Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de Ingeniera Forestal / Las invasiones biológicas generan diversas alteraciones, modificando la estructura y composición de especies en los ecosistemas afectados, además de promover las extinciones locales y generar daños económicos. Un claro ejemplo de ello es la invasión de Rubus ulmifolius en la Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo, la cual se presenta como la especie invasora más difícil de controlar dentro de la reserva. Este estudio tiene por objetivo identificar las condiciones biofísicas y vegetacionales asociadas a la invasión de R. ulmifolius en las zonas ribereñas de la Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo, para generar medidas de control priorizadas que permitan aminorar los efectos de la invasión de dicha especie. Para ello, se caracterizó la invasión de R. ulmifolius en la zona de uso intensivo de la Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo mediante la realización de una Carta de Ocupación de Tierras (COT) y el estudio de 50 parcelas circulares de 78 m2 cada una con la presencia de la especie invasora y 50 parcelas sin la presencia de R. ulmifolius. Se elaboró un modelo de regresión logístico binario que indica cuales son variables biofísicas y vegetacionales que influyen en la presencia de R. ulmifolius. Finalmente, se determinaron zonas prioritarias para el control de la especie, mediante el análisis de las zonas invadidas, conservación de especies nativas y a las necesidades de manejo público que requiere la Reserva.

Memoria para optar al título profesional de: Ingeniero en Recursos Naturales Renovables / El turismo en las Áreas Silvestres Protegidas ha alcanzado un gran desarrollo, lo que trae consigo consecuencias positivas y negativas en el ámbito social, ambiental y económico. Si no se tiene un manejo adecuado de los visitantes se producen impactos negativos como la pérdida de identidad cultural; excesiva dependencia de la actividad turística; y problemas para los recursos naturales. La Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo protege muestras representativas de las provincias biogeográficas de los Andes del Sur y esclerófila chilena, además de la importancia científica, recreativa y educativa que posee; y soporta una gran afluencia de personas debido a la alta demanda por sitios naturales de esparcimiento cercanos a la ciudad. El sitio de merienda “El Maitén” de la reserva es uno de los que presenta mayores problemas derivados del uso público ya que es uno de los más visitados. El presente estudio busca identificar y evaluar los impactos bio-físicos del uso público en el sector “El Maitén” de la Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo, utilizando la metodología para determinar intensidad de uso público en áreas silvestres protegidas propuesta por AMBAR, adaptándola a la realidad de la reserva. Se evaluaron los impactos de los visitantes sobre el sector a través de información en terreno de indicadores de ámbito biótico; físico; ambiental y paisajístico, los que se contrastaron con los estándares establecidos para cada uno. Esto arrojó que la mayoría de los indicadores presenta una condición real medida en terreno mayor a los estándares establecidos, lo que se traduce en un impacto severo para el área. Lo anterior puede tener relación con la brecha existente entre los objetivos de la reserva y la visión de los visitantes sobre éstos. Los visitantes ven a la reserva como un lugar ocasional para el disfrute sin presentar mayor compromiso, lo que contrasta con la visión conservacionista de la administración de la reserva que pretende resguardar los recursos naturales de manera estricta aún cuando se trate de la zona de uso intensivo. / Tourism in Protected Wild Areas has achieved great development, which brings positive and negative consequences in the social, environmental and economic. If there is no proper management of visitors, there are negative impacts such as loss of cultural identity, excessive reliance on tourism, and natural resource problems. The National Reserve "Rio Clarillo" protects representative samples of the biogeographical provinces of the Southern Andes and Chilean sclerophyllous, besides the scientific, recreational and educational importance possessing; and receives a large influx of people due to high demand by natural recreation sites near the city. The picnic site "The Maitén" of the reserve is one that presents major problems of public use as it is one of the most visited. This study seeks to identify and assess the biophysical impacts of public use in the sector "El Maitén" in National Reserve "Río Clarillo", using the methodology for determining intensity of public use in protected areas proposed by AMBAR, adapting to reality of Reserve. The impact of visitors on the sector were evaluated through field information of biotic indicators, physical, environmental and landscape, which were compared to the standards established for each. This showed that most of the indicators presents a real condition - measured in the field - greater than the established standards, resulting in a severe impact for the area. This may be related to the gap between the objectives of the reserve and the vision of visitors on them. Visitors see the Reserve as a occasional place to enjoy without showing greater commitment, which contrasts with the conservationist vision of reserve administration that seeks to safeguard the natural resources strictly still in the case of intensive use area.

