Problématique: En immunothérapie orale (ITO), le manque de variété et l’aversion envers les doses d’allergènes peuvent compromettre l’adhérence au traitement, toutefois essentielle pour maintenir la désensibilisation. Le but de l’étude était de développer et de valider une nouvelle intervention nutritionnelle pour l’utilisation d’options d’équivalences à domicile. Méthodes: L’intervention a été développée selon les besoins de familles déjà en ITO, exprimés lors d’entrevues préliminaires. De nouveaux patients débutant l’ITO ont ensuite été invités dans un essai contrôlé randomisé pour évaluer l’impact de l’intervention. Les participants (n = 30) ont été randomisés en 3 groupes : A) Consultation nutritionnelle avec outils d’options d’équivalences (intervention complète); B) Consultation nutritionnelle sans les outils (intervention partielle) et C) Groupe contrôle avec l’intervention complète retardée de 4 semaines. La compétence des parents pour le calcul de doses d’équivalences était suivie de façon longitudinale par une série d’exercices pratiques. Résultats: Les résultats aux exercices étaient en moyenne supérieurs avec l’intervention complète (93,3% ± 3,1), comparés au groupe contrôle sans intervention (1,7% ± 1,7, p<0,001). La compétence était maintenue 12 semaines plus tard (résultats de 88,9% ± 4,7). Sans les outils, l'acquisition initiale (résultats de 46,7% ± 7,3) et la rétention après 4 semaines (résultats de 26,7% ± 5,1) étaient inférieures, mais augmentaient après l’ajout des outils (résultats de 83,3% ± 7,5). La satisfaction et la diversité des doses ont également augmenté avec l’intervention complète. Conclusion: Cette étude démontre l'efficacité d'un programme d'intervention nutritionnelle pour accompagner la gestion des doses d'allergènes à domicile. L'utilisation de documents écrits est essentielle pour en obtenir tout le bénéfice. / Background: During oral immunotherapy (OIT), lack of palatability or diversity in daily allergen doses can compromise treatment adherence, which is essential to maintain benefit. The aim of the study was to develop and validate a nutritional intervention program on the use of whole food alternatives for allergen daily dosing during OIT. Methods: The program was initially developed based on preliminary interviews with families already on OIT. Patients beginning OIT were then invited to participate to an open-label randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of the intervention. Participants (n=30) were randomized into 3 arms when they transferred to whole foods: A) Dietitian counselling with supporting documents (full intervention); B) Dietitian counselling without document; C) Control group where full intervention was delayed by 4 weeks. Parent competency was followed longitudinally using a series of practical food dose calculation exercises. Results: Results of exercises at week 4 were in average higher in the full intervention group (93.3% ± 3.1) compared to reference group without intervention (1.7% ± 1.7, p<0.0001). Competency was maintained 12 weeks after intervention (results of 88.9% ±4.7). Without written documents, the initial acquisition (results of 46.7% ±7.3) and retention of competency at 4 weeks (results of 26.7% ±5.1) were lower, but competency was rescued by adding written documents (results of 83.3% ±7.5). Patient satisfaction and food diversity also increased with full intervention. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the efficacy of a nutritional intervention program to help patients and their parents manage their OIT allergen doses. The use of written documents is essential to achieve the full benefit.

Title: Establishment of a Non-Profit Organization Providing Sports Activities with Focus on Law and Organizational Structure Targets: The target of the work is to create a guide describing how to proceed with establishment of a non-profit organization providing sport activities from the legal point of view. Another target of the work is a creation or determination of an organizational structure for sport oriented non-profit organization with a membership of up to 100 members. Methods of research: The following methods were used to create a business plan: literature research, document analysis, semi-structured interview with an attorney-at- law relating to issues of establishment of a non-profit organization, semi-structured interview with a bookkeeper of AK Zlín relating to non-profit organization financing and tax issues. Results: The result of the work is a guide describing particular steps of a process relating to establishment of a non-profit organization. The guide includes necessary documentation for establishment of a sport club as a registered association. Within the work particular financial and other sources are listed with which the non-profit organization might dispose including subsidy programmes eligible for sport clubs with a legal form of a registered association. Further, the work...

