L'objectif principal de cette dissertation est d'analyser les rapports entre l'associativisme sportif et les représentations de l'identité culturelle germano-brésilienne, à Porto Alegre (RS, Brésil) dans la période comprise entre 1867 et 1945. Le processus d'émergence et d'expansion de l'associativisme sportif à Porto Alegre a été identifié en relation avec l'identité culturelle germano-brésilienne. De plus ont été évaluées les répercussions des mesures de nationalisation implantées par le gouvernement brésilien sur les associations sportives germano-brésiliennes. L'investigation exploratoire réalisée dans cette dissertation est structurée en trois études basées sur la consultation des documents imprimés (journaux, almanachs, albums, livres commémoratifs, revues, parmi d'autres) et sur des témoignages oraux d'athlètes (n = 8) ayant vécu entre 1867 et 1945. En conclusion, l'émergence d'associativisme sportif à Porto Alegre fut le fruit de l'initiative volontaire des brésiliens d'origine allemande et son expansion fut le résultat d'une émulation entre cette population et les tentatives de nationalisation du gouvernement brésilien. Encore de nos jours, l'identité culturelle allemande fait partie intégrante des associations sportives. Cette identité s'affirme dans le maintien de la langue allemande et dans l'adoptions de symboles representatifs de la Patrie d'origine. / O principal objetivo desta dissertação foi analisar as relações entre o associativismo desportivo e as representações da identidade cultural teuto-brasileira, em Porto Alegre (RS, Brasil), no período de 1867 a 1945. O processo de emergência e expansão do associativismo desportivo em Porto Alegre e as representações da identidade cultural teuto-brasileira e sua ligação com o associativismo desportivo foram identificadas, e as repercussões das medidas de nacionalização impetradas pelo governo brasileiro nas associações desportivas teuto-brasileiras foram avaliadas. A investigação exploratória realizada nesta dissertação estruturou-se em três estudos, baseados na consulta de documentos impressos (jornais, almanaques, álbuns, livros comemorativos, revistas, entre outros) e depoimentos orais de atletas (n = 8) que vivenciaram o período de 1867-1945. Concluiu-se que a emergência do associativismo desportivo em Porto Alegre foi fruto da iniciativa voluntária dos teuto-brasileiros, e sua expansão resultou do confronto entre os teuto-brasileiros e as tentativas de nacionalização do governo brasileiro. Ainda, as associações desportivas constituíram-se num espaço de representação da identidade cultural da comunidade teuto-brasileira em Porto Alegre. Esta identidade foi afirmada especialmente nas práticas desportivas, na manutenção da língua alemã e na adoção de símbolos representativos da Pátria de origem. / The main purpose of this dissertation was to analyze the relation between sportive associations and representations of the Teutonic-Brazilian cultural identity in Porto Alegre (RS, Brazil), in 1867-1945. The rise and expansion of the sportive associations in Porto Alegre, and the representations of Teutonic-Brazilian cultural identity and its connection with the sportive associations were investigated, and the results of the nationalization actions taken by the Brazilian government on the sportive associations were evaluated. The exploratory methodology used in this dissertation was structured in three studies, based on documentation research (newspapers, albums, commemorative books, magazines, among others) and oral interviews with athletes (n = 8) that lived between 1867 and 1945. It was concluded that the sportive associations in Porto Alegre were created by voluntary actions taken by the teutonic-brazilians, and its expansion resulted from conflicts between the teutonic-brazilians and the nationalization actions taken by the Brazilian government. Furthermore, the sportive associations produced a space for the representation of the Teutonic-Brazilian cultural identity in Porto Alegre. Such identity was strengthened by sports, by the maintenance of the German language, and by using representative symbols of Germany.

