Este trabalho tem como tema principal a questão da laicidade e, assim, a relação entre Estado, religião e sociedade no Brasil. Para tanto, foca-se empiricamente na descrição e análise da controvérsia acerca da presença de símbolos religiosos em espaços públicos. Essa contenda tem seus primeiros capítulos nos anos finais do Império e no começo do regime republicano, mas vem ganhando maior amplitude e visibilidade nos últimos anos. A controvérsia se expressa, principalmente, por meio de uma série de processos judiciais e administrativos, protestos e pedidos informais que requerem a remoção de cruzes, crucifixos, imagens de santos e capelas de locais públicos. Para alguns agentes, a existência desses símbolos religiosos em órgãos públicos como escolas, universidades, hospitais, tribunais e parlamentos representaria uma ofensa ao princípio republicano e liberal de separação entre Estado e religião. A laicidade do Estado brasileiro estaria sendo violada na medida em que órgãos públicos ostentam símbolos e imagens de uma determinada religião. Por outro lado, os defensores da permanência dos símbolos religiosos reagem a essas demandas argumentando que a sua afixação é já parte de nossa tradição histórica, exprimindo a cultura cristã e católica de nosso país. O que parece estar em jogo nesses casos são diferentes definições e concepções de laicidade, bem como divergentes posicionamentos acerca do papel e do lugar da religião na vida social. Assim sendo, busco mapear os diversos agentes envolvidos nesse embate e suas diversas e conflitantes posturas e argumentos. Procuro, ainda, ressaltar as constantes interações entre o religioso e o secular, e, desse modo, problematizo a noção de que estes são campos plenamente autônomos e diferenciados. De maneira mais geral, busco refletir e examinar criticamente categorias e conceitos analíticos como laicidade, secularização, secularismo e laicismo. Preocupo-me, sobretudo, em expor não apenas as definições e teorias sociológicas e antropológicas já consagradas acerca dessas categorias, mas também como são estas acionadas e utilizadas pelos mais diferentes atores sociais em situações concretas. Por fim, sublinho a constante imbricação ao longo da história brasileira entre o poder estatal “secular” e os símbolos religiosos, que são e foram constantemente mobilizados para afirmar e consolidar a imagem de uma nação cristã e católica. / This work approaches the question of laity as the main theme and, consequently, the relationship between State, religion and society in Brazil. It empirically focuses on the description and on the analysis of the controversy about the presence of religious symbols in public spaces. This contention had its first chapters at the very end of the Empire and at the beginning of the republican regime, but it has gained greater amplitude and visibility in recent years. The controversy has mainly been expressed by means of a series of judicial and administrative procedures, protests and informal requests requiring the removal of crosses, crucifixes, images of saints and chapels from public places. For some agents, the existence of these religious symbols in public departments such as schools, universities, hospitals, tribunals and parliaments would be an insult to the republican and liberal principle of separation between State and religion. The laity of the Brazilian State has been violated considering that public departments have been displaying symbols and images of a particular religion. On the other hand, the defenders of the permanence of the religious symbols react to those demands by arguing that those displays have already played a role in our historical tradition, expressing the Christian and Catholic culture of our country. What seems to be in question in these cases is the difference among definitions and concepts of laity as well as the divergent positions on the role and on the place of religion in social life. Thus, I try to map the various agents involved in this clash and their diverse and conflicting attitudes and arguments. I also try to emphasize the constant interactions between the religious and the secular fields, as well to problematize their notions of autonomy and differentiation. In a general way, I reflect on and critically examine the analytical categories and concepts such as laity, secularization, secularism, and laicism. I am especially concerned to expose not only the already recognized sociological and anthropological definitions and theories about these categories, but also the way they have been activated and also applied to real situations by all the different social actors. Finally, I wish to emphasize the constant interplay/interconnection/imbrication along the Brazilian history between the "secular" state power and the religious symbols, which are and have been, constantly, mobilized to affirm and to consolidate the image of a Christian and Catholic nation.