This diploma thesis examines the development of the number of short-term foster parents in the years 2006-2019. The theoretical part describes the system of substitute family care and institutional care in the Czech Republic and closely introduces the short-term foster care. The research part of this work examines the view of short-time foster carers on the conditions of short-time foster care. In this part the goal is to find out the experiences, attitudes, wishes and needs of short-time foster carers. The used method is questionnaire survey and semi- structured interviews. The aim of this work is to examine what factors affect the number of short-time foster carers and to find out what short-time foster carers need to perform their profession. Keywords short term foster care, social and legal protection of children, accompanying worker, areas of support, registered person

7 ABSTRACT This thesis focuses on a textual analysis of articles in the field of sexology, which were published in the Czech Republic after 1989. It will examine through both quantitative and qualitative methods, how authors of sexological articles defined the term homosexuality and worked with it, as well as explore their varying approaches to the topic depending on context. The thesis will ask whether the sexological discourse about homosexuality has changed after the fall of the communist regime, and if it has, in what ways. Keywords: AIDS/HIV, biologization, coming out, discourse, essentialization, gay, gender, heteronormativity, homosexuality, lesbian, medicalization, registered partnership, sexualization, sexology, stereotype, stigmatization, taboo, victimization

(in English): This diploma thesis deals with the issue of alternative dispute resolution, mediation in non- criminal matters. The mediation is estabilished in the Act on Mediation and amending certain other acts (the Act on Mediation) No. 202/2012 Coll. in the Legal Order of the Czech Republic, that is the main the aspect in this thesis. This actual topic, (the issue is that it is relatively a new law, which came into effect in September 2012), deals with the personality and educational attainment of registered mediators, particulary prerequisite for the performance of the profession of a registered mediator due to the mentioned law and it examines and compares effeciency in the mediators' exams in the Czech Bar Association and the Ministry of Justice of the Czech Republic according to the Ordinance No. 277/2012 Coll., about the trials and rewards of mediator. The main goal of this diploma thesis is to find out by means of quantitative research if there is a difference between registered mediators with different previous university education and how it shows in mediation process. The teoretical part of the diploma thesis is devoted to description of the mediation as an alternative dispute resolution, defining the role and duties of mediators and the system of education of mediators.

Die seit 2004 in Deutschland bekannt gewordenen Fälle der illegalen Rückführung und irrtümlichen Fehlverbringung von gemäß der Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1774/2002 nicht für den Genuss durch den Menschen bestimmten tierischen Nebenprodukten (TNP) der Kategorie 3 in die Lebensmittelkette haben zu der politischen Diskussion beigetragen, ob die Pflicht der Materialidentifizierbarkeit durch das Getrennthalten TNP am Ort des Anfalls sowie die ausschließliche Kennzeichnung ihrer Transportbehälter bei der Beförderung einen ausreichenden Schutz der Verbraucher garantieren können. Um eine ordnungsgemäße Verwendung TNP der Kategorie 3 sicherzustellen, hat der Bundesrat ihre unmittelbare und eindeutige Kennzeichnung, z.B. durch Farbstoffe, gefordert. