Syftet med studien var att undersöka om utövandet av ramadan påverkar muslimska elevers prestation i skolan. Vi som blivande lärare ville med denna studie få mer kunskap och erfarenhet kring ramadans inverkan på elever med syfte att skapa ett positivare undervisningsklimat. Sverige är ett mångkulturellt land och i nästan varje klass finns det elever med annan kulturell bakgrund än den svenska. Det är viktigt i skolan att kunna anpassa och ge varje elev så bra förutsättningar som möjligt. Detta uppnås, enligt undersökningen, bäst genom förståelse för varje elevs kulturella och religiösa bakgrund. Först då blir det möjligt att uppfylla varje individs behov. För att besvara frågeställningarna har en enkätstudie använts. Denna metod valdes för att den var bäst lämpad för att undersöka arbetets syfte. Resultatet i undersökningen visar att eleverna påverkas negativt både psykiskt och fysiskt under utövandet av ramadan. En av slutsatserna i uppsatsen är att fastan påverkar eleverna. Resultatet visar att skolan måste arbeta för att utveckla sin förmåga att anpassa sig efter elevernas individuella behov under ramadan. I syfte att eleverna inte hamnar efter i undervisningen på grund av deras tro.

Hypohydration and fasting are used as means to achieve body mass loss and Ramadan fasting is practised by millions of Muslims as a religious custom. Although both hypohydration and fasting have been studied extensively, the effect of hypohydration and Ramadan style fasting on many aspects of human performance is still unclear. In Chapter 3, the effect of exercise-induced hypohydration on muscle performance was evaluated. The protocol was developed to eliminate masking and exacerbating factors such as changes in muscle glycogen storage, muscle temperature, fatigue and fluid distribution change and acid base status. Muscle strength and endurance decreased due to hypohydration equivalent to 2% of body mass. This suggests that hydration status itself can affect adversely athletes' performance. In Chapter 4, the effect of one day (11 h) of Ramadan style fasting on some aspects of exercise performance during the day was investigated. Participants were tested three times throughout the day: at 7:00 am, 12:00 noon and 7:00 pm. 11 h of Ramadan style fasting decreased body mass by 2.1%. No change was found in exercise performance measurements. The results of this study suggest that this short period of fasting has no measurable effects on performance and/or that any effects are compensated by the circadian rhythm throughout the day. However, most athletes use more intense fasting or several consecutive days of fasting to achieve their weight reduction goal. In Chapter 5, the effect of Ramadan fasting (one month long intermittent fasting) on some aspects of exercise performance of athletes (weight category and non-weight category sports) and recreationally active individuals was studied. Participants were tested before, during (after the first week and in the last week) and after the month of Ramadan. Ramadan style living (involving a change in timing of food intake and sleep pattern) affects most of the anthropometric and physical performance parameters of the athletes and of the recreationally active subjects, with no difference in the pattern of change between groups. Almost all of the differences were recovered a week after the end of fasting. Chapter 6 contains the results of three studies focused on the effects of fasting on cognitive function (study A- breakfast elimination; study B- one day (11 h) of Ramadan style fasting; and study C- one month of Ramadan fasting). Results of these studies make a logical conclusion that fasting has a detrimental effect on memory, reaction time and accuracy of responses. The pattern of the effects showed differences that may be related to various participants' characteristics (age group, gender) and the nature of intervention. In summary, Ramadan style fasting may affect performance of some mental and physical tasks in some, but perhaps not in all individuals.

Reproduction de : Thèse d'exercice : Médecine. Médecine générale : Nantes : 2009. / Bibliogr.

No description available.

