In the pulp- and paper industry the human dimension indesign of information systems has been underestimated andoverlooked. Research indicates that there is a gap concerninguser involvement in the maintenance phase. Therefore, thepurpose of the study is to investigate how user involvementin the maintenance phase affects the user satisfaction, withinthe pulp and paper industry. The study has a deductiveapproach with a qualitative method. A relations model wasdesigned based on the theoretic framework, the modelshows five important factors in user involvement that affectsuser satisfaction; the users opportunity to be involved, the usersinfluence, communication between user and developer, the usersattitude towards the system and organization and managementculture. We interviewed 8 users of the system PaperLine, intwo different work groups and factories. The analysisshowed that the central factor was communication betweenuser and IT-staff, since this was relevant for all the areas of thestudy. The organization and management culture need toactively encourage involvement in the system developmentwork to give the user the opportunity to get involved, this willthen increase the users influence which in turn will lead to theusers positive attitude towards the system. The findingsresulted in a new model called K-OLMII, which shows theeffect user involvement has on user satisfaction in themaintenance phase, through identified factors for the successof user involvement. / Inom massa- och pappersindustrin har den mänskligadimensionen vid design av informationssystem underskattasoch förbisetts. Forskningen indikerar även att det finns ettglapp gällande användarinvolvering i förvaltningsfasen.Därför är studiens syfte att undersöka huranvändarinvolvering i förvaltningsfasen av ett system påverkar användartillfredsställelsen inom massa- ochpappersindustrin. Studien har en deduktiv ansats medkvalitativ metod. Baserat på det teoretiska ramverketutformades en sambandsmodell som visar fem viktigafaktorer inom användarinvolvering, som påverkaranvändartillfredsställelsen; användarens möjlighet attinvolveras, användarens inflytande, kommunikation mellananvändare och utvecklare, användarens inställning till systemetoch organisations- och ledningskultur. Vi har intervjuat 8användare av systemet PaperLine, inom två olikayrkeskategorier och fabriker. Analysen visade att dencentrala faktorn var kommunikation med IT-personal, då dettavar relevant inom samtliga områden av studien.Organisations- och ledningskulturen måste aktivt uppmuntrainvolvering i systemutvecklingsarbetet för att användarenska få en möjlighet att involveras, detta ökar i sin turanvändarens inflytande vilket leder till att användaren får enpositiv inställning till systemet. Fynden resulterade i en nymodell kallad K-OLMII, som visar användarinvolveringenseffekt på användartillfredsställelsen i förvaltningsfasen, viaidentifierade framgångsfaktorer för användarinvolvering.

Kwan, John, Kenny, Bond, and Robins conceptualize self-enhancement as a favorable comparison of self-judgments with judgments of and by others. Applying a modified version of Kwan et al.’s approach to behavior observation data, we show that the resulting measure of self-enhancement bias is highly reliable, predicts self-ratings of intelligence as well as does actual intelligence, interacts with item desirability in predicting responses to questionnaire items, and also predicts general life satisfaction. Consistent with previous research, however, self-ratings of intelligence did not become more valid when controlling for self-enhancement bias. We also show that common personality scales like the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale reflect self-enhancement at least as strongly as do scales that were designed particularly for that purpose (i.e., “social desirability scales”). The relevance of these findings in regard to the validity and utility of social desirability scales is discussed.

The different reactions of parents to the discovery that their children had ADD/ADHD has an effect on the primary relationship established between mother and child. This is essential in the later involvement, experience and meaning attribution of the child with respect to all subsequent relationship formation on the child's journey towards his ultimate target, namely self-actualisation. It was felt that psychological intervention could help parents to bond, communicate with and relate to their children without experiencing negative feelings which would enhance parental acceptance. In this study, ten mothers were used to participate in an adapted group Filial Therapy programme. This unique therapy involves parents as the primary agents to resolve child-related problems and to encourage children's healthy psycho-social development. Results were positive. The mothers felt that they had formed better relationship with their children. They were empowered with knowledge and coping mechanisms, such as reflective listening, setting limits and providing choices. For the first time they were enjoying their ADD/ADHD children. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)

The different reactions of parents to the discovery that their children had ADD/ADHD has an effect on the primary relationship established between mother and child. This is essential in the later involvement, experience and meaning attribution of the child with respect to all subsequent relationship formation on the child's journey towards his ultimate target, namely self-actualisation. It was felt that psychological intervention could help parents to bond, communicate with and relate to their children without experiencing negative feelings which would enhance parental acceptance. In this study, ten mothers were used to participate in an adapted group Filial Therapy programme. This unique therapy involves parents as the primary agents to resolve child-related problems and to encourage children's healthy psycho-social development. Results were positive. The mothers felt that they had formed better relationship with their children. They were empowered with knowledge and coping mechanisms, such as reflective listening, setting limits and providing choices. For the first time they were enjoying their ADD/ADHD children. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)