In the monthly event designed for students seeking to learn more about faith and religion in an inviting social environment, Father Bill Neenan discussed the different signs and symbols that exist all around us especially in regards to religion. He also discussed the religious meaning behind various symbols including the Angelus painting and the Boston College logo. / with Father William Neenan, S.J. / Hillside Cafe

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The purpose of this dissertation is to ascertain the epistemic status of religious symbols in Urban's thought. This involves the clarification and evaluation of the basic concepts in his religious epistemology--meaning, dialectic, truth, and verification--as they relate to his philosophy of language. The meaning of religious terms is intuitive connotation or indirect reference to intuitive universals, which is a genuine level of meaning created by the religious speech community in its attempt to express the axiological character of reality. That is, religious language is referential and cognitive in that it expresses true or false judgments of reality. Religious language is also expressive of the intuition of God in human experience. Thus, the religious statement "God is a Person" is conceived to be a judgment, the ontological intention of which is ultimate reality; but it is also a judgment rooted in religious experience. Thus, religious judgments are meaningful or cognitive because they are symbolically representative of deity. Religious myth, Urban believes, constitutes a special case of intuitive connotation, and fulfills the requirements of representation and creativity necessary for the meaningful expression of the religious referent [TRUNCATED] / 2031-01-01

Internal-external locus of control was studied in relationship to the religious phenomena "glossolalia." Contrary to the main hypothesis formulated, glossolalics were found significantly more internal in locus of control than non-tongues speakers. Intercorrelations were studied between the variables of I-E, age, length of church membership, income level, educational level, and perceived control by God, for tongue-speaker and non-tongue-speaker groups. Chisquare comparisons were made between the groups on educational level, income level, and perceived control by God, with significant differences being found in educational level. Additional analysis was made between I-E and the variables of educational levels, income levels, and perceived control by God. Historical and current interpretations of the personality of glossolalics are challenged. The construct validity of the Rotter scale for use with religious populations is challenged.

Magistrantūros studijų baigiamojo darbo objektas – tai 2006 – 2013 m. Lietuvos, Jungtinės Karalystės ir Jungtinių Amerikos Valstijų, tiek komercinės, tiek socialinės reklamos, kuriose panaudoti krikščioniškieji simboliai. Tyrime siekiama palyginti kaip šis reiškinys yra išplitęs ir vertinamas, kokie panašumai ir skirtumai atsiskleidžia tiriamų šalių atvejuose. Tyrimo dėmesys sutelkiamas į veiksmo ir atoveiksmio santykį, kuomet, šiuo atveju, reklamos koncepcija paskatina diskusijas viešoje erdvėje. Todėl šiam reiškiniui tirti, taikoma mokslinės literatūros ir šaltinių analizė bei du skirtingi empirinio tyrimo metodai: 1. semiotinė ir vizualinė reklamų, kuriuose panaudoti krikščioniški simboliai, kokybinė turinio analizė; ir 2. internetinės žiniasklaidos pranešimų kiekybinė ir kokybinė turinio analizė. Teorinėje darbo dalyje, analizuojama vartotojiškos visuomenės samprata ir reklamos reikšmė jos kontekste; nagrinėjama krikščioniškųjų simbolių vaizdavimo istorija bei reklamos, kaip viešosios komunikacijos priemonės kontrolės mechanizmai: kaip ir kas reguliuoja jų turinį, kokios interesų grupės formuojasi. Taip pat analizuojama žiniasklaidos reikšmė šiuolaikiniame kontekste. Darbe atliekama atrinktų reklamų semiotinė bei vizualinė analizė. Analizuojama kaip tiriamos reklamos komunikuoja per tekstą ir vaizdą. Darbe taip pat atliekama kiekybinė ir kokybinė internetinės žiniasklaidos pranešimų analizė: atrenkami ir nagrinėjami tekstai, kuriuose išsakomos įvairių socialinių grupių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this masters degree thesis - 'Christian symbols in advertising campaigns and reactions in the societies: period 2006 – 2013, Lithuania, the UK and the USA', the phenomenon of using the Christian symbols in advertising is investigated by comparison of case studies (period 2006 - 2013) of Lithuania, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. The purpose of the study is to determine how this phenomenon is seen, understood and spread in the respective societies. The study is based on research on the relation between cause and effect in the public media, caused by said advertising campaigns. Therefore, theoretical framework and two different empirical methods are employed: (1) advertisement content semiotic and visual analysis; (2) and the quantitative and qualitative content analysis of publications by major internet publishers.