Este trabalho tem como tema principal a questão da laicidade e, assim, a relação entre Estado, religião e sociedade no Brasil. Para tanto, foca-se empiricamente na descrição e análise da controvérsia acerca da presença de símbolos religiosos em espaços públicos. Essa contenda tem seus primeiros capítulos nos anos finais do Império e no começo do regime republicano, mas vem ganhando maior amplitude e visibilidade nos últimos anos. A controvérsia se expressa, principalmente, por meio de uma série de processos judiciais e administrativos, protestos e pedidos informais que requerem a remoção de cruzes, crucifixos, imagens de santos e capelas de locais públicos. Para alguns agentes, a existência desses símbolos religiosos em órgãos públicos como escolas, universidades, hospitais, tribunais e parlamentos representaria uma ofensa ao princípio republicano e liberal de separação entre Estado e religião. A laicidade do Estado brasileiro estaria sendo violada na medida em que órgãos públicos ostentam símbolos e imagens de uma determinada religião. Por outro lado, os defensores da permanência dos símbolos religiosos reagem a essas demandas argumentando que a sua afixação é já parte de nossa tradição histórica, exprimindo a cultura cristã e católica de nosso país. O que parece estar em jogo nesses casos são diferentes definições e concepções de laicidade, bem como divergentes posicionamentos acerca do papel e do lugar da religião na vida social. Assim sendo, busco mapear os diversos agentes envolvidos nesse embate e suas diversas e conflitantes posturas e argumentos. Procuro, ainda, ressaltar as constantes interações entre o religioso e o secular, e, desse modo, problematizo a noção de que estes são campos plenamente autônomos e diferenciados. De maneira mais geral, busco refletir e examinar criticamente categorias e conceitos analíticos como laicidade, secularização, secularismo e laicismo. Preocupo-me, sobretudo, em expor não apenas as definições e teorias sociológicas e antropológicas já consagradas acerca dessas categorias, mas também como são estas acionadas e utilizadas pelos mais diferentes atores sociais em situações concretas. Por fim, sublinho a constante imbricação ao longo da história brasileira entre o poder estatal “secular” e os símbolos religiosos, que são e foram constantemente mobilizados para afirmar e consolidar a imagem de uma nação cristã e católica. / This work approaches the question of laity as the main theme and, consequently, the relationship between State, religion and society in Brazil. It empirically focuses on the description and on the analysis of the controversy about the presence of religious symbols in public spaces. This contention had its first chapters at the very end of the Empire and at the beginning of the republican regime, but it has gained greater amplitude and visibility in recent years. The controversy has mainly been expressed by means of a series of judicial and administrative procedures, protests and informal requests requiring the removal of crosses, crucifixes, images of saints and chapels from public places. For some agents, the existence of these religious symbols in public departments such as schools, universities, hospitals, tribunals and parliaments would be an insult to the republican and liberal principle of separation between State and religion. The laity of the Brazilian State has been violated considering that public departments have been displaying symbols and images of a particular religion. On the other hand, the defenders of the permanence of the religious symbols react to those demands by arguing that those displays have already played a role in our historical tradition, expressing the Christian and Catholic culture of our country. What seems to be in question in these cases is the difference among definitions and concepts of laity as well as the divergent positions on the role and on the place of religion in social life. Thus, I try to map the various agents involved in this clash and their diverse and conflicting attitudes and arguments. I also try to emphasize the constant interactions between the religious and the secular fields, as well to problematize their notions of autonomy and differentiation. In a general way, I reflect on and critically examine the analytical categories and concepts such as laity, secularization, secularism, and laicism. I am especially concerned to expose not only the already recognized sociological and anthropological definitions and theories about these categories, but also the way they have been activated and also applied to real situations by all the different social actors. Finally, I wish to emphasize the constant interplay/interconnection/imbrication along the Brazilian history between the "secular" state power and the religious symbols, which are and have been, constantly, mobilized to affirm and to consolidate the image of a Christian and Catholic nation.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-25T12:16:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 veraneuzalemos.pdf: 1080518 bytes, checksum: 2d8b53003baf61076b879eb69c950de0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T19:28:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 veraneuzalemos.pdf: 1080518 bytes, checksum: 2d8b53003baf61076b879eb69c950de0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T19:28:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 veraneuzalemos.pdf: 1080518 bytes, checksum: 2d8b53003baf61076b879eb69c950de0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Esta dissertação tem o propósito de compreender como os enfermeiros e as famílias de crianças internadas vivenciam as expressões e as simbologias religiosas no Centro de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (CETIP), do Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado no Rio de Janeiro (HFSE). O motivo do estudo é contribuir para o aprofundamento das discussões sobre as crenças religiosas no enfrentamento da doença, levando à compreensão da complexa relação entre doente, família, profissional de saúde e religiosidade. Essa abordagem permite, a partir de uma visão socioantropológica, uma construção de modelos de saúde-doença que recuperam a dimensão experiencial, psicossocial, espiritual e religiosa. A legitimação da religiosidade em situações de doença, cura e enfrentamento não se restringe aos familiares, mas também aos enfermeiros, que compartilham a crença na eficácia divina em torno da cura e recuperação do doente. Entre os sujeitos pesquisados não houve antagonismo entre biomedicina e fenômeno religioso, mas uma relação complementar. / This dissertation has the purpose of understanding how the nurses and the families with hospitalized children experience aspect and religious symbologies in the Centro de Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica (CETIP), at the Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado in Rio de Janeiro (HFSE). This study seeks to contribute to deepen the discussions about religious belief when facing the illness, leading to understand the complex relationship between patient, family, health professional and religiosity. This approach allows, from a socio anthropological view, to construct models of health-illness which recover the experience, psychosocial, spiritual and religious dimensions. The legitimation of the religiosity in illness situations, healing and confrontation is not only restricted to the family, but also about the recovery of the patient. Among the subjects studied, there was no antagonism between biomedicine and religious phenomenon, but a complementary relationship.

