This dissertation deals with a theological-ethical evaluation of the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 on the area of abortion on demand. It aims at empowering women and also solving the problem of backstreet abortion. Chapter one gives a brief introduction to the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996. Chapter two gives a historical background of abortion and the factors tbat eventually led to the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996. Chapter three focuses mainly on the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church on abortion. Issues relating to the value of human life are discussed in this chapter. Is~~es relating to the Termination of Pregnancy Act of 1996 and their theologicalethical in.Jplications are discussed in this chapter, i.e. chapter four. Empowering of women, sex education, instilling good moral values to the youth and also changing the pastoral attitude of churches towards sexuality can help to alleviate the problem of unwanted pregnancy. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Theological Ethics)

The development ofNursing and Nursing Education in Venda is intimately related to the work of the early missionaries, Western education and medical developments. The growth of nursing and health services had a reciprocal relationship. One was not possible without the other, viz the history of missionary education, hospitals, health services, sociocultural and political development. Each stage ofthese developments was an important step in laying the foundation of modem professional nursing and nursing education. Before contact with Western medicine, health and midwifery services were provided by traditional healers, nurses and midwives. Divination was used to: diagnose disease, identify the witch, determine medicines to cure the disease. Western nursing developed through stages of: lay nursing, hospital certificated, auxiliary nurses and midwives, registered nurses and midwives, comprehensive general nurse and midwife. The history of Nursing and Nursing Education is thus part and parcel of the social developments of the country it serves. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

With the advent of a new constitutional dispensation in South Africa, intimate relationships that were not formally recognised, such as customary marriages, became fully recognised through designated legislation. Domestic partnerships are, however, afforded only limited recognition despite compelling reasons that lead people to domestic partnerships. Domestic partners are also discriminated against based on marital status despite a Constitution that forbids discrimination based on equality, human dignity and marital status. The object of this study is to investigate whether there are sufficient grounds to afford domestic partnerships full recognition similar to that granted to civil marriage. This study includes arguments in favour and against the recognition of domestic partnerships and a discussion of the reasons that lead people into domestic partnerships. There will also be an analysis of the draft Domestic Partnership Bill 36 of 2008 to determine the suitability of the draft Bill to regulate domestic partnerships. This investigation is conducted with reference to relevant draft Bills, legislation, and case law. / Private Law / LL. M.

« L’Europe ne se fera pas en un jour, ni sans heurts.», dixit Monsieur Robert Schuman. Tel est le constat qui peut encore être fait à l’heure actuelle avec l’adoption, après trente ans d’intenses débats au niveau européen, de la Societas Europaea, introduite en droit français avec la loi du 26 juillet 2005 pour la confiance et la modernisation de l’économie, complétée par les décrets du 14 avril 2006 et du 9 novembre 2006. La même analyse peut s’appliquer à la proposition du règlement de la commission européenne relatif au statut de la société privée européenne faite le 25 juin 2008, en cours d’examen devant le Parlement Européen. Il s’agit de démontrer l’existence de normes communautaires flexibles propices au développement des normes statutaires, à l'image de celles applicables à la société privée européenne (SPE) d'origine communautaire et d'essence contractuelle. La SPE doit être analysée comme structure sociétaire, symbole de l’émancipation du droit communautaire et vecteur du principe de libre établissement des sociétés, à la fois par rapport à sa « grande cousine », la société européenne, et à travers l’étude des normes communautaires comme éléments nécessaires au bon fonctionnement des structures européennes.La question est enfin de savoir si le recours à la SPE constitue un instrument pertinent dans les opérations de restructuration intra-communautaire. Deux axes de réflexion semblent s’imposer : l’aménagement des relations contractuelles intragroupe via le modèle de la SPE et la SPE comme élément moteur dans le cadre des opérations de fusion intracommunautaire. / “Europe will not be made in a day, nor without any clashes,” according to Mr Robert Schuman. The statement proved to be true with the adoption, after thirty years of intense debates at the European level, of Societas Europaea, introduced into French law with the bill of July 26, 2005 for the confidence and modernization of the economy, supplemented by the decrees of April 14, 2006 and November 9, 2006. The same analysis can be made of the European Commission proposals for the regulations relating to the statute of the European private company made on June 25, 2008, and now under consideration before the European Parliament. The question is to show the existence of flexible Community standards favourable to the development of statutory standards, in the image of those applicable to the European Private Company of Community origin and which is contractual in essence. The European Private Company should be analysed as a member structure and a symbol of the emancipation of Community legislation as well as a vector of the principle of free establishment of companies both in relation to its “big cousin,” the European Company, and through the study of Community standards as necessary elements to the correct operation of European structures. The next step is to question if resorting to the European Private Company constitutes a relevant instrument in the operations of intracommunitarian reorganization following two main lines of investigation: the adjustment of contractual intragroup relations via the model of the European Private Company and the European Private Company as a mainspring within the framework of intracommunitarian fusion operations.