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, einen geeigneten, futtermittelrechtlich zugelassenen Marker für Schlachtnebenprodukte der Kategorie 3 zu erörtern, der eine technisch praktikable, vom Ort des Anfalls bis zum Verarbeitungsbetrieb optisch eindeutige, dauerhafte und nach der Verarbeitung nachweisbare sowie umwelt- und wirtschaftsverträgliche Markierung von Schlachtnebenprodukten zur sicheren Verfolgbarkeit ihrer bestimmungsgemäßen Verwendung als TNP der Kategorie 3 ermöglicht, um ihren Eintrag in die Lebensmittelkette zu unterbinden, ohne die Neutralität der Endprodukte bei der Verwendung markierter TNP als Rohstoffe für Futtermittel zu beeinträchtigen. Für die Markierung von Schlachtnebenprodukten mittels Sprühsystemen wurden für Futtermittel zugelassene, färbende Zusatzstoffe (Verordnung (EG) Nr. 1831/2003) sowie in der medizinischen Diagnostik etablierte Fluoreszenz-Farbstoffe ausgewählt und hinsichtlich der Eindeutigkeit ihrer Markierung, ihrer Farbhaltung nach Bearbeitung sowie ihrer optischen Neutralität in Lebens- und Futtermitteln, die aus markierten TNP hergestellt worden sind, von fünf ungeschulten Prüfpersonen im Rahmen einer einfach beschreibenden, sensorischen und unabhängigen Prüfung gemäß §35 LMBG (L 00.90-6, ASU) beurteilt. Die Ergebnisse der sensorischen Prüfung wurden mit den RGB-Farbprofilen der markierten und nicht markierten TNP vergleichend analysiert. Zum Nachweis des irrtümlichen oder vorsätzlichen Eintrags von mit den ausgewählten Markerfarbstoffen markierten TNP in Lebensmitteln konnten die Analyseverfahren Dünnschichtchromatographie (DC), optische Emissionsspektrometrie mit induktiv gekoppeltem Hochfrequenzplasma (ICP-OES), Photometrie sowie die Fluoreszenzspektrometrie hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendbarkeit untersucht werden. Die Untersuchung der sensorischen Neutralität der Markerfarbstoffe im Endprodukt Futtermittel erfolgte unter anderem durch einen Futtermittelpräferenzversuch an neun Hunden der Rasse Beagle. Brillantsäuregrün E142 (1,3 mg E142/kg TNP) konnte auf Grund der Eindeutigkeit der Markierung von Schlachtnebenprodukten durch die gegenüber den nativen TNP signifikant unterschiedlichen Rot-Farbintensitäten bei gleichzeitiger Neutralität in den Endprodukten (Lebens- oder Futtermittel) und einer guten bis sehr guten Farbhaltung nach dem Waschen der Nebenprodukte, der Kühl- (8°C über zwei Tage) sowie Gefrierlagerung (-25°C über 14 Tage) und dem Verwenden einer 14, 90 als auch 150 Tage gelagerten Farbstofflösung in Kombination mit dem chemisch nachweisbaren Titandioxid (90 mg E171/ kg TNP) als Markerfarbstofflösung zur eindeutigen Markierung von Nebenprodukten der Schlachtung am Ort ihres Anfalls selektiert werden. Die für die Markierung bestimmten Dosierungen der Markerfarbstoffe gelten für Tiere und Menschen als unbedenklich. Die mit den färbenden Zusatzstoffen E142 und E171 markierten Nebenprodukte der Schlachtung können mittels DC (Nachweisgrenze: ≥7,5 µg E142/kg Probe) beziehungsweise ICP-OES und Photometrie (Nachweisgrenze ICP-OES: 8,3 mg E171/kg Probe) ab einem eingebrachten Anteil von 0,55% (DC: E142) beziehungsweise 9% (ICP-OES: E171) in diversen Produkten (Lebens- oder Futtermittel) nachgewiesen werden. In den chemisch und thermisch extrahierten Fetten aus markierten, fettreichen TNP waren die Farbstoffe E142 und E171 jedoch nicht nachweisbar. Eine Fluoreszenzmarkierung TNP kann hingegen nicht präferiert werden, da nicht markierte Nebenprodukte der Schlachtung eine sichtbare und fluoreszenzspektrometrisch nachweisbare Autofluoreszenz aufweisen und in den thermisch verarbeiteten Produkten keine für die Fluoreszenz-farbstoffe charakteristischen Absorptions- und Emissionsspektren nachweisbar waren. Die Markierung mittels Sprühtechnik erscheint unter den Aspekten Substanzverlust und adaptierter Markerfarbstoff pro Kilogramm TNP praktikabel. Die im Labor bestimmte Markierungszeit für TNP (5 sec./kg) ist unter Einbeziehung der Durchsatzraten am Schlachthof als zu lang zu bewerten. Durch die rückstandsfreie Entfernung der Farbstoffe von Edelstahl- und glatten Kunststoffflächen sowie glasierten Fliesen ergeben sich keine Nachteile der Markierung TNP