The European continent has been plagued by religious-based conflicts for centuries. While in the past the conflicts arose from disputes between the Catholic and the Protestant church, the main source of the conflicts nowadays is migration to European countries. The migration is what brings significant religious and cultural differences into the functioning traditional European society. One of the currently most discussed topics according to conflicts in Europe is the presence of religious symbols in public spaces. At this point new coming religion symbolized by the Muslim headscarf clashes the traditional religion adhered to by majority and in public areas symbolized by the Christian cross. Except for the conflict between the religions the dispute arises also between religions and the principle of secularism. The aim of my thesis is to analyze the issue of religious symbols in public area, not only in terms of religious freedom, but also in terms of equality and discrimination, protection of the rights of minorities, right to education and gender equality, as these are the issues that need to be considered in its complexity. In the thesis will further examine the question of whether and under what conditions it is possible to limit the demonstration of religious symbols in public areas and in this...

Current Frame of Religious Freedom in the System of European Protection of Human Rights Abstract This thesis deals with the topic of protection of Freedom of Religion in the System of European Protection of Human Rights. It begins with a description of the formulation of this freedom in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and the legal systems of Germany, Austria and Czech Republic. The legal systems of Germany and Austria are very close to the Czech one, therefore the acquired knowledge might become an inspiration for considerations of possible future legislative changes in the Czech Republic (also considering that while the integration of other cultures is still a relatively new topic in here, the above mentioned other states have already much more experience on this field). Another reason why this choice was made is also a wide range of interesting court decisions concerning the topic of this thesis mainly in Germany, but also in Austria. The description of the formulation of the Freedom of Religion in general is followed by the theoretical description and praxis of teaching Religion at public schools in the above stated countries. It is obvious from the comparison of the praxis in the aforementioned states that...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:48:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mara Liz Hernandes Ferrentini.pdf: 664624 bytes, checksum: a4cf06ee037967ce479f845e0dfb6028 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-11 / First of all, this research is focused on an approximate and panoramic way of religious symbols of the ancient religions, providing explanation to understanding these religions at the first periods of humanity. Following, this research focused on the symbolical universe of Jewish and Christian systems. This search is talking about basic symbolism on both Judaism and Christians traditions, as well as investigating their symbolical evolution by anthropological and philosophical references. At last, this research showed the presence of Judaism in Christian culture, giving it its notorious autonomy, but with clearly Jewish foundations. / Primeiramente a pesquisa se concentrou de maneira aproximativa e panorâmica nos símbolos religiosos das religiões primitivas, dando uma explanação para compreensão religiosa nos primeiros estágios da humanidade. Em seguida a pesquisa concentrou-se no universo simbológico dos sistemas judaico e cristão. Dissertando sobre a simbologia básica nas duas tradições religiosas, bem como esquadrinhou sua evolução simbológica, por meio de referencias antropológicas e filosóficas. Por fim a pesquisa demonstrou claramente a presença do judaísmo em solo cristão. Conferindo ao cristianismo sua notória autonomia, porém com bases evidentemente judaicas.

This thesis analyses religious discrimination in employment, using an applied comparison of the law in the UK, France and Germany. To this end, the thesis first explores national church-state relations, establishing potential links to religious discrimination at work. The investigation then moves on to the standards set by the Council of Europe and the European Union, against which the law in the UK, France and Germany will be measured against. The final chapter brings together the findings in an overall comparison of the national law, with particular emphasis on the role of church-state relations and impact on religious minorities. The original contribution of this thesis to knowledge lies in the assessment of the topic in the context of three jurisdictions, its interconnectedness with the ECHR and EU frameworks, using the framework of church-state relations. The thesis reveals and explains similarities and differences between the law in the three jurisdictions, as well as the effects on employees practising their religion and underlying attitudes that formed the law. After identifying substantive neutrality as a promising characteristic of church-state models, it was set as a benchmark for assessment throughout the thesis. Themes emerging from the research reflect significant differences regarding religious discrimination in employment in the UK, France and Germany. Particularly striking is the arguably deliberate targeting of, and clearly detrimental impact on religious minorities by means of indirectly discriminating law in France and Germany, as well as some directly discriminating provisions that were enacted in the course of the German ‘headscarf debate’. It is suggested, accordingly, that stereotypical assumptions about ‘otherness’ have influenced legislation, as well as case law, using church-state relations to underscore the decisive arguments. Due to its largely hypothetical nature, the assessment of the domestic laws’ compatibility with European international and supranational legal frameworks result in a number of cautious predictions. Widespread compliance appears fairly likely in relation to the law in the UK, whereas French and German law can be challenged in several regards. Finally, this research contributes proposals aiming at effective solutions for a variety of religious discrimination scenarios pertinent in the UK, French and German work environments.