Tariq Ramadan a un projet d’envergure : convaincre, persuader et expliquer à tous les occidentaux, musulmans ou non, les fondements de la spiritualité musulmane afin de (re)sacraliser notre monde. Pour ce faire, il a acquis, approfondi et mis en pratique son savoir religieux en contexte occidental. Une fois qu’il maîtrise cette réalité, il propose à son auditoire d’adhérer, de s’identifier et de vivre cette identité musulmane. Notre recherche - qui se fonde sur !’argumentation de la persuasion rationnelle - procède à l’analyse du discours que le prédicateur a construit dans son livre Entre l’homme et son cœur pour convaincre les interlocuteurs de la justesse de sa cause et de les inciter à agir. L’étude prend en considération la crédibilité de l’auteur, le contexte global de création, puis met en relief les techniques spirituelles et persuasives ainsi que les valeurs qui les sous-tendent.

Magister Artium - MA / Overindulgence is widely regarded as a serious social problem in South Africa leading to obesity and associated medical and psychological issues. This study investigated overindulgence from the perspective of Islamic Studies. In the Muslim tradition, overindulgence is regarded as a vice which is contrasted with the virtue of temperance in the Qur’an and the Hadith. There is a long tradition of Muslim virtue ethics that draws from Greek philosophy but also from medieval Arabic sources. This study required an overview of such literature in order to profile contemporary discourse on the virtue of temperance against this historical background. Even though the virtue of temperance is praised, and the vice of overindulgence is frowned upon in Muslim communities, this does preclude overindulgence amongst Muslims, not even in the holy month of Ramadan. This may be understood in terms of the classic problem of moral formation where it is recognised that virtue cannot be taught. Knowledge of the good does not suffice for the realisation of the good. In terms of this study, this begs the question what kind of considerations play a role in motivating some Muslims to overindulge despite Muslim teachings in this regard, even amidst contexts of food insecurity. In this study, I investigated the perceptions of such considerations found within Muslim households associated with the Rylands and Belhar mosques. This required a Qualitative Approach where Semi-structured Interviews were conducted with around 10 households associated with each of these mosques. The local Imam in each case was asked to select ten such households of good moral standing. These interviews were recorded and analysed in order to describe the perceptions amongst Muslims of good moral standing with regards to the considerations that play a role in habits of over-indulgence. The study found several determinants of overindulgence within the selected Muslim households associated with the Rylands and Belhar mosques namely, food insecurity, spiritual apathy, emotional eating, conspicuous and hedonistic consumption as well as social environmental cues. However, food insecurity was exclusive to the Muslim community of Belhar who are distinctive from the inhabitants of Rylands in terms of social-economic status as well as race. This community is largely of Malay origin and is disadvantaged economically compared to their counterparts who are predominantly of Indian descent and enjoy a high-income status. The study found in both communities that Ramadan; a month of restraint, self-reflection, devotion, and worship had been turned into a month of indulgence and unhealthy eating. It was perceived that most Muslims squeeze a five-course meal in the few hours they can eat. The research further revealed that such individuals to be very meticulous of what type of food they consume when breaking their fast and would prefer oily fried foods to healthy food. This causes weight gain, health complications and sluggishness which stands in the way of worship. It was concluded that the majority gain weight due to their lifestyles. With regards to the implementation of moral formation, the study revealed self-discipline, leading by example and parents, educators and leaders playing an active role to be key in the formation of good morals. Additionally, the study found good moral formation can be achieved through habituation. Finally, the study found that the major constraints to moderate and healthy eating to be lack of self-discipline, the absence of virtue ethical education in Islamic institutions and finally Muslim leaders have prioritized the ḥalãl aspect of food and in the interim have forgotten to preach the importance of wholesome pure foods. The explanations offered in this study indicated the importance of the virtue of temperance in the fight against obesity and in the attainment of physical and spiritual wellbeing. This virtue which is a mean between two vices, namely self-indulgence and insensibility help in the journey towards a higher lifestyle and helps release all the dynamic forces that spiritually weigh down those in affluent as well as food insecure communities.

