Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / The traditional model of scholarly communication uses journals, databases, and conferences. With the onset of the digital age, there has been a change in the system of scholarly communication, creating new publishing models, such as open access and institutional repositories, which have emerged as important, scholarly communication models. The research questions addressed in this study investigated the value of using altmetrics, as opposed to traditional metrics for measuring the impact of publications by researchers into gender-based violence (GBV) within South Africa.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate the rigour and relevance of IS research; as researchers and practitioners are divided and living in a different world of aspiration m conducting research. This division is as a result of many reasons. The gap between researchers and practitioners has promulgated debate and argument among the two that has lasted for years. Many believed that IS research is effective and others opposed it. Others within or outside the discipline consider whether IS research output affects and impacts decision making in the industry. Meanwhile, the debate on rigour and relevance has lasted for decades but, in reality, the differences gap still persists, in spite of efforts by researchers. Their efforts and hard-work seem not to be very effective. This study seeks to determine whether practitioners meet their needs and expectations and whether they address them through the rigour and relevance of IS/academic research. It is also to determine whether this debate which has lingered over the years is worth it. The growing problems and needs in the practitioners' world call for an investigation into this rigour and relevance. There is an on-going criticism that IS research lacks rigour, relevance. effective communication and acceptance in the field as noted in the literature. The identified problem under investigation now is lack of rigour, relevance and other issues such as consistency, transparency, communication and inaccessibi lity in IS research. The population for the study comprised academic lecturers attending the South African Institute for Computer Scientists and Information Technologists (SAICSIT 2012) conference and North-West University IS and Computer Science (Mafikeng Campus) academics. The population was 90 lecturers/academics and the sample size of 73 answered the questionnaires. / Thesis (M.Com.(Information Systems) North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, 2013

This study aims to gain an understanding on how researchers leave their mark on archaeological records and to discuss what this have meant for the production of archaeological knowledge. This was done by studying archival records from two archaeological excavations of boat graves in Valsgärde, which was held in 1936 and 1950. Starting with the relation between creator/researcher and records made the idea was to contribute with a study of the relationship between records and creator. The theories being used for analyzing this was intersectionality combined with Donna Haraways situated knowledges, where created interacting categories in the material was analyzed in relation to each researcher. Both researchers material where further discussed whis this in mind. The main method used was qualitative content analysis, wich were also combined with a quantitative method of the number of records created with the same content. Through these methods interacting categoriers was found in the archaeological documentation. The created interacting categories in one material consisted of documentation of archaeological remains in situ, documentation of single finds and documentation of archaeological stratigraphy. Further three interacting categories of documentation after excavation, of weapons and single finds was found in the same material. In comparision, the other records consisted of interacting categories of documentation of archaeological remains in situ, documentation of the contex of the findings and documentation of archaeological stratigraphy. This showed how the reseachers in the studied records have left their marks on the archaeological documentation of each boat grave. The researches had desicive impact on the produced knowledge that was based on their findings, since the records that were created were created were influenced by each researcher. This is a two years master’s thesis in Archive, Library and Museum studies.

The research journals and publications are great source of knowledge produced by the virtue of hard work done by researchers. Several digital libraries have been maintaining the records of such research publications in order for general people and other researchers to find and study the previous work done in the research field they are interested in. In order to make the search criteria effective and easier, all of these digital libraries keep a record/database to store the meta-data of the publications. These meta-data records are generally well design to keep the vital records of the publications/articles, which has the potential to give information about the researcher, their research activities, and hence the competence profile. This thesis work is a study and search of method for building the competence profile of researchers’ base on the records of their publications in the well-known digital libraries. The publications of researchers publish in different publication houses, so, in order to make a complete profile, the data from several of these heterogeneous digital libraries sources have to be integrated semantically. Several of the semantic technologies were studied in order to investigate the challenges of integration of the heterogeneous sources and modeling the researchers’ competence profile .An approach of on-demand profile creation was chosen where user of system could enter some basic name detail of the researcher whose profile is to be created. In this thesis work, Design Science Research methodology was used as the method for research work and to complement this research method with a working artifact, scrum- an agile software development methodology was used to develop a competence profile system as proof of concept.

