenomenon of being raised in a single parent household. Their stories revealed a positive perception of the phenomena under study, illuminating the strengths of the single-parent household and the factors, as evidenced by the emerging themes that contributed to their success. The findings will serve as a valuable contribution to (a) the ongoing scholarly research on African American males and single-parent households, (b) single-parents raising African American sons, and (c) professionals working with this population.