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The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised (NEO PI-R) could account for significant variance within a measure of personality developed for the intellectually disabled (i.e., the Reiss Profile of Fundamental Motives), as well as to consider their comparative validity. The NEO PI-R and the Reiss Profile of Fundamental Motives were administered to 127 undergraduate students in conjunction with the Personality Research Form (PRF) and the Behavior Report Form (BRF). The NEO PI-R was able to account for a substantial amount of variance in the Reiss Profile scales, and the Reiss and the NEO accounted for approximately equivalent amounts of variance in the PRF and BRF. Implications for general personality research as well as additional research with a sample of adults with intellectual disability are discussed.

Zugl.: Graz, Univ., Diss.

La thèse comporte deux parties distinctes. La première partie concerne des modèles pour les extrêmes multivariés.On donne une construction de vecteurs aléatoires multivariés à variations régulières. La construction se base sur une extension multivariée d'un lemme de Breiman établissant la propriété de variation régulière d'un produit $RZ$ de variable aléatoire avec $R$ positive à variation régulière et $Z$ positive suffisamment intégrable. En prenant $mathbf{Z}$ multivarié et suffisamment intégrable, on montre que $Rmathbf{Z}$ est un vecteur aléatoire à variations régulières et on caractérise sa mesure limite. On montre ensuite que pour $mathbf{Z}$ de loi bien choisie, on retrouve des modèles stables classiques comme le modèle t-extremal, Hüsler-Reiss, etc. Puis, on étend notre construction pour considérer la notion de variation régulière multivariée non standard. On montre ensuite que le modèle de Pareto (qu'on appelle Hüsler-Reiss Pareto) associé au modèle max-stable Hüsler-Reiss forme une famille exponentielle complète. On donne quelques propriétés du modèle Hüsler-Reiss Pareto puis on propose un algorithme de simulation exacte. On étudie l'inférence par le maximum de vraisemblance. Finalement, on considère une extension du modèle Hüsler-Reiss Pareto utilisant la notion de variation régulière non standard. On étudie l'inférence par le maximum de vraisemblance du modèle généralisé et on propose une méthode d'estimation des paramètres. On donne une étude numérique sur l'estimateur du maximum de vraisemblance pour le modèle Hüsler-Reiss Pareto. Dans la second partie qui concerne l'apprentissage statistique, on commence par donner une borne sur la valeur singulière minimale d'une matrice perturbée par l'ajout d'une colonne. On propose alors un algorithme de sélection de colonne afin d'extraire les caractéristiques de la matrice. On illustre notre algorithme sur des données réelles de séries temporelles où chaque série est pris comme étant une colonne de la matrice. Deuxièmement, on montre que si une matrice $X$ à une propriété d'incohérence alors $X$ possède aussi une version affaiblie de la propriété NSP (null space property). Puis, on s'intéresse au problème de sélection de matrice incohérente. A partir d'une matrice $Xin mathbb{R}^{n imes p}$ et $mu>0$, on cherche la plus grande sous-matrice de $X$ avec une cohérence inférieure à $mu$. Ce problème est formulé comme un programme linéaire avec contrainte quadratique sur ${0,1}^p$. Comme ce problème est NP-dur, on considère une relaxation sur la sphère et on obtient une borne sur l'erreur lorsqu'on considère le problème relaxé. Enfin, on analyse l'algorithme de gradient stochastique projeté pour l'analyse en composante principale online. On montre qu'en espérance, l'algorithme converge vers un vecteur propre maximum et on propose un algorithme pour sélectionner le pas de l'algorithme. On illustre ensuite cet algorithme par une expérience de simulation. / This thesis in divided in two parts. The first part studies models for multivariate extremes. We give a method to construct multivariate regularly varying random vectors. The method is based on a multivariate extension of a Breiman Lemma that states that a product $RZ$ of a random non negative regularly varying variable $R$ and a non negative $Z$ sufficiently integrable is also regularly varying. Replacing $Z$ with a random vector $mathbf{Z}$, we show that the product $Rmathbf{Z}$ is regularly varying and we give a characterisation of its limit measure. Then, we show that taking specific distributions for $mathbf{Z}$, we obtain classical max-stable models. We extend our result to non-standard regular variations. Next, we show that the Pareto model associated with the Hüsler-Reiss max-stable model forms a full exponential family. We show some properties of this model and we give an algorithm for exact simulation. We study the properties of the maximum likelihood estimator. Then, we extend our model to non-standard regular variations. To finish the first part, we propose a numerical study of the Hüsler-Reiss Pareto model.In the second part, we start by giving a lower bound of the smallest singular value of a matrix perturbed by appending a column. Then, we give a greedy algorithm for feature selection and we illustrate this algorithm on a time series dataset. Secondly, we show that an incoherent matrix satisfies a weakened version of the NSP property. Thirdly, we study the problem of column selection of $Xinmathbb{R}^{n imes p}$ given a coherence threshold $mu$. This means we want the largest submatrix satisfying some coherence property. We formulate the problem as a linear program with quadratic constraint on ${0,1}^p$. Then, we consider a relaxation on the sphere and we bound the relaxation error. Finally, we study the projected stochastic gradient descent for online PCA. We show that in expectation, the algorithm converges to a leading eigenvector and we suggest an algorithm for step-size selection. We illustrate this algorithm with a numerical experiment.