Diversos comportamentos inadequados apresentados na literatura acerca da Ética na pesquisa, tais como fraude e plágio, são encontrados no processo de preparação e publicação de trabalhos científicos. Esses comportamentos podem ser originados, em grande parte, pela pressão que as instituições acadêmicas fazem sobre pesquisadores para a elevação da produção científica ou a que o próprio pesquisador se impõe para obter maior posto ou remuneração, conseguir ou manter seu status de aceitação pela comunidade científica, ou ainda, porque não percebem a natureza questionável dos seus atos. Alheios a esses acontecimentos, geralmente, os pesquisadores de Contabilidade têm desenvolvido seus estudos sem qualquer reflexão às questões éticas que envolvem o processo da pesquisa contábil. O propósito geral deste estudo foi examinar o posicionamento dos pesquisadores em Contabilidade em relação à má conduta na pesquisa científica, identificando a frequência de sua ocorrência e a intensidade dos fatores que influenciam a má conduta. A importância desse estudo poderá ser verificada quando se espera que os debates sobre ética na pesquisa sejam fomentados e sirvam de base para o desenvolvimento de estratégias que possam reduzir a má conduta na pesquisa. Usando a abordagem de método misto sequencial explicativo proposto por Creswell (2008), investigou-se a ocorrência de má conduta na pesquisa e os fatores que a ocasionam por meio de um survey aplicado a 85 pesquisadores presentes no Congresso USP de Controladoria e Contabilidade de 2009 seguido por entrevistas semiestruturadas aplicadas a oito pesquisadores experientes e de reconhecida competência. O perfil geral dos participantes do estudo foi constituído por 61,1% de mestres, mestrandos e doutorandos em Contabilidade, sendo que 67% desses tinham até nove anos de envolvimento com pesquisa. Oitententa e oito por cento de todos os participantes eram professores universitários, mas apenas 19% do total da amostra estavam vinculados a um programa stricto sensu e, entre esses, 81,2% tinham maior vinculação com instituições públicas e os demais, 18,8%, com instituições privadas. Dos professores não vinculados a um programa stricto sensu (69%), 67,2% estavam vinculados a instituições públicas e 32,8% a instituições privadas. Na perspectiva desses participantes os resultados da análise do survey revelaram que há evidências de envolvimento de pesquisadores em Contabilidade com práticas inapropriadas, mas que a frequência com que essas ocorrem é pequena, ou seja, tiveram ocorrência rara ou ocasional. Dentre as dezessete más condutas avaliadas quanto às suas ocorrências, \'Um autor divide o crédito do trabalho com colega que não contribui para fazê-lo, em troca de participação em trabalho em que também não vai contribuir\' e \'Um autor, para aumentar a credibilidade de seu artigo, amplia a seção de referências com citações de fontes que não leu, mas que viu citadas em outros artigos\' são, nessa ordem, os comportamentos mais frequentes. Os resultados também forneceram evidências que quanto maior o tempo de envolvimento com a pesquisa maior a frequência que os pesquisadores mostram crer e conhecer a ocorrência de má conduta, mas isso foi verdade apenas para \'Um professor se esforça para impedir que o trabalho de um pesquisador seja publicado\' que teve uma relação positiva e significante com o tempo de envolvimento na pesquisa. Os pesquisadores participantes do survey e os entrevistados creem que a necessidade de publicação é o fator mais importante para influenciar a má conduta na pesquisa. Para os pesquisadores experientes entrevistados a necessidade de publicação está associada à Capes e ao sistema de avaliação imposto por ela. Educação foi considerado um importante meio para desencorajar má conduta na pesquisa tanto para participantes do survey quanto para os pesquisadores experientes entrevistados. Ainda para esses últimos, é possível inferir-se que o atual estágio da qualidade da pesquisa contábil no Brasil é, em parte, reflexo das más condutas avaliadas neste estudo. / Diverse inadequate behaviors presented by the literature about Ethics in research, such as fraud and plagiarism, are found in the preparation and publishing process of scientific works. These behaviors may be mostly originated by the academic institutions\' pressure over researchers to raise scientific production or by the pressure researchers impose themselves to obtain a higher position or revenue, to get or to keep their scientific community acceptance status, or even because they do not realize the questionable nature of their actions. Aside from these happenings, generally, Accountancy researchers have developed their studies not pondering about the ethical issues that concern the accounting research. The present work\'s general purpose was to examine Accountancy researchers\' attitude related to scientific research misconduct, identifying its frequency of occurrence and its influential factors intensity. This study importance may be verified when it is expected that debates about ethics in research are stimulated and used as the basis for developing strategies which may reduce the