Thesis advisor: John C. Hepburn / The bedrock geology of the Maynard quadrangle of east-central Massachusetts was examined through field and petrographic studies and mapped at a scale of 1:24,000. The quadrangle spans much of the Nashoba terrane and a small area of the Avalon terrane. Two stratigraphic units were defined in the Nashoba terrane: the Cambrian to Ordovician Marlboro Formation and the Ordovician Nashoba Formation. In addition, four igneous units were defined in the Nashoba terrane: the Silurian to Ordovician phases of the Andover Granite, the Silurian to Devonian Assabet Quartz Diorite, the Silurian to Devonian White Pond Diorites (new name), and the Mississippian Indian Head Hill Igneous Complex. In the Avalon terrane, one stratigraphic unit was defined as the Proterozoic Z Westboro Formation Mylonites, and one igneous unit was defined as the Proterozoic Z to Devonian Sudbury Valley Igneous Complex. Two major faults were identified: the intra-terrane Assabet River fault zone in the central part of the quadrangle, and the south-east Nashoba terrane bounding Bloody Bluff fault zone. Petrofabric studies on fault rocks in two areas indicated final motion in those areas: the sheared Marlboro Formation amphibolites indicated dextral transpressive NW over SE motion, and the Westboro Formation Mylonites indicated sinistral strike-slip motion. Fracture characterization of entire quadrangle where attributes (orientation, trace length, spacing, and termination) of fractures and joints were used to identify dominant sets of fractures that affect the transmissivity and storage of groundwater. Orientations of SW - NE are dominant throughout the quadrangle and consistent with regional trend. / Thesis (MS) — Boston College, 2010. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Geology and Geophysics.

The thesis deals with the possibilities of presentation of geological information in the field of regional geology. The main aim of the thesis is to create the proposal of On-line Textbook in Regional Geology which can be used as a learning resource for universities, experts and all interested people. There had not been paid enough attention to the geology subject within the basic and secondary schools curriculum for last years. Geology was the part of other taught subjects. Nevertheless, there were initiatives that allowed to find new space for geology subject that has been realizing especially within frame educational programme at grammar schools. There are many resources that can be used during the educational process of regional geology such as traditional textbooks, expert compendiums, but also modern aplication in the form of internet projects. Unfortunatelly, current accesible web applications are not updated and do not include modern findings and knowledge. The proposal of On-line textbook represents the core topic of the thesis. This concept is being developed with the support of the Czech Geological Survey (CGS) in collaboration with the Faculty of Science at Charles University in Prague. There is the connection with CGS portal which is the main communication interface with the user. CGS portal...

A área estudada está inserida no Domínio Transversal da Província Borborema. As unidades litoestratigráficas que compõem o embasamento paleoproterozócio (riaciano) são representadas por rochas ortoderivadas dos Complexos Salgadinho e Cabaceiras. Esses complexos foram individualizados de acordo com as suas diferenças composicionais, texturais e/ou geocronológicas. As rochas metassedimentares de idade paleoproterozóica (Orosiriano) foram interpretadas como constituintes do Complexo Sertânia. O magmatismo no estateriano é caracterizado por ortognaisses sienogranítcos da Suíte Carnoió-Caturité e por metanortositos do Complexo Metanortosítico Boqueirão. As unidades litoestratigráficas do Neoproterozóico são representadas por sucessões metassedimentares Criogenianas do Complexo Surubim e ortognaisses granodioríticos e sienograníticos do início do Ediacarano, denominados de Complexo Sumé e Ortognaisse Riacho de Santo Antônio, respectivamente. O magmatismo granítico do Ediacarano foi caracterizado pelo alojamento dos Plutons Inácio Pereira e Marinho. Os dados geocronológicos (U-Pb em zircão) obtidos indicam, no mínimo, o desenvolvimento de três eventos tectono-magmáticos. As idades de 2042 + 11Ma e 1996 + 13Ma obtidas nos ortoanfibolitos do Complexo Cabaceiras foram interpretadas como a idade de cristalização do protólito e metamorfismo, respectivamente. A idade de 1638 + 13Ma proveniente de hornblenda ortognaisse sienogranítico da Suíte