Notre recherche, qui s’inscrit dans le champ de la sociolinguistique, vise à fournir un nouvel éclairage sur la question de la dynamique des représentations sociales produite par l’expérience de la mobilité académique. Elle prend comme sujets-témoins les étudiants koweïtiens regroupés en quatre sous-groupes variant par leur expérience de la mobilité. Cette approche méthodologique s’est avérée pertinente pour évaluer l’évolution des représentations sociales depuis l’émergence du projet de mobilité jusqu’au retour au pays. L'étude de terrain est de type exploratoire et qualitative au moyen d’entretiens semi-directifs. Les données de cette étude révèlent que les sujets en situation de mobilité académique s’inscrivent dans une dynamique d’adaptation, tan tculturelle, identitaire que linguistique. Bien qu’une évolution des représentations sociales puisse se produire sous l’effet de la mobilité académique, celle-ci ne semble toucher que des éléments périphériques, les sujets-témoins conservant intacts les éléments centraux des représentations sociales partagées par leurs concitoyens. Cette recherche contribue à une meilleure connaissance d’un contexte très peu exploré dans la littérature et fournit les clefs pour une meilleure préparation des projets de mobilité académique du Koweït vers la France. / Our research, which fits into the field of sociolinguistics, aims at providing a newinsight into the dynamics of social representations resulting from the experience of academic mobility. For this study we interview Kuwaiti students organized in four subgroups varying in their experience of mobility. This method of approach has been proved relevant for the assessment of how social representations evolves from the startof their mobility project up to the return to their country. The field study is exploratory and qualitative conducted through semi-directive interviews. The feedback from this study reveals that the subjects in a situation of academic mobility fit into the dynamics of identity, cultural as well as linguistic adaptation. Although an evolution of socialre presentations can occur under the effect of academic mobility this appears only to effect peripheral elements while the test-subjects retain well-preserved the central elements of social representation shares with their fellow-citizens. This research is a contribution to an increased awareness of a relatively unexpected context in theliterature and contributes to a better preparation for academic mobility projects from Kuwait to France.

Advantages of the double coset enumeration technique include its use to represent group elements in a convenient shorter form than their usual permutation representations and to find nice permutation representations for groups. In this thesis we construct, by hand, several groups, including U₃(3) : 2, L₂(13), PGL₂(11), and PGL₂(7), represent their elements in the short form (symmetric representation) and produce their permutation representations.

No description available.

Master of Science / Mathematics / Andrew G. Bennett / This study utilizes eye-tracking technology as a tool to measure college algebra students’ mathematical noticing as defined by Lobato and colleagues (2012). Research in many disciplines has used eye-tracking technology to investigate the differences in visual attention under the assumption that eye movements reflect a person’s moment-to-moment cognitive processes. Motivated by the work done by Madsen and colleagues (2012) who found visual differences between those who correctly and incorrectly solve introductory college physics problems, we used eye-tracking to observe the visual attention difference between correct and incorrect solvers of college algebra problems. More specifically, we consider students’ visual attention when presented tabular representations of linear functions. We found that in several of the problems analyzed, those who answered the problem correctly spend more time looking at relevant table values of the problem while those who answered the problem incorrectly spend more time looking at irrelevant table labels x, y, y = f(x) of the problem in comparison to the correct solvers. More significantly, we found a noteworthy group of students, who did not move beyond table labels, using these labels solely to solve the problem. Future analyses need to be done to expand on the differences between eye patterns rather than just focusing on dwell time in the relevant and irrelevant areas of a table.

