Thèse de doctorat--Sciences naturelles--Faculté des sciences de l'Université de Paris, 1914. N°: 1545.

Auxinic herbicide-resistant (i.e., resistant to 2,4-D and MCPA) wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) was discovered in the Western Australian wheatbelt, providing an opportunity to integrate auxinic herbicide resistance into cultivated radish (R. sativus L.) using conventional breeding methods. It was hypothesized that the inheritance of auxinic herbicide resistance in wild radish is conferred by a single, dominant nuclear gene and, therefore, will be relatively easy to introgress from wild radish to cultivated radish; and the mechanism of auxinic herbicide resistance in wild radish is through an altered target-site. Visual injury data of the F2 progeny suggested that resistance was conferred by a quantitative trait with the susceptible allele(s) exhibiting dominance with minor cytoplasmically inherited genes masking the susceptible trait. In conclusion, the resistance allele(s) were quantitative and, thus, make selection for resistance difficult. Therefore, the introgression of the resistance allele(s) was not successfully completed. To determine the mechanism of resistance, the wild radish plants resistant WARR6-26 (R) and susceptible WARR7-5 (S) were treated with radiolabeled MCPA. There was no difference in metabolism of [14C]MCPA between R and S plants. Based upon the decline in the total 14C recovered over 72 h in R and S it was clear that both were “losing” [14C]MCPA; however, R plants were losing MCPA more rapidly. It was hypothesized that because R plants exude 14C more rapidly from their roots than S plants, this accounted for the resistance of R plants.

As plantas medicinais são comumente utilizadas pela população a fim de substituir ou auxiliar os processos de cura. Dentro deste contexo, o nabo forrageiro, Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg., pertencente à família Brassicaceae, também chamada por crucifera, é uma planta que apresenta conhecidas classes de compostos bioativos, assim como o próprio Raphanus sativus L. Neste trabalho, foram realizados estudos com a finalidade de se obterem parâmetros físico-químicos da droga vegetal como granulometria, cinzas totais e insolúveis em ácido, perda por dessecação e substâncias extrativas e estudos para o conhecimento do seu potencial bioativo e fitoquímico, sendo os testes de analgesia e inflamação e a triagem fitoquímica complementada à espectrometria de massas do extrato seco. Os parâmetros físico-químicos revelaram pela granulometria que a droga possui particulas moderadamente grossas, e com valores de cinzas totais e insolúveis em ácido de 16,69 e 0,025% respectivamente. A perda por dessecação foi de 6,96% e as substâncias extrativas representam 25% do total de massa da droga. A triagem fitoquímica revelou a presença de importantes classes farmacognósticas como flavonoides, esteroides-triterpenos e taninos, que puderam ser extensivamente associados à atividade biológica. Adicionalmente, foram propostas estruturas para os flavonóides encontrados no extrato seco de R. sativus, como sendo o canferol, e a quercetina além do glicosinolato glicorrafenina. Os ensaios biológicos mostraram: ausência de toxicidade aguda nas concentrações testadas; uma atividade anti-inflamatória para o teste de peritonite comparável à do padrão Indometacina nas concentrações de 30, 100 e 300 mg/kg do extrato seco. Já no teste de edema de pata, as concentrações mais ativas e com atividade comparável à do padrão foram de 30 e 300 mg/kg. O teste de analgesia feito pela metodologia da formalina mostrou melhor atividade do extrato para a concentração de 300 mg/kg enquanto que a atividade nas outras duas concentrações (30 e 100 mg/kg) não evidenciou efeito significativo. O teste da placa quente, porém, não mostrou resultado antinociceptivo favorável do extrato seco. / Medicinal plants are commonly used by the population to replace or assist the healing process. Within this surrounding context, the wild radish, Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg., wich belongs to the Brassicaceae family, also known as crucifera, is a plant with known classes of bioactive compounds, as well as the Raphanus sativus L itself. In this work, studies were conducted to obtain physico-chemical parameters of the drug as grain size, total and acid insoluble ashes, loss on drying and extractive substances, and studies to the knowledge of its bioactive and phytochemical potential, with tests such as analgesia and inflammation and phytochemical screening complemented with mass spectrometry of dry extract. The physico-chemical parameters classified the drug as moderately coarse size particles, and values​ ​of total and acid insoluble ashes of 16.69 and 0.025% respectively. The loss on drying was 6.96% and extractive substances representing 25% of the total mass of drug. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of important pharmacognostic classes such as flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes and tannins, which could be extensively associated with biological activity. In addition, chemical structures were proposed for the flavonoids and other compounds found in dry extract of R. sativus, as the kaempferol and quercetin as the flavonoids and glicorrafenine as a glucosinate. The biological tests showed: absence of acute toxicity at the tested concentrations; an anti-inflammatory activity comparable to indomethacin in the standard concentrations of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg of dry extract peritonitis test. You paw edema test, the most active and comparable to the standard activity concentrations were 30 and 300 mg/kg. The analgesia test made ​​by the methodology of formalin better activity of the extract at the concentration of 300 mg/kg whereas the activity of the other two concentrations (30 and 100 mg/kg) showed no significant effect. The hot plate test, however, showed no antinociceptive favorable result of dry extract. / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Copper (Cu) significantly inhibits the growth of radish (Raphanus sativus) seedlings, even at the concentration of 1 £gM. As far as the relationship between the growth of seedlings and peroxidase (POD) activity was concerned, the reduction of radish seedlings was correlated with the induction of cationic and anionic PODs. The data show that the increase of cationic PODs (pI 8.6 and pI 9.3) and anionic PODs (pI 5.1 and pI 3.5) activities was correlated with the rise of lignin contents in Cu-treated tissues. In our investigation, among the radish root PODs, the cationic pI 8.6 POD isozyme displayed a high affinity (Km of 57.9 £gM) for syringaldazine (an analog of lignin monomer) and the similar value of catalytic efficiency jointly with the anionic pI 5.1 POD, 0.14 £gM-1S-1 and 0.12 £gM-1S-1, respectively. The results suggest that the increase of cationic POD (pI 8.6) induced by Cu treatment might be responsible for the lignification in radish roots.

Title page, table of contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / Field experiments investigating the nature and extent of interference in monocultures and mixtures of wild radish and wheat were conducted in 2003 and 2004 at Roseworthy, South Australia. Intraspecific and interspecific interfenernce between wild radish and wheat was investigated in the field using additive series design. Results indicated that higher densities of wheat were able to suppress seed production of this weed species. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1274618 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2006

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-04-13Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:58:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 mendozacortez_jw_me_jabo.pdf: 811308 bytes, checksum: 12c4c8c25fd25d4f4e84f933f6a9154b (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O trabalho foi realizado no município de Jaboticabal, SP (575 m de altitude, 21°15΄ 22˝ S e 48° 15΄ 58˝ W), tendo como objetivo verificar o efeito de doses de nitrogênio (uréia) e de esterco de bovino no estado nutricional, crescimento e produtividade de rabanete. O delineamento experimental foi blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 2x4x4, com três repetições. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação dos fatores cultivar (25 e 19), doses de esterco (0, 25, 50 e 75 t ha-1 em base seca) e doses de N (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg ha-1). O aumento nas doses de esterco e de N proporcionaram maiores altura de planta, área foliar, massa fresca e seca de raízes e produtividade comercial de ambas as cultivares, mas com maior contribuição do N do que do esterco. A máxima produtividade comercial da cv. 19 (20,3 t ha-1) foi obtida com 75 t ha-1 de esterco e 139 kg ha-1 de N, enquanto da cv. 25 (11,9 t ha-1) com 75 t ha-1 de esterco e 180 kg ha-1 de N. As doses de máxima eficiência econômica observadas para a cv. 25 foram 65,1 t ha-1 e 180 kg ha-1 de esterco e