Carnoió-Caturité foi interpretada como a idade de cristalização do protólito, marcando um evento magmático Estateriano de afinidade anorogênica. A idade de 550 + 3.1Ma encontrada em monzogranito porfirítico do Pluton Marinho é um registro do último evento magmático no final do Ediacarano, associado ao estágio tardio de desenvolvimento da Zona de Cisalhamento Coxixola. Os dados estruturais permitiram a individualização de três fases de deformação dúcteis, individualizadas como D1, D2 e D3. A fase D1 foi responsável pela geração de uma foliação S1, observada somente na charneira de dobras F2. O evento D2 é assinalado por uma tectônica contracional com transporte para NNW, observado a partir de bandas de cisalhamento assimétricas e dobras de arrasto em cortes paralelos a lineação de estiramento (L2x). Zonas de cisalhamento dúcteis de geometria e cinemática distintas desenvolveram-se durante a fase D3. As zonas de Cisalhamento Boa Vista, Carnoió e Congo estão orientadas na direção NE-SW e exibem cinemática sinistral em cortes paralelos à lineação de estiramento (L3x). As terminações meridionais dessas zonas de cisalhamento estão conectadas com a Zona de Cisalhamento Coxixola. Essa zona de cisalhamento, de direção WSW-ENE e cinemática destral, atravessa toda a área de estudo, com uma espessura média de rochas miloníticas de 300m. A Zona de Cisalhamento Inácio Pereira ocorre na porção leste da área de estudo, orientada na direção WNW-ESE. A análise geométrica e cinemática dessa zona de cisalhamento sugere uma evolução deformacional através de regime transpressivo oblíquo sinistral. O padrão anastomosado final resultante do desenvolvimento de todas as zonas de cisalhamento da área é relacionado à evolução estrutural de um sistema de zonas de cisalhamento dúcteis conjugadas. / The studied area is inserted in the Transversal Domain of Borborema Province. The Paleoproterozoic (Riacian) basement encompasses mainly by metaplutonic rocks from Salgadinho and Cabaceiras Complex. These complexes were individualized according to their compositional, textural and/or geochronological datas. The Paleoproterozoic (Orosirian) metasedimentary rocks were interpreted as components of Sertânia Complex. The Estatherian magmatic event is characterized by syenogranitic orthogneisses of the Carnoió-Caturité Suite and metaplutonic rocks of Metanorthositic Boqueirão Complex. The Neoproterozoic lithostratigraphic units are represented by Cryogenian metasedimentary successions of Complex Surubim and by Early-Ediacaran granodioritic and syenogranitic orthogneisses and of the Sumé Complex and Riacho de Santo Antonio orthogneisses, respectively. The Ediacaran granitic magmatism was characterized by the emplacement of Inácio Pereira and Marinho Plutons. The geochronological data (LA-ICPMS) indicate at least of three tectono-magmatic events. The 2042 + 13Ma and 1996 + 11Ma ages from amphibolites of Cabaceiras Complex were interpreted as the crystallization age of the protolith and metamorphism, respectively. The age of 1638 + 13Ma from the syenogranitic hornblende orthogneiss of Carnoió-Caturité Suite was interpreted as the crystallization age of the protolith, marking an Estatherian anorogenic magmatic event. The age of 550 + 3.1Ma acquired in a porphyritic monzogranite of Marinho Pluton is a record of the last magmatic event in the Late-Ediacaran, associated with the final stage of development of the Coxixola Shear Zone. The structural data allowed the individualization of three deformation phases, individualized as D1, D2 and D3. D1 was responsible for generating a S1 foliation, observed only at the hinge of F2 folds. The D2 event is marked by a thrust regime with transport to NNW, observed from asymmetrical shear bands and drag folds in sections parallel to stretching lineation (L2x). Ductile shear zones of different geometry and kinematics had been developed during the D3 phase. The NE-SW Boa Vista, Carnoió and Congo Shear zones exhibit sinistral kinematic in sections parallel to stretching lineation (L3x). The southern limits of these shear zones are connected with Coxixola Shear Zone. This WSW-ENE shear zone with dextral kinematics crosscut the entire studied area, with an average of 300m thickness of mylonitic rocks. The WNW-ESE Inácio Pereira Shear Zone is situated in the eastern portion of the studied area, shows geometric and kinematic characteristics in agreement with an evolution through an oblique-sinistral transpressive regime. The structural evolution of a system of conjugate ductile shear zones is responsible by anastomosed framework exposed in a map view.