für die Produktion von Futtermitteln und technischen Erzeugnissen. Die in dem Präferenzversuch untersuchten Futtermittel für Hunde aus markierten TNP zeigten keine Abweichungen von der handelsüblichen sensorischen Produktqualität und hinsichtlich ihrer Haltbarkeit durch Sterilisation (F0-Wert). Mit E142 und E171 markierte TNP (Kat. 3) eignen sich somit als Rohstoffe zur Herstellung von Heimtierfuttermitteln. Bei Anwendung einer Kombinationsfarbstofflösung (E142 und E171) würden die für die Marker anfallenden Kosten pro Tonne TNP bis zu 33 Euro betragen. Bei der ausschließlichen Verwendung von E142, welches der optisch eindeutig markierende Farbstoff ist und das eine hohe Sensitivität im dünnschichtchromatographischen Nachweis zeigt, würden die Kosten 1,70 bis 3,40 Euro/t betragen. Bisher konnte kein EU-einheitlicher Rechtsrahmen zur Markierung TNP der Kategorie 3 gestaltet werden. Die politische Diskussion wird aber vor allem national fortgesetzt. / Since 2004 several illegal or aberrant transfers of animal by-products (ABP) from category 3 (according to Regulation (EC) No. 1774/2002: not intended for food production) back into food chain, have led to the political discussion, whether duty of material identifiability by separate storing of ABP on site and sole labeling of containers during transport are sufficient to protect consumers from ABP not intended for human consumption. To guarantee adequate utilisation of ABP from category 3, the German Federal Council claimed for an immediate and conclusive marking of ABP by dyeing or similar solutions. This study was implemented to define a convenient, registered feed additive for dyeing of slaughter by-products from category 3, which realize a feasible, from extraction to processing visually conclusive, long-lasting, traceable as well as sustainable and cost-effective marking on site to ensure traceability of intended utilisation as ABP from category 3 and to prevent their influx into food chain, without an impairment of the neutrality of products (e.g. pet food) made from marked ABP. For marking of slaughter by-products by air spraying device, registered colouring feed additives (Regulation (EC) No. 1831/2003) as well as diagnostically established fluorescence pigments were selected and investigated regarding their marking unambiguousness, colour retention after processing and visual neutrality in food and feed made from marked ABP by evaluation of five untrained judging persons in the course of a simply delineative, sensorial and impartial test (official list of analysis methods, ASU §35 LMBG, L 00.90-6), and by comparative RGB-colour measurement of images scanned from stained ABP samples. Detection of aberrant or deliberate discharge of marked ABP into food production was evaluated by investigation of thin layer chromatography (TLC), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), photometry and fluorescence spectrometry. Neutrality of marking feed additives in feedstuff was determined by a feeding preference test with nine dogs of the Beagle breed using pet food made from unmarked und marked ABP. Lissamine Green E142 (1,3 mg E142 per kg ABP) was selected as marker dye for slaughter by-products on site based on its unambiguousness of marking due to the significant different red-colour intensity compared to the non-marked ABP as well as the simultaneous neutrality of the colouring additive E142 in the final products feed and food. Colour retention of E142 marking was conclusive with regard to handling by washing, cold (8°C for two days) respectively fridge storage (-25°C for 14 days) and utilisation of a 14-, 90- and 150-days-stored marker solution. For marking, Lissamine Green was combined with the chemical detectable and registered food colour titanium dioxide (E171: 90 mg/kg ABP). The marker additives are classified as safe for humans and animals within the preferred concentrations for colouring ABP. With E142 und E171 marked ABP were traceable in