<p>I vår utbildning till lärare inom vård, hälsa och omsorg mötte vi i vår verksamhetsförlagda utbildning många elever med muslimsk bakgrund. En troende muslim bör fasta en månad varje år vilket innebar att dessa elever inte kunde äta eller dricka när de gick i skolan. Vi undrade hur de upplevde det. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva några muslimska kvinnors upplevelser av att studera på omvårdnadsprogrammet under fastemånaden ramadan. Som undersökningsmetod användes en allmän kvalitativ ansats och vi valde att göra halvstrukturerade intervjuer med sex kvinnor för att samla in vårt material. Resultatet visade att man upplevde ramadan som en positiv upplevelse med fokus på religiositet och gemenskap, alla utom en av våra respondenter klarade att fasta hela perioden. Det förekom dock fysiska symtom som huvudvärk, hunger, törst och yrsel detta visade sig framförallt i början av fasteperioden. I skolsituationen upplevdes den teoretiska delen som mer krävande än den praktiska. Det framkom att eleverna hade önskemål men framförde inte detta till sina lärare. Eleverna erfor att lärarna inte hade samma möjlighet som handledarna i den arbetsplatsförlagda utbildningen att anpassa rutiner för undervisningen under ramadan.</p><p>While studying to become teachers in the field of health care, we met during the practical training many students with a Muslim background. A devout Muslim should fast one month out of every year, which meant that these students could not eat or drink while attending school. We were curious about their experiences. The purpose of this study was to describe some of the experiences of Muslim women who attended the Health Care Program during the month of Ramadan. Our method of research was to use a general qualitative approach, we chose to make semi-structured interviews with six women to gather our material. The results showed that they had a positive experience of Ramadan, with focus on religiousness and community. All of our respondents except one made it through the whole period of fasting, although some had physicals symptoms such as headaches, hunger, thirst and dizziness, especially during the first part of the fast. At school, they felt the theoretical part to be more demanding than the practical part. We found that the students had wishes they did not convey to their teachers. The students learned that the teachers did not have the same ability to adjust their teaching routines for Ramadan, as the instructors at the practical vocational training place had.</p>

I vår utbildning till lärare inom vård, hälsa och omsorg mötte vi i vår verksamhetsförlagda utbildning många elever med muslimsk bakgrund. En troende muslim bör fasta en månad varje år vilket innebar att dessa elever inte kunde äta eller dricka när de gick i skolan. Vi undrade hur de upplevde det. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva några muslimska kvinnors upplevelser av att studera på omvårdnadsprogrammet under fastemånaden ramadan. Som undersökningsmetod användes en allmän kvalitativ ansats och vi valde att göra halvstrukturerade intervjuer med sex kvinnor för att samla in vårt material. Resultatet visade att man upplevde ramadan som en positiv upplevelse med fokus på religiositet och gemenskap, alla utom en av våra respondenter klarade att fasta hela perioden. Det förekom dock fysiska symtom som huvudvärk, hunger, törst och yrsel detta visade sig framförallt i början av fasteperioden. I skolsituationen upplevdes den teoretiska delen som mer krävande än den praktiska. Det framkom att eleverna hade önskemål men framförde inte detta till sina lärare. Eleverna erfor att lärarna inte hade samma möjlighet som handledarna i den arbetsplatsförlagda utbildningen att anpassa rutiner för undervisningen under ramadan. While studying to become teachers in the field of health care, we met during the practical training many students with a Muslim background. A devout Muslim should fast one month out of every year, which meant that these students could not eat or drink while attending school. We were curious about their experiences. The purpose of this study was to describe some of the experiences of Muslim women who attended the Health Care Program during the month of Ramadan. Our method of research was to use a general qualitative approach, we chose to make semi-structured interviews with six women to gather our material. The results showed that they had a positive experience of Ramadan, with focus on religiousness and community. All of our respondents except one made it through the whole period of fasting, although some had physicals symptoms such as headaches, hunger, thirst and dizziness, especially during the first part of the fast. At school, they felt the theoretical part to be more demanding than the practical part. We found that the students had wishes they did not convey to their teachers. The students learned that the teachers did not have the same ability to adjust their teaching routines for Ramadan, as the instructors at the practical vocational training place had.

Thèse d'exercice : Médecine : Nancy 1 : 2008. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre.

Zugl.: Leipzig, Univ., Diss., 1999