research misconduct. From the mixed-methods sequential explanatory design proposed by Creswell (2008), the research misconduct occurrence and the factors that caused it were investigated by a survey applied to eighty five researchers attending USP\'s 2009 Controllership and Accountancy Congress, followed by semi-structured interviews taken from eight experienced and well-recognized competence researchers. The participants\' general profile in this study was constituted by Accounting graduate students, Masters, and Doctors (61,1%). A share of 67% from this number has been involved in research up to nine years. Eighty eight per cent of all participants were professors, although only 19% from the total were linked to a stricto sensu program and, among them, 81, 2 % were more connected to public institutions; the remaining ones, 18,8%, to private institutions. From the professors not connected to a stricto sensu program (69%), 67,2% were linked to public institutions and 32,8% to private ones. In these participants\' perspective, the survey result analysis revealed that there are evidences of Accountancy researchers\' involvement in inappropriate practices, in spite of its low occurrence frequency: they were considered rare or occasional. From the seventeen misconducts assessed by their occurrence, \"[A]n author shares a work\'s credit with a colleague that does not contribute to do it in exchange of participation in a work which he or she will not contribute as well\", and \"[A]n author, to increase his or her article\'s credibility, expands its reference sections citing unread resources observed in other articles\" are, in this order, the most frequent behaviors. The results also provide evidence that when the involvement with research is longer, the frequency that researchers show belief in and know about the occurrence of misconduct is higher, although it was true only for \"[A] professor struggles to impede a researcher\'s work to be published\", which had a positive and considerable relation with the time of involvement with research. The survey\'s participant researchers and the interviewees believe that the need of publication is the most important factor to influence a research\'s misconduct. To the experienced researchers interviewed, the need of publication is associated to Capes (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) and to the evaluation system imposed by it. Education was considered an important means to discourage misconduct in research both by the participants and by the experienced researchers interviewed. Thus, from the latter, it is possible to infer that the current stage of the Accountancy research quality in Brazil is partly a reflex from the misconducts assessed by this study.

Tomamos a constituição de um objeto de pesquisa como objeto alvo de nosso estudo. Nosso objetivo foi investigar as possíveis correlações entre a constituição de um objeto de pesquisa e aquilo que, para um pesquisador, permaneceu como não simbolizado, como um enigma que o move e ao qual ele sempre retorna. Para tanto, buscamos responder às seguintes perguntas de pesquisa: 1) Em que medida é possível afirmar que a escrita de um relatório de pesquisa pode funcionar como vetor para tratar enigmas ainda não solucionados? e 2) Considerando o cotejamento das versões de textos de um informante, o que se pode afirmar a respeito da correlação entre suas tentativas de vir a inventar um estilo singular e a constituição de um objeto de pesquisa? O corpus foi constituído de 1134 manuscritos doados por três informantes, nomeadas como Bridget, Cristina e Louise. O material que compõe o corpus é bastante diverso, sendo composto de versões de capítulos de textos acadêmicos (dissertações e tese), resenhas teóricas, anotações, e-mails, trabalhos de disciplina etc. que foram utilizados (e que testemunham o) no percurso de escrita das informantes. Faz parte do banco de dados do projeto coletivo Movimentos do Escrito, do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Produção Escrita e Psicanálise GEPPEP. Utilizamo-nos de um referencial teórico advindo da Educação, da Psicanálise e da Linguística, a partir do qual nos propusemos a discutir a relação que os sujeitos estabelecem com seus objetos (de gozo, amor e pesquisa) e como lidam com o Real (LACAN, 1972-1973). Trabalhar para constituir um objeto de pesquisa pode ter efeitos estruturantes sobre quem realiza esse ato. Oferece a possibilidade de construção de uma nova forma de colocar-se no mundo. Sendo uma satisfação em si, a conquista da constituição de um objeto de pesquisa pode oferecer um modo de proteger alguém do sofrimento psíquico gerado pela impossibilidade de simbolização do trauma do encontro com a sexualidade. Pode ser um modo de lidar com um questionamento insolúvel (um enigma). A constituição de um objeto de pesquisa é uma metáfora e metonímia dos primeiros objetos de amor de uma pessoa, apontando para a constituição de um sinthoma, na acepção de Jacques Lacan. Nessa direção, haveria pelo menos dois caminhos predominantes: um que busca tamponar o Real, seria aquele encontrado por quem busca defesas, como os sonhos e as