food and feed using detection methods TLC (limit of detection: ≥7,5 µg E142 per kg sample), photometry and ICP-OES (limit of detection: ≥8,3 mg E171 per kg sample) at a proportion of 0,55% (TLC: E142) respectively 9% (ICP-OES: E171), whereas the named markers were not detectable in chemical and thermal extracted fats produced from marked high-fat ABP. Based on the visible and fluorescence spectrometric detectable autofluorescence of animal tissues as well as the uncharacteristic emission and absorption spectra of fluorescence pigments in processed ABP, fluorescence markers are not preferential for marking of slaughter by-products from category 3. Marking of slaughter by-products by air spraying device appeared practicable in due consideration of marker depletion and tissue-adapted marker per kg ABP. Current time of marking under laboratory conditions (5 sec. per kg ABP) must be graded as too long, regarding high transfer rates in slaughterhouses. Concerning the residue-free cleaning of stainless steel and even plastic surfaces from the marker solution, the utilisation of marked ABP for manufacturing of feed and technical products is unproblematic. Investigated pet food samples produced from marked ABP were from comparable commercial sensory product quality and showed no deviation of normal storability due to sterilisation. In conclusion, with E142 and E171 visible marked ABP from category 3 are suitable as crude materials for pet food production. The application of the combined marker solution (E142 and E171) have to be evaluated as comparative expensive (33 Euro per ton ABP), while the exclusive application of E142 as the optic conclusive and sensitive detectable marker for ABP is associated with sustainable costs from 1,70 to 3,40 Euro per ton ABP. To date, an EU-common regulatory framework for marking of ABP from category 3 could not be specified. Nevertheless the political discussion is still continued, especially in Germany.

No description available.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects women’s menstrual cycles and their levels of androgens (male hormones) and cysts on the ovaries. There is a variety of symptoms that come with this endocrine disorder, but insulin resistance is a hallmark symptom of the disorder. It’s shown that 65-70% of women with PCOS have insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, this is in women that are overweight, obese, or lean (Marshall & Dunaif, 2012). A lot of women with PCOS find themselves struggling to lose weight because their excess weight is tied to lifestyle and not properly nourishing their bodies, as well as their imbalanced hormones. The understanding of PCOS being a metabolic disorder led to the investigation of the need for registered dietitian nutritionists on the health team of women with PCOS could change the quality of life in women. We developed a survey based on the literature available on the topic of PCOS, diet/nutrition interventions, and the role of RDNs in the healthcare team of PCOS women of childbearing age. Only childbearing-age women (18-44) that have been diagnosed with PCOS were allowed to complete the survey. The survey was comprised of three sections and was designed to be a needs assessment on the need for registered dietitian-nutritionists to be included in the healthcare team of PCOS women. The questions were designed also show any gaps of knowledge or misconceptions about nutrition that these women may have. Lastly, it was designed to examine if women understand how nutrition relates to the management of their symptoms of PCOS and future disease risks. The data from this survey will show the need for RDNs in the healthcare team of PCOS women, and give us an understanding of nutrition education and intervention that could be developed for future studies. This understanding of how RDNs could play a role in symptom management could lead to a better quality of life in PCOS women.

No description available.