Rock music has during all of its almost 50 years of existence been the subject of criticism and debate. Much of this criticism has risen from religious circles. But also in these circles, rock music has its advocates. This thesis studies the reactions to rock music by spokespersons for institutional Christianity. Most of the material studied is written and published material. The material dates from 1983-1998 and originates from Sweden, Finland and the United States. The material is studied qualitatively. The purpose is to study the Christian discourse on rock music as an example of how institutional religion defends itself against competition. A theoretical perspective and conceptual apparatus is developed. The Christian discourse on rock is viewed as the defence of a monopolistic symbolic universe - institutional Christianity - against an outside threat - rock. This defence is described by two concepts, devaluation and incorporation. Devaluation involves giving rock an inferior status, for example defining it as demonic. Incorporation is an attempt to make rock part of the Christian symbolic universe. The result of devaluation and incorporation is the same: the denial of any reality outside the Christian symbolic universe. Several different techniques for devaluating and incorporating for example rock music can be used. Two such techniques are studied in the thesis: symbol interpretation, and the defence of boundaries. The main contribution of the thesis is the development and application of a theoretical perspective on how institutional religion defends itself against competition. The discussion on how established religion reacts to "secular" media adds an important dimension to the academic discussion on media, religion and culture.

No description available.

Marketing and commercial communications. Forms of commercial communications. Legal regulations and ethics in an advertising focused on religious elements. Analysis of selected advertising campaigns with religous themes. Qualitative marketing research.Recommendation for the future work with themes of a religion and religious symbols.

This thesis aims to analyze the transformations of concept of secularism from a long- term perspective of the formation and consolidation of Turkish republic between 1923 - 2013. Central contention is that secularism, as a social phenomenon, was originally understood as an integral part of state-led modernization project, sponsored by Turkish armed forces between 1920s and early 1980s. However since late 1980s and particularly under AKP governments (2002 - 2014) secularism - branded as Kemalism has gradually become a subject of intense conflicts and new interpretations seeking to reconcile Turkish secularist principles with new forms of public participation driven by Islamic symbols. Keywords Democracy, secularism, authoritarian regime, Kemalism, army, political parties, AKP, islam, religious symbols, islamic clothing

Ce mémoire porte sur le processus de racialisation des personnes de confession et/ou de culture musulmane. Il cherche à éclairer la manière dont cette racialisation s’incarne à l’égard des personnes musulmanes qui prennent part aux débats sociopolitiques de leur société (plus spécifiquement ceux entourant les enjeux de laïcité et de signes religieux). La posture scientifique adoptée allie expérience individuelle et analyse sociologique. Dans le cadre analysé, la participation à un débat public au Québec, en 2013 et 2014, autour d’un projet de loi sur la laïcité et la neutralité religieuse de l’État (le projet de loi no 60) a donné lieu à une campagne de diffamation ciblant l’auteure de cette recherche et culminant en une démarche en justice. Ce type de diffamation, qui a pour cible une personne musulmane, puise dans un registre conspirationniste de l’islamisation et de l’infiltration des institutions démocratiques et des organisations de la société civile par les musulman.es vivant dans les sociétés occidentales. À travers un cas comme celui-ci, il est possible d’observer, par une sorte d’effet grossissant, une cristallisation de plusieurs propriétés de la racialisation telle qu’elle s’incarne à l’égard des personnes musulmanes. L’analyse mobilise des vidéos et des publications diffusées sur un blogue actif en 2013 et 2014, véhiculant des thèses conspirationnistes anti-islam, des documents tirés du dossier juridique (poursuite en diffamation), ainsi qu’une reconstruction narrative des évènements. / This dissertation examines the process of racialization of people of Muslim faith and/or culture. It seeks to shed light on the way in which this racialization is exemplified with regard to Muslims who participate in the political and social debates within their society (more precisely, the debates concerning secularism and religious symbols). The scientific approach adopted in this dissertation combines individual experience and sociological analysis. In the case being studied, the participation by the author of this research in a public debate in Quebec, in 2013 and 2014, surrounding a bill on State secularism and religious neutrality (Bill 60) gave rise to a smear campaign targeting her and culminating in legal action. Since the target of this campaign was Muslim, the defamation drew on conspiracy tropes of Islamisation and the infiltration of democratic institutions and of civil society organizations by Muslims living in Western societies. By studying a case such as this it is possible to observe, by a kind of magnifying effect, the crystallisation of several properties of racialization as it is exemplified with regards to Muslims. The analysis in this dissertation employs videos and posts published on a blog that was active in 2013 and 2014 that peddled in anti-Muslim conspiracy theory, documents from the legal file (defamation suit), as well as a narrative reconstruction of the events.