A área estudada está inserida no Domínio Transversal da Província Borborema. As unidades litoestratigráficas que compõem o embasamento paleoproterozócio (riaciano) são representadas por rochas ortoderivadas dos Complexos Salgadinho e Cabaceiras. Esses complexos foram individualizados de acordo com as suas diferenças composicionais, texturais e/ou geocronológicas. As rochas metassedimentares de idade paleoproterozóica (Orosiriano) foram interpretadas como constituintes do Complexo Sertânia. O magmatismo no estateriano é caracterizado por ortognaisses sienogranítcos da Suíte Carnoió-Caturité e por metanortositos do Complexo Metanortosítico Boqueirão. As unidades litoestratigráficas do Neoproterozóico são representadas por sucessões metassedimentares Criogenianas do Complexo Surubim e ortognaisses granodioríticos e sienograníticos do início do Ediacarano, denominados de Complexo Sumé e Ortognaisse Riacho de Santo Antônio, respectivamente. O magmatismo granítico do Ediacarano foi caracterizado pelo alojamento dos Plutons Inácio Pereira e Marinho. Os dados geocronológicos (U-Pb em zircão) obtidos indicam, no mínimo, o desenvolvimento de três eventos tectono-magmáticos. As idades de 2042 + 11Ma e 1996 + 13Ma obtidas nos ortoanfibolitos do Complexo Cabaceiras foram interpretadas como a idade de cristalização do protólito e metamorfismo, respectivamente. A idade de 1638 + 13Ma proveniente de hornblenda ortognaisse sienogranítico da Suíte Carnoió-Caturité foi interpretada como a idade de cristalização do protólito, marcando um evento magmático Estateriano de afinidade anorogênica. A idade de 550 + 3.1Ma encontrada em monzogranito porfirítico do Pluton Marinho é um registro do último evento magmático no final do Ediacarano, associado ao estágio tardio de desenvolvimento da Zona de Cisalhamento Coxixola. Os dados estruturais permitiram a individualização de três fases de deformação dúcteis, individualizadas como D1, D2 e D3. A fase D1 foi responsável pela geração de uma foliação S1, observada somente na charneira de dobras F2. O evento D2 é assinalado por uma tectônica contracional com transporte para NNW, observado a partir de bandas de cisalhamento assimétricas e dobras de arrasto em cortes paralelos a lineação de estiramento (L2x). Zonas de cisalhamento dúcteis de geometria e cinemática distintas desenvolveram-se durante a fase D3. As zonas de Cisalhamento Boa Vista, Carnoió e Congo estão orientadas na direção NE-SW e exibem cinemática sinistral em cortes paralelos à lineação de estiramento (L3x). As terminações meridionais dessas zonas de cisalhamento estão conectadas com a Zona de Cisalhamento Coxixola. Essa zona de cisalhamento, de direção WSW-ENE e cinemática destral, atravessa toda a área de estudo, com uma espessura média de rochas miloníticas de 300m. A Zona de Cisalhamento Inácio Pereira ocorre na porção leste da área de estudo, orientada na direção WNW-ESE. A análise geométrica e cinemática dessa zona de cisalhamento sugere uma evolução deformacional através de regime transpressivo oblíquo sinistral. O padrão anastomosado final resultante do desenvolvimento de todas as zonas de cisalhamento da área é relacionado à evolução estrutural de um sistema de zonas de cisalhamento dúcteis conjugadas. / The studied area is inserted in the Transversal Domain of Borborema Province. The Paleoproterozoic (Riacian) basement encompasses mainly by metaplutonic rocks from Salgadinho and Cabaceiras Complex. These complexes were individualized according to their compositional, textural and/or geochronological datas. The Paleoproterozoic (Orosirian) metasedimentary rocks were interpreted as components of Sertânia Complex. The Estatherian magmatic event is characterized by syenogranitic orthogneisses of the Carnoió-Caturité Suite and metaplutonic rocks of Metanorthositic Boqueirão Complex. The Neoproterozoic lithostratigraphic units are represented by Cryogenian metasedimentary successions of Complex Surubim and by Early-Ediacaran granodioritic and syenogranitic orthogneisses and of the Sumé Complex and Riacho de Santo Antonio orthogneisses, respectively. The Ediacaran granitic magmatism was characterized by the emplacement of Inácio Pereira and Marinho Plutons. The geochronological data (LA-ICPMS) indicate at least of three tectono-magmatic events. The 2042 + 13Ma and 1996 + 11Ma ages from amphibolites of Cabaceiras Complex were interpreted as the crystallization age of the protolith and metamorphism, respectively. The age of 1638 + 13Ma from the syenogranitic hornblende orthogneiss