Background: The registered nurses specific area of competence is nursing care, which must be performed in a trusting relationship with the patient. Within perioperative care nurse anaesthetists, registered nurses and assistant nurses work with varied specific tasks to provide patient good care, before, during and after surgery. Sometimes they care for patients with advanced abdominal cancer, whose surgery is crucial for the prognosis of their illness. This means they care for patients directly before and directly after they receive their updated prognosis. Sometimes this surgery for advanced abdominal cancer is considered inoperable shortly after start of surgery, abdominal cancer is often detected at a late stage due to diffuse symptoms. The survival rate after surgery is often short, and palliative care is therefore often initiated. Aim: To describe nurse anaesthetists, registered nurses and assistant nurses experiences when caring for patients directly after surgery whose abdominal cancer was deemed inoperable. Method: Explorative qualitative studied design. Data collection, focus group discussions with nurse anaesthetists, registered nurses and assistant nurses. Analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The result is described with three overarching themes. Feeling of inadequacy whitch described the feeling of not wanting to lie, of identifying with patients of the same age, insufficient information and that body language can inadvertently transmit information. Creating strategies describes the difficulty in answering questions and the need for recovery. A feeling of increased security is about the opportunity to prepare and feeling that the conversation with the patient is facilitated. The three themes are based on eight underlying categories. Discussion: No previous research could be found, whitch may indicate that the research question of the study is unique. The use of focus groups as a method was experienced positively, but the prevailing pandemic has affected the possibility of including participants. The experiences of nurse anaesthetists, registered nurses, assistant nurses was shown to be similar, probably unintentially provide to the fact that all participants worked with perioperative care. Conclusion: Nurse anaesthetists, registered nurses and assistant nurses considered it challenging to care for patients with inoperable abdominal cancer. The main challenge was to care for the patients of same age and to respond to patients questions without inadvertently conveying information with body language. / Bakgrund: Den legitimerade sjuksköterskans specifika kompetensområde är omvårdnad, vilken skall utföras i en förtroendefull relation till patienter. Inom perioperativ vård arbetar anestesisjuksköterskor, legitimerade sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor med olika specifika arbetsuppgifter för att ge patienter god omvårdnad inför, under och efter operation. Ibland vårdas patienter med avancerad bukcancer, vars operation är avgörande för sjukdomens prognos, vilket innebär att de vårdar patienter både direkt innan beskedet om prognos och direkt efter. Det händer att patienter som skall opereras för avancerad bukcancer, ibland bedöms inoperabla en kort tid efter att operationen påbörjats. Bukcancer upptäcks ofta i sent skede på grund av diffusa symtom. Överlevnaden efter operation bedöms i dessa fall kort, vilket betyder att palliativ vård ofta behöver initieras. Syfte: Att beskriva anestesisjuksköterskors, legitimerade sjuksköterskors och undersköterskors upplevelser av att vårda patienter direkt postopertivt vars operation avbrutits pga. inoperabel bukcancer. Metod: Explorativ kvalitativ studiedesign. Datainsamling, fokusgruppsdiskussioner med anestesisjuksköterskor, legitimerade sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor. Analys enligt kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Resultatet beskrivs utifrån tre övergripande tema, Känsla av otillräcklighet, som handlar om att inte vilja ljuga, att jämnåriga patienter berör, om otillräcklig information och att kroppsspråket oavsiktligt kan överföra information. Skapa strategier beskriver svårigheten att bemöta frågor och behov av återhämtning och Känsla av ökad trygghet handlar om möjlighet att förbereda sig och en känsla av att samtalet med patienter underlättas. De tre tema baseras på åtta underliggande kategorier. Diskussion: Ingen tidigare forskning kunde hittas, vilket kan betyda att föreliggande studies forskningsfråga är unik.Fokusgruppsdiskussion som metod upplevdes positivt, men rådande pandemi anses ha påverkat möjligheten att inkludera ytterligare deltagare. Upplevelserna hos anestesisjuksköterskor, legitimerade sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor visade sig vara liknande, troligtvis relaterat till att samtliga deltagare arbetade med perioperativ vård. Slutsats: Anestesisjuksköterskor, legitimerade sjuksköterskor och undersköterskor upplevde att det var en utmaning att vårda patienter med inoperabel bukcancer. Utmaningen bestod främst i att vårda jämnåriga patienter och att bemöta frågor utan att med kroppspråket oavsiktligt förmedla information.