fantasias; e outro por quem tenta incluir o Real. Trata-se do caminho escolhido por aqueles que buscam formular um sinthoma, inscrever seu nome pela constituição de um objeto de pesquisa, por exemplo. Por meio da análise das versões de textos das informantes, sobretudo, na parte do trabalho dedicado à análise de dados, pudemos constatar que as três terminaram a redação de seus relatórios de pesquisa antes de ter conseguido constituir seus objetos de pesquisa como tal. Isso porque, ao realizar suas análises, tiveram dificuldade de se despir de um imaginário do que seja o texto, bem como de superar o medo de se fazer objeto do outro. / The constitution of a research object was the target of this study. Its aim was to investigate the possible correlations between the constitution of a research object and the thing that, to the researcher, remained as not symbolized, as an enigma that move him and to where he always turns back. In order to do so, the following questions were expected to be answered: 1) To what extent is it possible to assert that a research report writing may work as a vector to deal with enigmas still unsolved? and 2) Considering the comparison of text versions produced by a post-graduation student, what is possible to assert about the correlation between his attempt to invent a singular style and the constitution of a research object? The corpus consisted of 1070 manuscripts donated by three post-graduation researchers, named Bridget, Cristina e Louise. The material that composes the corpus is very diverse, consisting of versions of academic texts chapters (dissertations and theses), theoretical reviews, text notes, e-mails, discipline papers, etc. Such material was used during (and gives evidence of) the students writing path. These manuscripts are part of the database from the collective project Writing Movements, developed by the members of the Group of Studies and Research Written Production and Psychoanalysis GEPPEP (in Portuguese: Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisa Produção Escrita e Psicanálise). The theoretical background employed in this work comes from the fields of Education, Psychoanalysis and Linguistics. From these references, this thesis discusses the relationship that the subjects stablish with their (jouissance, love and research) objects and how they deal with the Real (LACAN, 1972-1973). Working on the constitution of a research object may have structuring effects on the ones who carry out such an effort. It offers the possibility of constructing a new way of placing oneself in the world. Being a kind of satisfaction itself, the conquest of a research object constitution may offer a way of protecting someone from the psychic suffering caused by the impossibility of the symbolization of the encounter with the sexuality trauma. It may be a way of dealing with an unsolvable question (an enigma). The constitution of a research object is a metaphor and a metonymy of the first love objects of someone, pointing to the constitution of a sinthome, in the sense developed by Jacques Lacan. In this direction, there would be at least two predominant ways: one that aims to close the Real, which would be the one found by the one who looks for defenses, like dreams and fantasies; and another that would be found for the ones who attempt to include the Real. The last one is the way chosen for the ones who seek for shaping a sinthome, inscribing ones name through the constitution of a research object, for example. Through the analysis of the students text versions, above all, at the part of the report dedicated to data analysis, it was possible to find out that that all the three students had finished the composition of their research reports before having achieved their research objects as such. It happened because when carrying out their analyses, they faced difficulties in separating themselves of an imaginary about what would be the text, as well as overcoming the fear of making themselves the object of the other.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T19:59:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 14 / Nenhuma / Esta dissertação procura estabelecer conexões – numa dimensão transdisciplinar entre as áreas da Educação, da Biologia e do Direito – entre saberes acadêmicos e populares. Busca-se demonstrar que camponeses que cultivam milho crioulo no município de Anchieta-SC dominam e produzem conhecimento e tecnologia. É feita uma análise de como se caracterizam as atividades dos agricultores quando da seleção, cultivo, classificação e melhoramento das sementes de milho crioulo, evidenciando-se a condição dos mesmos como pesquisadores e detentores de Propriedade Intelectual. Destaca-se a existência de métodos próprios para selecionar e melhorar sementes de milho, aperfeiçoadas durante gerações. Nessas ações há significativas interferências e conflitos de poder exercido por diferentes instituições – como as empresas da biotecnologia e Universidades – que se assumem guardiãs do avanço tecnológico e se encarregam da preservação dos conhecimentos. Não há pretensão de estabelecer qualquer hierarquia entre saberes, mas assegura