Within the nursing profession, the transition from the student to a graduate nurse is a common rite of passage that marks the end of initial educational preparation in the discipline and the beginning of a professional journey as a nurse and a member of the multidisciplinary team (Nash, Lemcke & Sacre. 2009:48). This is a period of adjustment, stress, growth and development and the transitional nurse is likely to feel uncomfortable, fearful and may experience feelings of inadequacy. This study was undertaken to explore and describe the experiences of final year nursing students at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape regarding their preparedness to become registered nurses, with the aim to identify gaps and make recommendations on strategies to close the gaps. The objectives were to explore and describe the experiences of final year nursing students at the public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape Province with regard to their preparedness to become registered nurses and to recommend strategies to improve the preparation of nursing students for transition to become registered nurses. To answer the research question “What are the experiences of final year nursing students at a public college of nursing in the Eastern Cape Province with regard their preparedness to become registered nurses”, a qualitative, explorative and descriptive design was used as a framework for the study. Data were collected by means of unstructured focus group interviews with a purposively selected sample of 27 final year nursing students at the particular college of nursing. Data were analysed using Tesch’s method of analysis for qualitative research. Two themes emerged, revealing that participants at the college experienced preparedness and lack of preparedness to assume the role of a professional nurse. This related to certain aspects that had an impact on the preparation of the final year nursing students for practice and included: curriculum-related aspects; clinical teaching and learning support; learning opportunities; interpersonal relationships between lecturers, students and clinical staff; equipment; and library resources. It was concluded that the learning needs of the nursing students were not adequately catered for, leading to lack of preparedness. Through the involvement of nursing students in the evaluation of their learning, shortfalls in both education and practice areas could therefore be detected. Recommendations regarding strategies to be used to promote preparedness of final year nursing students included: continuous feedback on student performance in the form of exit evaluations on the part of students to identify learning needs; writing of progress reports on the part of clinical practice; and the employment of clinical preceptors with clear role specifications between the lecturers, ward sisters and preceptors to avoid role confusion.

The main aim of European economic integration is to reach the common market of goods, services, persons and capital. To make this aim easier to realize in terms of free movement of capital, European Commission has created the statute of the European company (Societas Europaea, SE) as a new institute and corporate vehicle on the supranational level. The paper offers information about creation of the European company according to Comunitary and Czech national law and its corporate structure and mentions several concrete cases of company creation or transformation. The end of the study is dedicated to an analysis of the current usage of European company and advantages and disadvantages of this legal form of trading company together with a summary of current experience with the existence of European company and with the possible future of transnational companies within European Union.

This thesis work is to do with the Information system of data boxes (ISDS) which is introduced from legislation's and user's point of view. Because the introduction of this system has influenced hundreds of thousands of subjects the main target of this thesis is to find out about the impact of the ISDS on users with the help of the analysis method. In this work firstly the data provided by the Ministry of Internal Affairs are examined and interpreted, secondly the results of the poll conducted by the author and then a cost-benefit analysis of the system from the users' point of view is carried out. The results of the work show that the ISDS was at the end of the examined period (2009 -- 2013) beneficial for its users and the total economic benefit for the respective period is 3.6 billion Czech crowns. This means that every crown spent on the operation of the system by the Ministry of Internal Affairs represents savings of 2 Czech crowns. The author of this work has come to the conclusion that the system is from a legislative, technological and economic point of view very well created. The author recommends to the system administrator its further development and also recommends to use its potential among thousands of OSVČ (the self-employed).