Den långa traditionen av sekularitet i Frankrike har ett stort inflytande i den publika sfären och har därmed blivit djupt rotad i den franska identiteten. Den sekulära ideologin har resulterat i en lag som förbjuder religiösa symboler i skolan. Sedan hösten 2004 får muslimska flickor inte längre bära slöja i skolan. Syftet med denna uppsats är att presentera unga muslimska kvinnors uppfattning och syn angående denna nya lag. Uppsatsen strävar efter att förstå hur lagen har påverkat dessa kvinnor. Arbetet betonar också unga muslimska kvinnors föreställning om slöjan såväl som deras erfarenheter av ett sekulärt samhälle. Essän är ett resultat av empiriskt arbete av kvalitativ karaktär byggd på ostrukterade intervjuer med sju muslimska kvinnor. Saids koncept orientalism och Foucaults teori om governmentality är centrala element i analysen. Analysen i sin helhet är baserad på olika begrepp. Arbetet konkluderar en ökning av muslimska kvinnors exkludering som en följd av lagen. Lagen har således fått effekter utanför skolans sfär. Muslimska kvinnor i den här studien är stigmatiserade på grund av deras slöja och lagen har plötsligt legitimerat diskriminering mot dem. / The long tradition of secularism in France has a great influence in the public sphere. It is furthermore deeply ingrained in the French identity. Eventually the secular ideology resulted in a law against religious symbols in school. Since autumn 2004 Muslim girls are not any longer permitted to wear the veil in school. This thesis aims to present the perspective of young Muslim women in France regarding the new law. It seeks to capture how the law has had an influence on these women. Additionally it puts forward young Muslim women´s experiences of a secular society and their understandings of the veil. It is an empirical study of a qualitative character, based on unstructured interviews with seven Muslim women. Said´s notion of orientalism and Foucault´s idea of governmentality are central elements in the analysis. Further, the analysis of the empirical material is structured around a variety of concepts. The paper concludes that the law has contributed to an increased islamophobia in French society. Further, Muslim women are excluded to a greater extent due to the law. Hence the law has been extended beyond the educational sphere. Muslim women in this study are stigmatised due to their veil and the law has suddenly legitimatized discrimination against them.

Text in Afrikaans / Die Jeugbediening binne die Nederduitse Gereforrneerde Kerk verkeer tans in 'n stroomversnelling, en roep om vemuwing en verandering. Onderliggend aan bierdie krisis wat ontstaan het, le die tydsgees van die postmodemisme. Laasgenoemde het 'n beslissende invloed op die wyse waarop die jongmense vandag die evangelie hoor en leer. Dit het ook 'n deurslaggewende invloed op geloofskommunikasie. Pierre Babin beredeneer in sy boek The New Era in Religious Communication vyf konsepte wat lig werp op die nuwe era wat aangebreek het in geloofskommunikasie en spreek daarrnee die krisis in hierdie nuwe era bevredigend aan. Hy benadruk die volgende hoofkonsepte, naamlik: • Die verskuiwing van die Gutenberg-era na die Oudiovisuele era • Die impak van die elektroniese media op geloof • Die weg van skoonheid • Die simboliese weg • Stereo-kategese. Die skrywer is van mening dat die hoofkonsepte, soos uitgewerk deur Babin, die basis le vir 'n effektiewe, kontemporere jeugbedieningsmodel vir die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks. / The ministering of the gospel to the youth within the Dutch Reformed Church finds itself in a rapid at present and is calling for rejuvenation and change. Underlying to this crisis, is the spirit of the times known as Post Modernism. The latter has a decisive influence on the way the youth of today hear and learn the gospel. It also has a conclusive impact on communicating religion. Pierre Babin argued in his book The New Era in Religious Communication five concepts which cast light on the new era which has arrived in the communication of religion. These address the crisis of the new era effectively. He emphasizes the following main concepts: • The shift from the Gutenberg era to the audiovisual era • The impact of the electronic era on faith • The way of beauty • The symbolic way • Stereo catechesis. The author is of the opinion that these concepts, as formulated by Babin, pave the way for an effective, contemporary model for ministering the gospel to the youth within the South African context. / Practical Theology / M. Diac. (Youth work)