of Carnoió-Caturité Suite was interpreted as the crystallization age of the protolith, marking an Estatherian anorogenic magmatic event. The age of 550 + 3.1Ma acquired in a porphyritic monzogranite of Marinho Pluton is a record of the last magmatic event in the Late-Ediacaran, associated with the final stage of development of the Coxixola Shear Zone. The structural data allowed the individualization of three deformation phases, individualized as D1, D2 and D3. D1 was responsible for generating a S1 foliation, observed only at the hinge of F2 folds. The D2 event is marked by a thrust regime with transport to NNW, observed from asymmetrical shear bands and drag folds in sections parallel to stretching lineation (L2x). Ductile shear zones of different geometry and kinematics had been developed during the D3 phase. The NE-SW Boa Vista, Carnoió and Congo Shear zones exhibit sinistral kinematic in sections parallel to stretching lineation (L3x). The southern limits of these shear zones are connected with Coxixola Shear Zone. This WSW-ENE shear zone with dextral kinematics crosscut the entire studied area, with an average of 300m thickness of mylonitic rocks. The WNW-ESE Inácio Pereira Shear Zone is situated in the eastern portion of the studied area, shows geometric and kinematic characteristics in agreement with an evolution through an oblique-sinistral transpressive regime. The structural evolution of a system of conjugate ductile shear zones is responsible by anastomosed framework exposed in a map view.

Esta Tese aborda, de modo original e pioneiro, importantes aspectos da Engenharia de Fundações do Sul de Minas: a) sistematização de conhecimentos sobre a Geologia regional; b) identificação e caracterização da prática de fundações; c) definição (com a formação de um banco de dados) dos perfis mais representativos do subsolo de suas principais cidades; d) estudo dos parâmetros físicos, químicos e geomecânicos de um solo típico; e) implantação de campo experimental de fundações da Universidade Federal de Lavras, com a realização de provas de carga. Grande ênfase foi dada aos itens (a), (c) e (e). Priorizou-se o estudo das fundações de baixa capacidade de carga, no estudo do comportamento carga-recalque de ensaios de placa, de provas de carga a compressão em estacas-broca isoladas e de tubulões curtos instrumentados. Destacam-se as análises sobre os efeitos de forma, profundidade, melhoramento do terreno de fundação e de inundação nas fundações rasas e da variação L/d na resistência lateral unitária das estacas, sendo valorizadas as fórmulas empíricas com base no SPT. São apresentadas fórmulas de previsão de carga, em função do SPT, para sapatas, estacas de pequeno diâmetro e tubulões curtos e um estudo de custos, onde se mostra que a opção indiscriminada por tubulões é inadequada para certas faixas de carga de trabalho. Adicionalmente, são feitas recomendações para intensificar o uso de sondagens tendo em vista a grande variabilidade das propriedades dos solos regionais e para aumentar os fatores de segurança nestas fórmulas onde houver possibilidade de ocorrência de colapso no solo. / This work presents, at time, important aspects of Foundation Engineering at Southern Region of Minas Gerais State: a) systematization of the knowledge about regional geology; b) identification and characterization of practice in foundations; c) definition (though establishment of a data base) of most representative sub-soil profiles at main cities at the region; d) study of physical, chemical and geomechanical parameters of a typical soil; e) implementation of a experimental field for foundation studies at Federal University of Lavras, by execution of load tests. A large emphasis was given to items a, c and e. The study of foundations of low load capacity was prioritized when testing plates, isolated piles under compression and short drilled piers with sensors. Analysis such as form effects, depth, soil improvement and flooding on shallow foundations and variation of L/d on the lateral unity resistance by emphasizing the empiral equations based on SPT were all pointed out. Mathematical equations are presented for load estimation as function of SPT for small diameter piles and short drilled piers as well as a cost study where it can bem shown that the undistinguished alternative for piers is inadequate for some load values. In addition, due to soil spatial variability and safety factor increment on soils subject for colapse, recommendations on intensive use of SPT test are given.