N, respectivamente, enquanto para a cv. 19 foram 63,6 t ha-1 e 144,7 kg ha-1 de esterco e N, respectivamente. / This work was carried out in Jaboticabal, SP (575 m of altitude, 21°15΄ 22˝ S and 48° 15΄ 58˝ W) aiming verify nitrogen (urea) and cattle manure doses effect in the radish nutritional status, growth and productivity. The experimental design used was the randomized blocks within a 2x4x4 factorial scheme, 3 replications. The treatments resulted from the following combination: cultivars (25 and 19), cattle manure doses (0, 25, 50, and 75 t ha-1 dry basis) and N doses (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha-1). The increasing cattle manure and urea doses provided higher plant height, leaf area, root fresh and dry mass and commercial productivity in both cultivars, N contributing more than the cattle manure though. The cv 19 maximum commercial productivity (20.34 t ha-1) was obtained using 75 ton ha-1 of cattle manure and 139 kg ha-1 of N. to the cv 25 (11.90 t ha-1) with 75 t ha-1 of cattle manure and 180 kg ha-1 of N. The maximum economic efficiency dose observed to cv 25 were 65.1 t ha-1 and 180 kg ha-1 of cattle manure and N, respectively, while to cv 19 were 63.6 t ha-1 and 144.7 kg ha-1 of cattle manure and N, respectively.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-05-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:03:00Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 piffer_cr_dr_botfca.pdf: 869788 bytes, checksum: 1fd990a31ecd21b6ea0fbf4b2bbfc672 (MD5) / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar dois tipos de cobertura vegetal de inverno, através de três sistemas de manejo do solo, avaliando seus efeitos no crescimento e desenvolvimento da cultura de milho. Os experimentos foram instalados e conduzidos na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, no período compreendido entre fevereiro de 2005 e maio de 2006, em NITOSSOLO VERMELHO Distroférrico, cultivado há nove anos com os mesmos sistemas de manejo do solo. Os experimentos foram constituídos de seis tratamentos com quatro repetições utilizando o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituídas por três sistemas de manejo do solo (preparo convencional, constituído por uma gradagem pesada e duas gradagens leves; cultivo mínimo, escarificador equipado com disco de corte e rolo destorroador, trabalhando na profundidade entre 25 e 30 cm e plantio direto, com dessecação da vegetação de cobertura por meio de aplicação de herbicida) e as subparcelas foram compostas por duas culturas de inverno (nabo forrageiro, Raphanus sativus L. e nabiça, Raphanus raphanistrum L.), que conseqüentemente formaram os dois tipos de coberturas vegetais, sobre as quais foram realizados os sistemas de manejo do solo para a implantação da cultura de milho. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância com teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade para comparar as médias. As análises estatísticas demonstraram que o sistema de plantio direto apresentou maior densidade e resistência mecânica do solo à penetração, quando comparado ao preparo convencional e ao cultivo mínimo. O cultivo mínimo apresentou maiores valores de profundidade de trabalho, área de solo mobilizada e capacidade de campo efetiva e menores valores de tempo efetivo demandado, uso específico... / This paper aims to compare two types of winter vegetal covering, through three soil tillage systems, evaluating their effects in growth and development of corn crop. Experiments were installed and carried out at Lageado Experimental Farm at Agricultural Science University of UNESP, Botucatu Campus, from february 2005 to may 2006, in Distroferic Red Nitosoil, which has been cultivated for nine years under the same soil tillage systems. Experiments were carried out in six treatments with four repetitions, using randomized experimental blocks with subdivided parts. Parts were made up by three soil tillage systems (conventional tillage, made up by one heavy harrow and two leveling harrow; minimum tillage, with chisel plow with cut disk and roll, working at 25 to 30 cm deep and notillage, with herbicide drying coverage vegetation) and subparts were made up by two winter crops (Raphanus sativus L. and Raphanus raphanistrum L.) which made up the two vegetal coverings over which the soil tillage systems were carried out for corn cropping. Obtained data were analyzed by Turkey variance test at 5% of probability for comparing averages. Statistical analysis showed that no-tillage system had higher density as well as