Syftet med studien var att undersöka och lyfta fram elevers inställning och värderingar till religionsundervisning, livsåskådning och religion.   Studiedeltagarna bestod utav två klasser på en gymnasieskola i mellersta Sverige, där båda klasserna gick det estetiska programmet. Undersökningen var en enkätstudie som samlades in och analyserades.   Resultatet visade att elever på en gymnasieskola inte har en konkret uppfattning kring sin religiösa tillhörighet. Studien visade även att eleverna hade en oklar uppfattning och bild utav Gud. Deltagarna var osäkra på Guds existens men trodde samtidigt att det kunde finnas en högre makt. Studieresultatet visade att en majoritet av studiedeltagarna trodde på ett liv efter detta, så kallad reinkarnation. Resultatet visade även att deras religionsundervisning uppfattades som tråkig, där de ansåg att läraren ska lägga mer tyngd kring diskussion angående etiska problem och dilemman.

<p>The purpose of this essay is to examine and compare narrations by five witnesses, who has written about atrocities against Christians from 1915 to 1919 in what is today south-eastern Turkey, but what was then the Ottoman Empire. I have focused on how the roles of perpetrators, victims, spectators and protectors are featured in the witness narrations. Four questions were posed in the study: Who are portrayed as perpetrators, victims, bystanders and protectors in the various witness narrations? How are these roles expressed in the witness narrations? What differences can be found among the five selected witness narrations from Mardin and Urfa, 1915-1919? What are the explanations of the differences in the witness narrations? The method I have used has been an analysis in which I compare how the different narrations capture the events of 1915-1919. I have used three factors to look at the explanations why there may be differences in the witness narrations. The three factors are nationality, position, and religious affiliation. In the comparison and the results of the witness narrations, I have found that the three factors affect the way the authors write about the events and that these factors help to explain the differences in the witness narrations. These factors are a part of the authors’ respective worldviews. Also, local differences, power constellations, and political factors meant that witness narrations differed.</p>

The purpose of this essay is to examine and compare narrations by five witnesses, who has written about atrocities against Christians from 1915 to 1919 in what is today south-eastern Turkey, but what was then the Ottoman Empire. I have focused on how the roles of perpetrators, victims, spectators and protectors are featured in the witness narrations. Four questions were posed in the study: Who are portrayed as perpetrators, victims, bystanders and protectors in the various witness narrations? How are these roles expressed in the witness narrations? What differences can be found among the five selected witness narrations from Mardin and Urfa, 1915-1919? What are the explanations of the differences in the witness narrations? The method I have used has been an analysis in which I compare how the different narrations capture the events of 1915-1919. I have used three factors to look at the explanations why there may be differences in the witness narrations. The three factors are nationality, position, and religious affiliation. In the comparison and the results of the witness narrations, I have found that the three factors affect the way the authors write about the events and that these factors help to explain the differences in the witness narrations. These factors are a part of the authors’ respective worldviews. Also, local differences, power constellations, and political factors meant that witness narrations differed.

Det följande arbetet är en kunskapsöversikt som ämnats åt att utforska vad forskning säger om hur man kan hantera och motverka islamofobi i skolsituationer. Frågan som utforskas är didaktiskt relevant och utformad på följande sätt: ”Hur kan man som lärare, enligt forskning, motverka islamofobi i skolsituationer?” Innan forskningen kring det didaktiska utforskas ges en kort inblick i hur islamofobi utvecklats i västvärlden under 2000-talet. Västvärlden i det här arbetet är definierat som länder som historiskt har haft liknande värderingar och lagstiftning som Sverige. Det är viktigt att veta relevant historia kring den nuvarande vågen av islamofobi och xenofobi och att man som lärare har en viss koll på hur det har utvecklats, för att öka kunnigheten i ämnet. Metodmässigt har arbetet gjorts genom att söka igenom olika databaser för att hitta artiklar, och sexton särkilda verk har valts ut. Översikten visar att islamofobi har förvärrats och blivit mer förekommande samt att diskriminering mot muslimer blivit mer vanligt. Forskningen visar även att islamofobi genomsyrar hela befolkningen, och att ungdomar och barn också har islamofobiska eller främlingsfientliga tendenser. I översikten visar jag hur forskning ger förslag på olika sätt att motarbeta islam i skolsituationer. Forskning visar på att det bästa sättet att motverka islamofobi i skolsituationer är samarbete, öppenhet och att man som lärare är väl förberedd, förstående och kunnig om islam. Forskning visar även att det är bra att ge muslimer plattformar att dela med sig av sina egna erfarenheter och att det är bra att elever får ta del av dessa erfarenhet på direkt manér. Det utforskas även snabbt hur användandet av studiebesök kan vara fruktbart för elevernas syn på islam och muslimer. Denna översiktens egentliga intention är att ge lärare förslag och idéer på hur potentiella problematiska situationer kring islamofobi kan hanteras och motverkas.

The group known as “non-religious” have in recent time received attention in sociology of religion due to the need of presenting a more accurate and nuanced image of these individuals.  In the following study, young adults who ascribe themselves as religious to a low degree are investigated through quantitative analysis on previously collected survey material from the project Religion som resurs? (2008).  The study examines what reasons the respondents have stated for assigning themselves a religious affiliation, and to what degree they value the importance of religious tradition in their lives. Furthermore, the study includes a comparative analysis of two non-religious groups which were ethnic Swedes and Swedish born second-generation immigrants whose parents originate from outside of Scandinavia. The purpose of this comparison is to detect whether non-religiosity is expressed differently depending on ethnic background. Finally, the study also examines how the two groups differ in the degree of religious socialisation during their childhood years. Due to restrictions in method and material, this study can only show correlation or lack thereof in regard to the respondents’ answers, rather than explain what the causes behind the differences between the two non-religious groups are. The results were constructed through cross-tabulation of the two groups and six questions from the mentioned survey. In analysing the results, the theories used are socialisation theory as it is expressed by Berger &amp; Luckman, but more so theories developed by Day (2011) from her qualitative study. The analysis uses Days categorisation of nominalist identities, belief orientations and the term which she calls performative belonging. The results of this essay show that the majority of both groups did not grow up exposed to religious socialisation, however a larger share of the second-generation immigrants than the ethnic Swedes stated that they did. Furthermore, almost twice as many second-generation immigrants than ethnic Swedes ascribe themselves a religious affiliation to a high degree. As for why the respondents ascribe themselves a religious affiliation, the reasons, and the degree of which the respondents agree to these reasons, differ slightly between the two groups. The biggest differences which can be seen is that the second-generation immigrants ascribe themselves a religion based on their relationships with family. Finally, regarding the respondents’ opinions on tradition, the results show that they have varied opinions on the question of how important traditions are, but that religious tradition largely does not affect their life-view.