Esta Tese aborda, de modo original e pioneiro, importantes aspectos da Engenharia de Fundações do Sul de Minas: a) sistematização de conhecimentos sobre a Geologia regional; b) identificação e caracterização da prática de fundações; c) definição (com a formação de um banco de dados) dos perfis mais representativos do subsolo de suas principais cidades; d) estudo dos parâmetros físicos, químicos e geomecânicos de um solo típico; e) implantação de campo experimental de fundações da Universidade Federal de Lavras, com a realização de provas de carga. Grande ênfase foi dada aos itens (a), (c) e (e). Priorizou-se o estudo das fundações de baixa capacidade de carga, no estudo do comportamento carga-recalque de ensaios de placa, de provas de carga a compressão em estacas-broca isoladas e de tubulões curtos instrumentados. Destacam-se as análises sobre os efeitos de forma, profundidade, melhoramento do terreno de fundação e de inundação nas fundações rasas e da variação L/d na resistência lateral unitária das estacas, sendo valorizadas as fórmulas empíricas com base no SPT. São apresentadas fórmulas de previsão de carga, em função do SPT, para sapatas, estacas de pequeno diâmetro e tubulões curtos e um estudo de custos, onde se mostra que a opção indiscriminada por tubulões é inadequada para certas faixas de carga de trabalho. Adicionalmente, são feitas recomendações para intensificar o uso de sondagens tendo em vista a grande variabilidade das propriedades dos solos regionais e para aumentar os fatores de segurança nestas fórmulas onde houver possibilidade de ocorrência de colapso no solo. / This work presents, at time, important aspects of Foundation Engineering at Southern Region of Minas Gerais State: a) systematization of the knowledge about regional geology; b) identification and characterization of practice in foundations; c) definition (though establishment of a data base) of most representative sub-soil profiles at main cities at the region; d) study of physical, chemical and geomechanical parameters of a typical soil; e) implementation of a experimental field for foundation studies at Federal University of Lavras, by execution of load tests. A large emphasis was given to items a, c and e. The study of foundations of low load capacity was prioritized when testing plates, isolated piles under compression and short drilled piers with sensors. Analysis such as form effects, depth, soil improvement and flooding on shallow foundations and variation of L/d on the lateral unity resistance by emphasizing the empiral equations based on SPT were all pointed out. Mathematical equations are presented for load estimation as function of SPT for small diameter piles and short drilled piers as well as a cost study where it can bem shown that the undistinguished alternative for piers is inadequate for some load values. In addition, due to soil spatial variability and safety factor increment on soils subject for colapse, recommendations on intensive use of SPT test are given.