mechanical soil resistance to penetration, when compared to conventional and minimum tillages. Minimum tillage system showed higher values of work deepness, mobilized soil area as well as effective field capacity and lower values of demanded real time, specific energy use and fuel consumption. For Raphanus sativus L. and Raphanus raphanistrum L., sowing it was observed that no-tillage system showed lower traction force, steering bar power, demanded real time, specific energy use and fuel consumption. Raphanus raphanistrum L. showed higher length, volume and root dry matter compared to Raphanus sativus L., meantime not observed statistical differences between both. Raphanus raphanistrum...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Submitted by MARCOS ROBERTO RIBEIRO JUNIOR (marcosrrjr@gmail.com) on 2018-05-08T22:29:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação MRRJ.pdf: 1724799 bytes, checksum: 037c8e4ad5333c640f804b844d4e1c8f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Lucia Martins Frederico null (mlucia@fca.unesp.br) on 2018-05-09T11:47:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro junior_mr_me_botfca.pdf: 1584829 bytes, checksum: 17f199c24c786ad5706005cd000ce73f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-09T11:47:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ribeiro junior_mr_me_botfca.pdf: 1584829 bytes, checksum: 17f199c24c786ad5706005cd000ce73f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A partir do ano de 2016, anormalidades foram observadas em campos de produção de rúcula (Eruca sativa) no interior do estado de São Paulo, região de Botucatu. As plantas acometidas apresentavam mosaico, redução drástica no crescimento e deformação foliar, sintomas típicos da infeção por vírus. Associadas as essas plantas, também foram observadas altas populações de pulgões/afídeos e de plantas daninhas, como nabiça (Raphanus raphanistrum) e nabo forrageiro (Brassica rapa) apresentando sintomas de mosaico. Inicialmente, as plantas foram submetidas ao teste de ELISA indireto usando um antissoro para potyvirus, em seguida foi realizada a extração de RNA total e RT-PCR, utilizando as amostras ELISA-positivas. A sequência correspondente à região codificadora para a proteína capsidial foi obtida e o vírus foi identificado como Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Posteriormente outros campos de produção de folhosas foram visitados no Estado de São Paulo (região de Bragança Paulista e Mogi-Mirim) e o TuMV foi novamente identificado em rúcula, porém também em alface (Lactuca sativa) e acelga (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). Analises biológicas e moleculares agruparam ambos os isolados de TuMV no grupo Brassica-Raphanus (BR), que inclui isolados infectando espécies de Brassica e Raphanus. É apresentado aqui o primeiro relato de TuMV naturalmente infectando rúcula, alface e acelga no Brasil. De acordo com a análise filogenética, pelo menos duas introduções diferentes de isolados de TuMV ocorreram no Brasil, correspondendo aos tipos basal-BR e world-B, infectando Brassica/Raphanus e Brassica, respectivamente. / Abnormalities have been observed in rocket (Eruca sativa) fields in Botucatu, Sao Paulo state, Brazil since 2016. Symptoms of mosaic, reduction in foliar growth and deformation, typical symptoms of virus infection were observed in rocket plants. Associated to these plants we also found high populations of aphids, as well as raphanus weeds (Raphanus raphanistrum) and forage turnip (Brassica rapa) with mosaic symptoms. Initially, the plants were submitted to indirect ELISA using a potyvirus antiserum, and then total RNA extraction and RT-PCR were performed using the ELISA-positive samples. The complete coat protein sequence was obtained and the virus was identified as Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV). Later, other fields were visited in Sao Paulo state (cities of Bragança Paulista and Mogi-Mirim) and TuMV was again identified not only in rocket, but also in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). Biological and molecular analysis grouped both TuMV isolates in the Brassica-Raphanus (BR) clade, which includes isolates infecting Brassica and Raphanus species. Here is the first report of rocket, lettuce and chard naturally infected with TuMV in Brazil. According to the phylogenetic analysis, at least two different introductions of TuMV isolates occurred in Brazil, corresponding to the basal-BR and world-B types, infecting Brassica/Raphanus and Brassica, respectively.