Andelen äldre personer ökar i Sverige och världen vilket innebär att efterfrågan av vård ökar, men all vård behöver inte ske på sjukhus. Insatser som kan förhindra undvikbar slutenvård bör vara viktiga att arbeta fram dels ur ett hållbarhetsperspektiv, men även viktigt för att minska den påfrestning, förvirring och försämrad hälsostatus en sjukhusvistelse kan innebära för den äldre sköra patienten. Mobila närsjuksvårdsteam som utgår från sjukhusen är en relativt ny vårdform i Sverige och introducerades i Västra Götalandsregionen för ungefär 10 år sedan. Mobila närsjukvårdsteam gör insatser för sköra patienter med komplexa behov i hemmet och i teamen arbetar bland annat sjuksköterskor. Inom sjuksköterskans kompetensområde ingår att självständigt kunna ansvara för omvårdnad av patienter, inneha förmågan att se hela patientens livsvärld samt arbeta för en säker vård.  Syftet med den här studien är att belysa sjuksköterskans arbete med sköra patienter i mobila närsjukvårdsteam. Denna studie har genomförts som kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats och bygger på intervjuer som datainsamlingsmetod. Vi har intervjuat sjuksköterskor verksamma på tre olika mobila närsjukvårdsteam. Resultatet av vår studie har visat att sjuksköterskan i mobila närsjukvårdsteam har en viktig roll då de utför avancerad vård i hemmet genom samverkan i team och med andra vårdaktörer. Sjuksköterskan har ett helhetsperspektiv med patienten i fokus och på så sätt kan andelen onödiga sjukhusinläggningar minska. Vår studie visar att snabb uppföljning i hemmet av sköra patienter som skrivs ut från sjukhus skapar trygghet samt minskar återinläggningar. Dessutom är rätt vård av sköra äldre patienter en organisatorisk fråga och vården behöver bedrivas av rätt kompetens. Sjuksköterskans arbete i mobila närsjukvårdsteam innebär att arbeta med hållbar utveckling genom att konsumtion av slutenvård minskar. / The proportion of older people is increasing in Sweden and the world, which means that the demand for care is increasing, but all care need not executed in hospitals. Efforts that can prevent avoidable outpatient care should be important to work on from a sustainability perspective, but also important to reduce the stress, confusion and deteriorating health status a hospital stay can cause for the older fragile patient. Mobile local health care teams executed from the local hospital are a relatively new form of care in Sweden. Mobile local health care teams were introduced in the Västra Götaland region about 10 years ago. Mobile local health care teams makes efforts for fragile patients with complex needs in their home.  The registered nurse’s expertise includes being able to independently be responsible for the care of patients, having the ability to see the entire patient's needs and working for patient's safety. The aim of this study is to illustrate the nurse's work with fragile older patients in mobile local health care teams. This study has been conducted as a qualitative method with an inductive approach and is based on interviews as a data collection method. We have interviewed nurses working on three different mobile local health care teams. The result has shown that the registered nurse in mobile local health care teams plays an important role as they carry out advanced care in the home through collaboration in teams and with other healthcare players. The registered nurse has a holistic perspective with the patient in focus, unnecessary hospitalizations and re-admission can be reduced. This study shows that fast follow-up in the home of fragile patients who are discharged from hospitals creates security and reduces re-admissions. In addition, proper care of fragile elderly patients is an organizational issue and care needs to be conducted by the right expertise. Registered nurse's work in mobile local health care teams means working with sustainable development by reducing the consumption of inpatient care.

MCur / Department of Advanced Nursing Science / See the attached abstract below

This paper considers the issue of social housing and possibilities of cooperation between organized civil society, the municipality, and private landlords regarding social housing in the 5th district of Prague. I focused on the potential hidden in the possible involvement of private landlords and non profit organizations in the system of social housing. In the qualitative research I dealt with the role individual actors play in social housing, as well as possible parallels with social entrepreneurship. I made eleven interviews and one focus group with representatives of the target group households. The paper includes also a description of foreign trends in social housing, and closely considers the German and Dutch cases. It brings forth an analysis of the housing situation in Prague 5, and a proposition of an innovative model of social housing in this particular district.