The research attempted to demystify the Zimbabwean land reform that was spear headed by war veterans’ in Zimbabwe. This research investigated the impact of the Fast Track Land Reform Programme (FTLRP) in 2000 on Household Food Security. It was generally assumed that the programme did not improve Household Food Security. To verify that assertion the research used questionnaires in a survey research design. The questionnaires were administered to 322 household heads that had been selected by the random stratified sampling method in Mutare District. The results established that Household Food Security in Mutare District improved after the implementation of the FTLRP. The national grain storage however was depleted because the new farmers reduced the production levels set by the former white farmers. The research therefore recommends an orderly and sustainable transition of Land Reform in future programmes to enhance national grain reserves. This also further improves the Household Food Security.

Magister Philosophiae (Land and Agrarian Studies) - MPhil(LAS) / This thesis presented a study of post-settlement experiences of land reform beneficiaries, with a focus on three case studies from Limpopo Province. Since 1994, the South African government has implemented a land reform programme that aims to redress the injustices in land ownership patterns in the country. This study included a review of international and local literature on land reform with particualr interest in what happens after land transfer and settlement. / South Africa

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'apporter une contribution sur la question de la réforme du système de retraite par répartition lequel devient plus que jamais fragilisé dans un contexte de vieillissement des populations. Aussi, dans le cadre de cette recherche, nous avons analysé les effets du système de retraite par répartition ainsi que de sa réforme sur les variables macroéconomiques et sur le bien être des générations. Dans cette perspective, nous avons construit un modèle d'équilibre général calculable à générations imbriquées à partir duquel nous avons simulé différents scénarii de réforme du système de retraite tunisien en tenant compte de l'évolution de la population. Les résultats empiriques corroborent ceux dégagés d'un point de vue théorique et montrent qu'une combinaison d'une hausse du taux de cotisation, d'une baisse du taux de remplacement et d'un recul de cinq ans de l'âge de départ à la retraite, améliorerait le solde budgétaire du système par répartition mais aurait un effet négatif sur l'épargne ainsi que sur le stock de capital de l'économie. Par ailleurs, il s'avère que l'introduction d'un pilier par capitalisation, tout en maintenant constant le taux global de cotisation, aurait des effets positifs sur les variables macroéconomiques mais affecterait négativement le bien-être des générations de la transition. Les résultats des simulations nous ont également permis de formuler une proposition de réforme qui se déroulerait en deux étapes et qui permettrait de maintenir l'équilibre financier du système de retraite tunisien jusqu'en 2040. / The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the social security reform debate which is becoming an up-to-date concern with an aging population context. In this research, we analyze the impact of the macroeconomic and welfare effects of the pay-as-you-go system and of its reform especially during the transition. In this perspective we developed an overlapping generation model based on a general equilibrium framework. Our model takes into account the evolution of the Tunisian demographic structure. Results from simulations suggest that a social security reform combining a decrease in the replacement rate, an increase in the contribution rate and a five year increase in the retirement age have positive financial effects. However, it has negative effects on savings and on capital stock in the economy. According to our model, a fully funded pillar introduction, keeping total contribution rate constant, has a positive impact on macroeconomic variables. Nevertheless, this reform hurts the transitional generations welfare. Using these results, we propose a two-step reform of the Tunisian retirement system which introduces a fully funded pillar. This reform proposal can insure financial equilibrium of the retirement system until 2040.

with George Weigel, author of a biography on Pope John Paul II, entitled Witness to Hope / McGuinn Hall 121

Mississippis low rate of literacy has been the focus of concern for educators and policy makers for many years. At the same time the National Reading Panel (National Institute of Health, 2000) was attempting to resolve the issue of which methods were most effective in teaching children to read by conducting a meta-analysis of reading research, Mississippi was developing a reform model, the Mississippi Reading Reform Model (MRRM), to raise the reading achievement of its students. In 2000 James Barksdale, founder of Netscape, donated one hundred million dollars to Mississippi and founded the Barksdale Reading Institute (BRI) in order to assist in the implementation of the MRRM and, ultimately, raise the literacy rates in Mississippi. In 2006 BRI initiated a reading reform model in the form of demonstration classrooms. Core reading instruction for kindergarten and first grade students at-risk for reading failure in the demonstration classrooms was provided by the Barksdale Literacy Teachers (BLTs). Reading interventions were provided for kindergarten through third grade students in the demonstration classrooms by the BLTs and an Intervention Specialist (IS). Reading methods and strategies promoted by the NRP formed the basis of instruction in the demonstration classrooms. The subject of this qualitative study is the experiences of 12 BLTs as they implemented demonstration classrooms across Mississippi. The researcher investigated the BLTs? personal experiences as they worked with students, predominantly African Americans and from low-socioeconomic communities. The Read Well program was used in the classrooms as a means of ensuring the use of NRP promoted methods. Research findings reveal the problems associated with teaching struggling readers who are also living with the effects of poverty. BLTs described their use of a scripted commercial program and problems the program posed for their students as speakers of African American Vernacular English.

In the past, South Africa was fraught with racial injustices resulting in the creation of a void between the country’s land reform and community conservation frameworks. The South African government has, over the past two decades promulgated a wide range of land laws to give effect to the property right contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution) in order to close this void. Similarly, the government has promulgated numerous national and provincial conservation laws to give effect to the environmental right contained in the Constitution, moving towards a more people-centred approach to nature conservation. Collectively, these set the foundation for land reform and sustainable development. Despite this foundation, no single act comprehensively regulates community conservation in South Africa, resulting in a high level of fragmentation in both the legal and administrative sectors. This fragmentation, coupled with a division of responsibilities and a lack of coordination, has been a major factor hampering effective community conservation initiatives following the land reform process. It is against this background that this study proposes to examine and evaluate the legal frameworks applicable to community conservation and land reform, with specific reference to the relationship between community conservation, land reform and sustainability, and to establish the extent to which South African law provides for sustainable community conservation following the land reform process. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

In the past, South Africa was fraught with racial injustices resulting in the creation of a void between the country’s land reform and community conservation frameworks. The South African government has, over the past two decades promulgated a wide range of land laws to give effect to the property right contained in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (the Constitution) in order to close this void. Similarly, the government has promulgated numerous national and provincial conservation laws to give effect to the environmental right contained in the Constitution, moving towards a more people-centred approach to nature conservation. Collectively, these set the foundation for land reform and sustainable development. Despite this foundation, no single act comprehensively regulates community conservation in South Africa, resulting in a high level of fragmentation in both the legal and administrative sectors. This fragmentation, coupled with a division of responsibilities and a lack of coordination, has been a major factor hampering effective community conservation initiatives following the land reform process. It is against this background that this study proposes to examine and evaluate the legal frameworks applicable to community conservation and land reform, with specific reference to the relationship between community conservation, land reform and sustainability, and to establish the extent to which South African law provides for sustainable community conservation following the land reform process. / LLM (Environmental Law and Governance), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

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