Denna uppsats består av en översättning från svenska till ryska av ett utdrag ur Ulf Danielssons bok Mörkret vid tidens ände och en kommentar, där de översättningsstrategier som tillämpats samt deras teoretiska utgångspunkter analyseras. Den översättningsteoretiska ramen för uppsatsen utgörs av Katharina Reiss’ texttypteori, men även de översättningsteorier som fokuserar på hur översättaren kan undvika en stilistisk utarmning vid översättning av expressiva texter beaktas, nämligen Antoine Berman negativa analys och Jiří Levýs undersökning av översättningstendenser. Översättningsanalysen visade att de vanligast förekommande strategierna vid översättningen av källtextens informativa sakinnehåll var explicitering och syntaktiska modifikationer, medan fokus vid arbetet med bildspråket låg på att bevara källtextens känsloladdning och estetiska verkningskraft eller på att kompensera för eventuella förluster. Även den översättningsproblematik som skapades av källtextens intertextualitet tas upp, och de lösningar som möjliggör att bevara både de informativa och estetiska funktioner som de intertextuella inslagen har i texten diskuteras. / This study consists of the translation of an excerpt from Ulf Danielsson’s book Mörkret vid tidens ände (Darkness at the end of time, my own translation) from Swedish to Russian, as well as a commentary, which provides analysis of applied translation strategies and their theoretical background. The theoretical framework of this study is comprised of Katharina Reiss’ theory of text types, along with the translation theories conceptualising the ways to avoid stylistic impoverishment of the translated expressive texts, namely Antoine Berman’s negative analytics and Jiří Levýs study of common translation tendencies. The translation analysis shows that the translation strategies most commonly used while working with the informative content of the source text, were explicitation and syntactic modifications. In the process of working with figurative language, the focus was either on transferring the emotional connotations and aesthetic character of the source text or on compensation for eventual losses. Moreover, the issue of intertextuality is discussed and analysis is provided of those solutions that allowed preservation of both informative and aesthetic functions, fulfilled by intertextual elements in the source text.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The present work describes the study of the secondary metabolites of two species that belong to the Rhamnaceae family: Condalia buxifolia and Scutia buxifolia, and the study of the ratio structure/activity of seven cyclopeptidcs alkaloids and one neutral cyclopeptidc: scutianine-B (24), scutianine-C (14), scutianine-D (15), scutianine-E (16), scutianine-F (18), scutianine-M (37), condaline-A (22) and scutianene-D (38). In the bark of the bole of Condalia buxifolia three metabolites were isolated: lupeol (34), taraxerol (35) and β-sitosterol (33). In the bark of the roots was isolated the cyclopeptidc alkaloid condaline-A (22). In the bark of the roots of Scutia buxifolia the metabolites ursolic acid (36) and β-sitosterol (33) were isolated, whereas the cyclopeptidcs alkaloids scutianine-B (24), scutianine-C (14) and scutianine-D (15) were only identified in this part of the plant by comparison with authentic samples. Additionally, the antimicrobial activity of the portions and the isolated metabolites of Condalia buxifolia and Scutia buxifolia were analyzed by Bioautography test, utilizing different microorganisms: two gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (Se)), three gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp), Salmonella setúbal (Ss) and Escherichia coli (Ec)) and two fungus (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) and Candida albicans (Ca)). In this analysis it was observed that the stereochemistry of the amino acids that compose the alkaloids structure and the presence of the basic group of these structures are important to this sort of activity. / O presente trabalho descreve o estudo dos metabólitos secundários de duas espécies pertencentes à família Rhamnaceae: Condalia buxifolia e Scutia buxifolia, e ainda um estudo da relação estrutura/atividade de sete alcalóides ciclopeptídicos e um ciclopeptídeo neutro: scutianina-B (24), scutianina-C (14), scutianina-D (15), scutianina-E (16), scutianina-F (18), scutianina-M (37), condalina-A (22) e scutianeno-D (38). Da casca do caule de Condalia buxifolia foram isolados três metabólitos: lupeol (34), taraxerol (35) e β-sitosterol (33). Da casca da raiz foi isolado o alcalóide ciclopeptídico condalina-A (22). Da casca da raiz de Scutia buxifolia foram isolados os metabólitos ácido ursólico (36) e β-sitosterol (33), enquanto que os ciclopeptídicos scutianina-B (24), scutianina-C (14) e scutianina-D (15) foram apenas identificados nesta parte da planta através de comparação com amostras autênticas. Adicionalmente, foram analisadas atividades antimicrobianas das frações e dos metabólitos isolados de Condalia buxifolia e Scutia buxifolia, através da técnica de bioautografia utilizando-se diferentes microrganismos: duas bactérias Gram positivas (Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) e Staphylococcus epidermidis (Se)), três bactérias Gram negativas (Klebsiella pneumonia (Kp), Salmonella setubal (Ss) e Escherichia coli (Ec)) e dois fungos (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) e Candida albicans (Ca)). Observou-se, nesta análise, que tanto a estereoquímica dos aminoácidos que constituem a estrutura dos alcalóides, bem como a presença do grupo básico destas estruturas, são importantes para este tipo de atividade.

The central theme of the thesis is an in-depth translation criticism of the Austrian novel Die Liebhaberinnen by Elfriede Jelinek in the translation of Jitka Jílková. The criticism is based on the theoretical model of Katharina Reiss which is explored in her work Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Übersetzungskritik. This model is expanded by the role of the editor and translationese style. At the end of the thesis Jitka Jílková is briefly presented, the translation analysis is summarised and evaluated with regard to an interview with the translator about her work.

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