The geological history of the Early Palaeozoic in eastern Australia is not known precisely. The eastern margin of the outcropping Precambrian Craton 'Tasman Line' is poorly understood. The Thomson Orogen, which underlies much of eastern Queensland, lies to the east of the Tasman Line. Basement to the Tasman Orogenic Zone is poorly understood, but knowledge of this basement is critical to our understanding to the processes that formed the eastern margin of the Precambrian craton. The Lolworth-Ravenswood Province lies to the east of the Tasman Line in northeast Queensland. A study of basement terranes in the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province will therefore provide some insights as to the nature of crust beneath this area, and therefore to the basement to the Thomson Orogen. The Fat Hen Creek Complex comprises para-authchthonous bodies of granitoid within middle to upper amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks. Data contained herein demonstrate that the composition and geochemistry of the granitoid are compatible with the generation of the granitoid by partial anatexis of the metamorphic rocks that are part of the Cape River Metamorphics. Temperature and pressure of anatexis is determined to be between 800-850OC and 5-9kb. Under these conditions, experimental data indicate that meta-pelite and meta-greywacke will produce between 5-10% melt coexisting with biotite, cordierite, garnet and plagioclase. The mineralogy of the granitoid bodies in the Fat Hen Creek Complex is consistent with partial anatexis of meta-greywacke at these temperatures and pressures. 5-10% melt is generally insufficient to allow efficient separation of melt and restite. The granitoids of the Fat Hen Creek Complex are interpreted as being a closed system with melt generated during high-grade metamorphism not separating from the residium. U/Pb dating of zircon from the Fat Hen Creek Complex indicate two distinct periods of zircon growth. The older episode occurred during the Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician. A second episode is dated as Middle Ordovician. This younger age coincides with the onset of regional compression, and may be related to exhumation of a mid-crustal layer during thrusting. The Lolworth Batholith is one of three granite batholiths in the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province. It comprises mainly muscovite-biotite granite, with smaller areas of hornblende-biotite granite to granodiorite. Sills and dykes of muscovite and garnet-muscovite leucogranite extensively intrude both of these types. The hornblende-biotite granite to granodiorite is metaluminous, with petrographic and geochemical characteristics similar to the adjacent Ravenswood Batholith. U-Pb SHRIMP ages also overlap with those from the Ravenswood Batholith. ENd(tc) values of ~-3 suggest a significant crustal contribution in the magma. Zircon populations determined using the SHRIMP suggest some inheritance from a Neoproterozoic source. The two-mica granites make up over 80% of the batholith and show little variation throughout. Aluminium Saturation indices range dominantly from 1-1.1, in keeping with the muscovite-bearing nature of the granites. U-Pb ages are significantly younger than the hornblende-biotite granitoids. ENd(tc) is ~-10, suggesting a greater role for crustal material in these granites than in the hornblende-bearing varieties. Previously, these granites were interpreted as S-types, mainly on the basis of the presence of muscovite. Low Na/Ca and Na greater than K are both considered as indicators of source compositions and both are characteristic of a mafic igneous rather than a meta-sedimentary source. Anatexis of mafic igneous rocks at temperatures less than~1000OC are found experimentally to produce peraluminous melts similar to those which produced the two-mica granites. The third major rock-type in the Lolworth Batholith is muscovite leucogranite, which occurs as sills and dykes intruding older granites and basement. The age of the leucogranite was not determined, but it has sharp contacts with the two-mica granite suggesting that the latter had cooled prior to intrusion of the former. The leucogranite is strongly peraluminous and is deemed to have been derived from anatexis of a supra-crustal (meta-sedimentary) source. The batholith is therefore deemed to comprise three different elements. The hornblende-biotite granitoids are the western extension of the adjacent Ravenswood Batholith. The two-mica granite and muscovite leucogranite are derived from different sources, but may be part of the same crustal anatexis event. During the Early Palaeozoic, the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province saw the intrusion of three granite batholiths into a basement of Late Neoproterozoic to