The issue of religious symbols in European public has become very often discussed by lawyers, politicians and sociologists as well as by the lay public. This diploma thesis is trying to contribute to these discussions by comparison of case-law of European courts in the cases concerning religious symbols. The thesis therefore analyses the legal sources providing protection of religious freedom and the individual decisions of European courts regarding the presence of religious symbols in public. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is providing the detailed analyse of the protection freedom of religion in European Convention on Human Rights and in the primary law of European Union. Then, it explains the principles of secularism and state neutrality and describes the models of relations between state and religion in Europe. The chapter two contains the introduction to the issue of religious symbols in public. The notion of "religious symbol" and "public" in the context of law is explained there. Further, it focuses on the limitations of religious symbols in public and the prohibition of concealment enacted in some of European countries. In chapter three, the cases of religious symbols in public schools are presented. The majority of European states has an interest in preserving...

Este trabalho tem como tema principal a questão da laicidade e, assim, a relação entre Estado, religião e sociedade no Brasil. Para tanto, foca-se empiricamente na descrição e análise da controvérsia acerca da presença de símbolos religiosos em espaços públicos. Essa contenda tem seus primeiros capítulos nos anos finais do Império e no começo do regime republicano, mas vem ganhando maior amplitude e visibilidade nos últimos anos. A controvérsia se expressa, principalmente, por meio de uma série de processos judiciais e administrativos, protestos e pedidos informais que requerem a remoção de cruzes, crucifixos, imagens de santos e capelas de locais públicos. Para alguns agentes, a existência desses símbolos religiosos em órgãos públicos como escolas, universidades, hospitais, tribunais e parlamentos representaria uma ofensa ao princípio republicano e liberal de separação entre Estado e religião. A laicidade do Estado brasileiro estaria sendo violada na medida em que órgãos públicos ostentam símbolos e imagens de uma determinada religião. Por outro lado, os defensores da permanência dos símbolos religiosos reagem a essas demandas argumentando que a sua afixação é já parte de nossa tradição histórica, exprimindo a cultura cristã e católica de nosso país. O que parece estar em jogo nesses casos são diferentes definições e concepções de laicidade, bem como divergentes posicionamentos acerca do papel e do lugar da religião na vida social. Assim sendo, busco mapear os diversos agentes envolvidos nesse embate e suas diversas e conflitantes posturas e argumentos. Procuro, ainda, ressaltar as constantes interações entre o religioso e o secular, e, desse modo, problematizo a noção de que estes são campos plenamente autônomos e diferenciados. De maneira mais geral, busco refletir e examinar criticamente categorias e conceitos analíticos como laicidade, secularização, secularismo e laicismo. Preocupo-me, sobretudo, em expor não apenas as definições e teorias sociológicas e antropológicas já consagradas acerca dessas categorias, mas também como são estas acionadas e utilizadas pelos mais diferentes atores sociais em situações concretas. Por fim, sublinho a constante imbricação ao longo da história brasileira entre o poder estatal “secular” e os símbolos religiosos, que são e foram constantemente mobilizados para afirmar e consolidar a imagem de uma nação cristã e católica. / This work approaches the question of laity as the main theme and, consequently, the relationship between State, religion and society in Brazil. It empirically focuses on the description and on the analysis of the controversy about the presence of religious symbols in public spaces. This contention had its first chapters at the very end of the Empire and at the beginning of the republican regime, but it has gained greater amplitude and visibility in recent years. The controversy has mainly been expressed by means of a series of judicial and administrative procedures, protests and informal requests requiring the removal of crosses, crucifixes, images of saints and chapels from public places. For some agents, the existence of these religious symbols in public departments such as schools, universities, hospitals, tribunals and parliaments would be an insult to the republican and liberal principle of separation between State and religion. The laity of the Brazilian State has been violated considering that public departments have been displaying symbols and images of a particular religion. On the other hand, the defenders of the permanence of the religious symbols react to those demands by arguing that those displays have already played a role in our historical tradition, expressing the Christian and Catholic culture of our country. What seems to be in question in these cases is the difference among definitions and concepts of laity as well as the divergent positions on the role and on the place of religion in social life. Thus, I try to map the various agents involved in this clash and their diverse and conflicting attitudes and arguments. I also try to emphasize the constant interactions between the religious and the secular fields, as well to problematize their notions of autonomy and differentiation. In a general way, I reflect on and critically examine the analytical categories and concepts such as laity, secularization, secularism, and laicism. I am especially concerned to expose not only the already recognized sociological and anthropological definitions and theories about these categories, but also the way they have been activated and also applied to real situations by all the different social actors. Finally, I wish to emphasize the constant interplay/interconnection/imbrication along the Brazilian history between the "secular" state power and the religious symbols, which are and have been, constantly, mobilized to affirm and to consolidate the image of a Christian and Catholic nation.