Résumé : Problématique: Près de 40% des 57 718 Canadiens ayant subi une arthroplastie du genou entre 2013 et 2014 étaient des travailleurs; la majorité étant âgée entre 55 à 64 ans. Des indices démographiques et législatifs laissent entrevoir que ce nombre continuera d’augmenter dans les prochaines années. Environ 15 à 30% de ces patients éprouvent des difficultés à reprendre ou à demeurer au travail six mois après la chirurgie. Malgré l’ampleur du phénomène, la perspective des travailleurs quant à ces difficultés demeure inconnue. Objectifs : Ce projet vise à mieux comprendre, selon la perspective du travailleur, les mécanismes sous-jacents à reprendre, ou non, une vie saine et active au travail à la suite d’une arthroplastie du genou. Plus précisément, il s’agit de décrire les représentations de l’incapacité au travail de ces travailleurs. Méthode : Ce projet qualitatif est basé sur une approche narrative avec comme cadre conceptuel le modèle d’autorégulation de Leventhal. Un échantillon de convenance de huit travailleurs ayant eu une arthroplastie du genou et éprouvant des difficultés à reprendre ou à demeurer au travail a été recruté. Des entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées ont été conduites. La méthode de Landry a été suivie pour le codage. D’abord, le cadre conceptuel a permis l’élaboration du cahier de codification tout en laissant la place à des codes émergents. Une analyse thématique des verbatim a ensuite été réalisée à l’aide du logiciel AtlasTi par deux codeurs indépendants (PM et MFC) qui ont discuté des codes divergents. Une fois toutes les entrevues codées, des réunions en équipe multidisciplinaire (kinésiologue, psychologue et physiothérapeute) ont eu lieu pour discuter de chaque cas et profiter de l’expertise de chacun des membres de l’équipe pour une analyse en profondeur. Résultats : La moitié des travailleurs rencontrée était absente du travail au moment de l’entrevue. L’émergence de cinq thèmes principaux a permis d’identifier deux cas types, soient retournés au travail avec difficultés, mais présence de soutien, et non retournés. Les travailleurs de la première trajectoire rapportent une implication de l’entreprise dans les démarches de retour au travail et ont les conditions nécessaires pour prendre des moyens actifs afin d’améliorer leur condition. Pour les travailleurs de la deuxième trajectoire, différents obstacles nuisent à la reprise des activités dont des complications postopératoires, une perception d’exigences de travail élevées, un faible soutien de l’environnement de travail et peu de ressources pour les aider. Conclusion : L’identification d’une trajectoire qui est moins favorable au retour au travail permet d’identifier les travailleurs à risque d’être en situation d’incapacité au travail. Ces travailleurs pourraient bénéficier de services en réadaptation au travail pour favoriser la reprise d’une vie saine et active après l’arthroplastie du genou. / Abstract : Purpose: Nearly 40% of the 57,718 Canadians who underwent total knee arthroplasty (TKA) between 2013 and 2014 were workers; the majority of them were aged from 55 to 64 years. Demographic and legislative indications suggest that this number will increase in the coming years. Actually, 15 to 30% of these patients report limitations at work or are not able to return to work six months after the surgery. Despite this growing phenomenon, workers’ insight on what influence work disability remains unknown. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the worker’s perspective on what contributes or impedes the return to an active working life after TKA. Specifically, we aimed to document workers’ representations of their disability following TKA. Method: This qualitative study was conducted based on a narrative approach using Leventhal’s Common Sense Model (CSM) as the conceptual framework. A convenience sample of eight workers experiencing limitations while at work or being fully disabled (on sick leave) after TKA was interviewed. We conducted semistructured interviews, and then we followed Landry’s method for coding. First, we used a mixed coding method whereby codes were established a priori using the CSM with the possibility for emergent codes. Second, two researchers (PM and MFC) independently coded all interviews, compared the codes, and discussed diverging results. Third, after coding all interviews and based on the coding, content analysis was performed in multidisciplinary team (psychologist, physiotherapist, kinesiologist). Each interview was discussed by the team to compare the analysis and to obtain consensus as we believe our disciplinary backgrounds might impact interpretation of the data by bringing new information to the case. Content analysis was performed with Atlas-Ti software. Results: Half of the workers were fully disabled because of TKA. We identified two typical cases: workers who returned to work with difficulties but perceived support from their environment and workers who did not returned to work. The workers that returned to work reported involvement of their work environment in the return-to-work process. They felt they had greater improvement after TKA, and this enables them to further improve their condition. Workers who did not return to work encountered various obstacles such as ostoperative complications, a more physically-demanding job, negligible support from their work environment, and few resources to help them. Conclusion: The identification of a case that is less favorable to return to work allowed us to identify workers at risk of work disability. These workers could benefit from work rehabilitation services in order to promote a better active working life after TKA.