Cambrian meta-sedimentary rocks. Also, Late Cambrian to Early Ordovician and Middle Ordovician high-grade metamorphism accompanied by partial anatexis is recorded at several sites across northeast Queensland. Although this metamorphism is restricted to these sites, they are widespread across the area suggestive of a widespread metamorphic event at these times. Similar metamorphism is recorded in the Arunta Inlier in Central Australia increasing the possible extent of this event. The geochemistry, isotopic characteristics and zircon populations of granites in the Lolworth-Ravenswood Province are used to characterise their source rocks; and thus the basement to the Province. Precambrian basement is indicated to underlie the entire province. However, the source rocks for the eastern part of the Province (Ravenswood and into the Lolworth Batholiths) are different to source rocks for the western part of the Province. Georgetown-type crust extends eastwards from the outcropping area, extending under the western Lolworth-Ravenswood Province. Late Mesoproterozoic rocks are recorded from the Cape River area adjacent to the Lolworth Batholith. They are also indicated as source-rocks for granites in the Ravenswood Batholith. Rocks of this age are characteristic of Grenvillian-age mobile belts in the United States. Their presence in north Qeensland has implications for the breakup of Rodinia, the Mesoproterozoic-age super continent that broke up during the Neoproterozoic.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:08:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JesimaelAS.pdf: 2490132 bytes, checksum: 0f657a274eca483047a74fdbb2b8e032 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000-04-13 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Geological and geophysical studies (resistivity, self potential and VLF) were undertaken in the Tararaca and Santa Rita farms, respectively close to the Santo Ant?nio and Santa Cruz villages, eastern Rio Grande do Norte State, NE Brazil. Their aim was to characterize water acummulation structures in crystalline rocks. Based on geological and geophysical data, two models were characterized, the fracture-stream and the eluvio-alluvial through, in part already described in the literature. In the Tararaca Farm, a water well was located in a NW-trending streamlet; surrounding outcrops display fractures with the same orientation. Apparent resistivity sections, accross the stream channel, confirm fracturing at depth. The VLF profiles systematically display an alignment of equivalent current density anomalies, coinciding with the stream. Based on such data, the classical fracture-stream model seems to be well characterized at this place. In the Santa Rita Farm, a NE-trending stream display a metric-thick eluvioregolith-alluvial cover. The outcropping bedrock do not present fractures paralell to the stream direction, although the latter coincides with the trend of the gneiss foliation, which dips to the south. Geophysical data confirm the absence of a fracture zone at this place, but delineate the borders of a through-shaped structure filled with sediments (alluvium and regolith). The southern border of this structure dips steeper compared to the northern one. This water acummulation structure corresponds to an alternative model as regards to the classical fracture-stream, being named as the eluvio-alluvial trough. Its local controls are the drainage and relief, coupled with the bedrock weathering preferentially following foliation planes, generating the asymmetry of the through / O Estado do Rio Grande do Norte apresenta extensas ?reas onde se sobrep?em clima semi-?rido e terrenos cristalinos. Algumas destas ?reas apresentam cobertura relativamente espessa de solo, o que dificulta ainda mais os trabalhos de loca??o de po?os (para extra??o de ?gua subterr?nea) pelo m?todo tradicional que ? baseado na an?lise de fotografias a?reas e geologia de superf?cie. Esse conjunto de fatos faz com que o ?ndice de insucesso das loca??es seja da ordem de 30%. Este trabalho descreve os resultados de estudos estruturais e geof?sicos, realizados em tr?s localidades do estado, com o objetivo de caracterizar as estruturas acumuladoras de ?gua subterr?nea no cristalino, de modo a compor uma base interpretativa que permita aumentar o ?ndice de sucesso das loca??es de po?os. Os trabalhos estruturais envolveram a coleta de dados de fraturas e folia??es e os trabalhos de geof?sica est?o baseados em dados de eletro-resistividade, potencial espont?neo e VLF(Very Low Frequency). A interpreta??o integrada dos dados estruturais e geof?sicos evidenciou que o modelo riacho-fenda n?o se constitui no modelo ?nico de acumula??o de ?gua no cristalino. Constatou-se a exist?ncia de outra estrutura, muito promissora ao ac?mulo de ?gua nestes terrenos, a