Submitted by Cibele Nogueira (cibelenogueira@ufgd.edu.br) on 2017-03-03T14:27:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 ALINEBORELLI.pdf: 934525 bytes, checksum: 50b46aa0f64bdebcd71522bacb0726b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-03T14:27:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 ALINEBORELLI.pdf: 934525 bytes, checksum: 50b46aa0f64bdebcd71522bacb0726b4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-13 / This study aimed to evaluate the effect of hidroretentor polymer doses (hydrogel) on productivity and quality of irrigated radish, via surface and subsurface drip. The treatments consisted of two positions of installation of gotejadoras lines, surface and subsurface and six hidroretentor polymer doses (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 g.m2) in a Hapludox. The experiment was conducted in two crop cycles in the period from October to November 2013 and April-May 2014, in the area of Irrigation and Drainage, the Faculty of Agrarian Sciences (FCA) of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) in Dourados-MS. The experimental design was a randomized block in split plot with five repetitions. At 33 days after sowing (DAS) harvest was performed and evaluated the productivity parameters: number of leaves (leaves.plant-1), root diameter (mm), length of shoot and root (cm) fresh weight of shoot and root (g), dry weight of shoot and root (g). And quality parameters: pH, and total soluble solids (° Brix) in the roots, firmness and acidity. All variables were subjected to analysis of variance by F test and applied to source of variation polymer doses hidroretentor comparison using regression model. It was found that the production of radish roots, was influenced by the position of drip hoses, and the irrigation surface drip was statistically superior to subsurface drip to the number of leaves and fresh root mass in the first cycle (October / November) and shoot length in the second growing season (April / May). With respect to hidroretentor polymer doses, it can be concluded that radish culture responded significantly doses in two cycles of cultivation. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de doses de polímero hidroretentor (hidrogel) na produtividade e na qualidade da cultura do rabanete irrigado via gotejamento superficial e subsuperficial. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas posições de instalação das linhas gotejadoras, superficial e subsuperficial, e seis doses de polímero hidroretentor (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 g.m2) em um Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico. O experimento foi conduzido em dois ciclos de cultivo no período de outubro a novembro de 2013 e de abril a maio de 2014, na área de Irrigação e Drenagem, da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias (FCA) da Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), em Dourados-MS. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados no esquema de parcelas subdivididas com cinco repetições. Aos 33 dias após a semeadura (DAS) foi realizada a colheita, sendo avaliados os parâmetros de produtividade: número de folhas (folhas.planta-1), diâmetro da raiz (mm), comprimento da parte aérea e da raiz (cm), massa fresca da parte aérea e de raiz (g), massa seca da parte aérea e raiz (g). E parâmetros de qualidade: pH, e teores de sólidos solúveis totais (°Brix) nas raízes, firmeza e acidez. Todas as variáveis avaliadas foram submetidas à análise de variância pelo teste F. E aplicou-se para fonte de variação doses de polímero hidroretentor a comparação através de modelo de regressão. Concluiu-se que a produção de raízes de rabanete, foi influenciada pela posição das mangueiras gotejadores, sendo que a irrigação por gotejamento superficial foi estatisticamente superior ao gotejamento subsuperficial para o número de folhas e massa fresca de raiz no primeiro ciclo de cultivo (outubro/novembro) e para comprimento de parte aérea no segundo ciclo de cultivo (abril/maio). Com relação às doses de polímero hidroretentor, pode-se concluir que a cultura do rabanete respondeu significativamente as doses nos dois ciclos de cultivo.

Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniero Agrónomo Mención: Sanidad Vegetal / Durante la temporada 2002-03 se estudió el efecto del polen de Helianthus annus L. (maravilla), Eschscholtzia californica Cham. (dedal de oro), Convolvulus arvensis L. (correhuela), Brassica rapa L. (yuyo), Raphanus sativus L. (rábano), Senecio vulgaris L. (senecio) y Taraxacum officinale Wever ex Wiggers (diente de león) en la sobrevivencia de los individuos, fertilidad y viabilidad de los huevos de Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor) en laboratorio.