In STEM domains, robust learning includes not only fluency with procedures, but also recognition and application of the conceptual principles that underlie them. Grounded feedback is one instructional approach proposed to help students integrate conceptual knowledge into their learning of procedures. Grounded feedback functions primarily by having students take an action in the target domain (often symbolic) and receiving feedback in a representation that is easier to reason with. This thesis defines grounded feedback and evaluates its effectiveness. I define grounded feedback with four characteristics: (1) The feedback reflects students’ inputs according to rules that are inherent to the topic of study. For example, an inputted equation with two variables may be shown as a graph. (2) The feedback facilitates selfevaluation - by examining the feedback, students can evaluate for themselves if their answers are correct or not. (3) Students do not directly manipulate the feedback representation. Instead, the inputs are in a format that matches the domain learning goals. (4) The feedback conveys information about the nature of errors, not just that a particular action was incorrect. For example, the feedback may indicate the direction or magnitude of the error. Some prior experiments on systems with the four characteristics of grounded feedback found greater learning of target procedures (Nathan 1998) and greater transfer (Mathan & Koedinger 20015), relative to robust controls. Over four studies with 4th and 5th graders, this thesis explores three tutor designs for fraction addition that incorporate visualizations of magnitude, including grounded feedback. Two studies of grounded feedback show effects of robust learning relative to correctness feedback, including greater future learning (in study 2) and transfer (in study 3). Another study found little difference between grounded feedback with and without correctness. In the last study, relative to correctness feedback, two implementations of dynamically linked concrete representations (variations on grounded feedback) showed greater robust learning (pre-test to delayed test). The correctness feedback tutor, used in three of these studies, is a high-bar control, including immediate step-level correctness feedback and adaptive on-demand hints. Indications of more robust learning with the grounded feedback tutor are promising, though not conclusive. Grounded feedback is intended to leverage concrete representations to elicit students’ prior knowledge of relevant concepts. Over two Difficulty Factor Assessments, 5th graders demonstrated difficulty incorporating magnitude information when evaluating fraction addition equations. In particular, students could generally evaluate an equation correctly when it was represented with fraction bars. However, including symbols with the bars interfered with students’ evaluations by triggering incorrect transfer from whole-number addition. Students also did not fully grasp that when two positive fractions are added, the resulting sum is bigger than each addend alone. These findings may help explain why the benefits of grounded feedback are not as strong as proponents of concrete representations might hope. Namely, the target population may not be able to take full advantage of the magnitude visualization because they lack pre-requisite knowledge of how fraction addition involves magnitude.

No description available.

My thesis focuses on the perceptive afflictions caused by alteration of the normal biological functioning of sight and memory. These afflictions are related to the redefinition and disgregation of the classical and postclassical cinematographic characters, and affect cinematographic language, establishing a dialectical relation with the filmic image that contaminates our spectatorial perception. In the first chapter I propose a different reading of a few moments in film history, turning points in which a modification of the ordinary sensorial patterns has been introduced. From the German Expressionism to the late authorial experiments of the 60s, there is a sort of hidden history of film that passes through the continuous redefinition of the audience sensory activity. The different perspective upon broadly studied topics leads to the analysis of contemporary cinema: my thesis tries to investigate the reasons that led cinema to continually increase the representation of perceptive afflictions during the last years, and theses “affected” narratives of afflictions and dysfunctions have interesting effects upon so called “normal” perception of the reality surrounding us. The chapters 2 and 3 respectively analyze memory disorders and different dysfunctions of sight: these elements determine alterations in the ‘normal’ and ‘sensory’ perception of reality. They work as narrative factors changing the visual filmic instruments and redefining the role of the subject (and his/her uncertain definition of identity) in contemporary narratives that show how new technologies are profoundly transforming (and enhancing) the perceptive mechanisms involved in our spectatorial activity. In this work I analyze those films that are mostly committed to a clear and readable narration. My study primarily concentrates on American cinema of the last 30 years – with particular attention to popular Hollywood productions – because Hollywood has become the privileged ‘laboratory’ for the negotiation of gaze and images in the contemporary mediascape, while during the classical era experimental and avant-garde cinema were the “place” in which audience experienced the most important redefinitions of the boundaries between different types of mediated perception.

This thesis considers why some crimes persist beyond the moment of newsworthiness and how they are able to transcend this period of intense reporting to become a feature of popular memory. The central argument is that the popular memory of a crime is built up over time through a synthesis of public discourses, which are predominantly developed in news reporting, people s everyday experience and the normative social frameworks of everyday life. A temporally sensitive analysis of two case studies, the murder of James Bulger and the murder of Sarah Payne, tests this hypothesis by exploring the connections and disconnections between the ongoing reporting of these crimes and the remembering of them. The study finds that the personal past and public discourse intertwine in remembered accounts of these crimes and considers that this is evidence of the ways audiences utilise crime news as an imaginative resource for understanding crime and criminality more broadly. It can thus be said that audiences use the news to frame, but not define their understandings of the world around us.