qual foi denominada de calha el?vio-aluvionar. As estruturas riacho-fenda e calha apresentam caracter?sticas bem distintas e, portanto, os crit?rios de loca??o em cada estrutura s?o bastante diferentes. Na estrutura do tipo riacho-fenda ocorre a coincid?ncia do riacho com a zona de fratura ou com as suas bordas. As dire??es das fraturas coletadas em afloramentos s?o consistentes com a dire??o do riacho. Al?m disso, ocorre a correla??o de anomalias geof?sicas de um perfil a outro, delimitando a zona fraturada e a sua dire??o. Por outro lado, o modelo calha, proposto neste trabalho, representa uma estrutura de acumula??o de aluvi?o e/ou regolito. Os perfis geof?sicos, principalmente as se??es de resistividade aparente, delimitam muito bem as bordas da estrutura e fornecem uma boa indica??o da topografia do topo do cristalino sobre o qual est?o acumulados os sedimentos. As anomalias geof?sicas detetadas no centro da estrutura calha n?o apresentam continuidade de um perfil para o outro, mas ocorre boa correla??o das anomalias provocadas pela borda da estrutura. A implanta??o da estrutura calha ? fortemente condicionada pela folia??o da rocha: a maior dimens?o da estrutura calha ? paralela ? dire??o da folia??o e a forma e mergulho das bordas da calha s?o controladas pelo mergulho da folia??o. No caso das loca??es em que seja v?lido o modelo riacho-fenda, a utiliza??o do VLF oferece excelente resposta tanto em rela??o ? localiza??o da zona fraturada quanto na determina??o da dire??o do seu eixo de prolongamento. Por outro lado, no caso de loca??es em que seja v?lido o modelo calha, o m?todo de eletro-resistividade, em especial a t?cnica da se??o de resistividade aparente, proporciona a delimita??o das bordas da estrutura, bem como revela os locais da calha que apresentam maior espessura de aluvi?o e/ou regolito

Die einer unterschiedlichen Genese zuordenbaren tektonischen Strukturen, welche sich im Raum des Thüringer Waldes bündeln, formten in einem gerichteten Entwicklungsablauf das komplizierteste und vielseitigste hochoberkarbonisch-unterpermische Strukturgebäude Mitteleuropas. In dieser Arbeit wird der Versuch einer Synthese der strukturellen und der daran geknüpften vulkanogen-sedimentären Entwicklung innerhalb der permokarbonischen Thüringer Wald-Senke und ihres unmittelbaren mitteleuropäischen Umfeldes unternommen. Sie stützt sich dabei maßgeblich auf die Ergebnisse langfristig durchgeführter Kartierungsarbeiten, die in diskontinuierlichen Bearbeitungsphasen seit 1957 bis in die 90er Jahre des vergangenen Jahrhunderts erfolgten. Einbezogen werden die Ergebnisse von insgesamt 54 Forschungs- und Erkundungsbohrungen, die zu einem Großteil im Kontext dieser Arbeiten geteuft worden sind. 36 Bohrprofile werden hier erstmals vollständig beschrieben und publiziert. Neben einer nochmaligen Überprüfung der gesamten lithostratigraphischen Abfolge in der permokarbonischen Thüringer Wald-Senke besteht die Zielstellung der Arbeit in deren Einbindung in die regionale mitteleuropäische strukturelle Entwicklung während dieser Zeitspanne, beginnend bei den potenziellen variszisch-kollisional angelegten Wurzeln der permokarbonischen Strukturen, über ihre weitere tektono-magmatische Ausgestaltung bis hin zur Ausprägung der postvariszischen Großschollenfelderung Mitteleuropas am Ende des Permokarbons.

Die einer unterschiedlichen Genese zuordenbaren tektonischen Strukturen, welche sich im Raum des Thüringer Waldes bündeln, formten in einem gerichteten Entwicklungsablauf das komplizierteste und vielseitigste hochoberkarbonisch-unterpermische Strukturgebäude Mitteleuropas. In dieser Arbeit wird der Versuch einer Synthese der strukturellen und der daran geknüpften vulkanogen-sedimentären Entwicklung innerhalb der permokarbonischen Thüringer Wald-Senke und ihres unmittelbaren mitteleuropäischen Umfeldes unternommen. Sie stützt sich dabei maßgeblich auf die Ergebnisse langfristig durchgeführter Kartierungsarbeiten, die in diskontinuierlichen Bearbeitungsphasen seit 1957 bis in die 90er Jahre des vergangenen Jahrhunderts erfolgten. Einbezogen werden die Ergebnisse von insgesamt 54 Forschungs- und Erkundungsbohrungen, die zu einem Großteil im Kontext dieser Arbeiten geteuft worden sind. 36 Bohrprofile werden hier erstmals vollständig beschrieben und publiziert. Neben einer nochmaligen Überprüfung der gesamten lithostratigraphischen Abfolge in der permokarbonischen Thüringer Wald-Senke besteht die Zielstellung der Arbeit in deren Einbindung in die regionale mitteleuropäische strukturelle Entwicklung während dieser Zeitspanne, beginnend bei den potenziellen variszisch-kollisional angelegten Wurzeln der permokarbonischen Strukturen, über ihre weitere tektono-magmatische Ausgestaltung bis hin zur Ausprägung der postvariszischen Großschollenfelderung Mitteleuropas am Ende des Permokarbons.