A variety of aquatic habitats with different levels of potential predators are available to larval amphibians in Central Amazon rainforest. The anuran community at Reserva Florestal Adolfo Ducke, 25 km east of Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil, was studied to determine which species have eggs and/or larvae in water and how those larvae are distributed in time and space. The temporal and spatial distribution of potential predators as well as abiotic characteristics of these waterbodies were determined simultaneously to test for correlations with the distribution of tadpoles. The distribution of tadpoles was strongly related to fish predation pressure. Several tadpole species were found only in waterbodies with high fish abundance and thus have the ability to survive with fish. Most of these tadpoles were found to be unpalatable in controlled experiments. Unpalatability is the major adaptation allowing the coexistence of tadpoles and fish and is thus a major factor affecting tadpole community composition in this system. Controlled experiments showed that fish do not eat anuran eggs while the tadpoles of Leptodacrylus knudseni and Osteocephalus taurinus ate all types of eggs offered. The percentage of anurans with aquatic oviposition was positively related to fish abundance and negatively related to the occurrence of species of tadpole that ate eggs in experiments. These findings suggest that the present patterns of anuran distribution represent an evolutionary response to predation on the eggs and larvae. Contrary to the models of Heyer et al. (1975) and Wilbur (1984), desiccation and predation-pressure were not the major factors affecting species richness within waterbodies of the RFAD rainforest. In support of the model of Heyer et al. (1975), anuran species richness was correlated with the size of the waterbody. This could be because the size of the waterbody is related to increased complexity and availability of microhabitats. The range of volumes of waterbodies was also found to directly affect species richness of the RFAD community. While predation appeared to have a limited effect on species richness of individual ponds, predation-pressure was found to have a major influence on species composition. Anuran eggs and larvae survived with specific predators by possessing particular survival-traits (e.g. unpalatability and oviposition strategies). However, survival-traits were not effective against all predators in all habitats. The distribution of different predators among ponds provides a patchy environment on a local scale (i.e. within ponds). When combined with the variety of survival-traits exhibited by the anuran species, this spatial patchiness in predation contributes towards species richness within the anuran community of the RFAD rainforest.

Demographic and migration characteristics of riberenos , the largest population group in the Amazon Basin, have been neglected by scholars until recently. This thesis explores the determinants and consequences of migration in the Pacaya-Samina National Reserve (PSNR), northeastern Peruvian Amazon. Our findings suggest that migration reduces the rate of population growth and alters household composition. Logit and probit models show that migration in the area is determined by individual characteristics (i.e., education level of migrants and sibling structure), household factors (i.e., family age-sex composition, kingroup size, age of male head of household, education level of male and female heads of household, illness experience, initial extraction skills, initial non-land assets, and livelihood activity reliance), and community features (land endowments and the presence of a secondary school). Multiple regressions (OLS) further reveal that the household age-sex composition and migration characteristics influence resource use. Migration features seem to be more positively associated with agricultural production and resource extraction, and negatively related with fish production. This research improves our understanding of traditional people in the PSNR area.

Natural protected areas are places intended to protect nature, but it is now accepted that their social impact must be compatible with the ideals of 'sustainable development': they must conserve nature while improving, or at least not injuring, the socio-economic status of human communities. In Mexico, recent conservation policy has emphasized the creation of biosphere reserves, a type of protected area designed as a practical application of the concept of sustainable development. Previous research has shown that in Mexico and elsewhere, such reserves are often created in areas that are environmentally marginal and where, therefore, the lives and livelihoods of inhabitants are precarious at best. This makes the dual challenges of protecting nature and aiding social and economic development particularly acute. This study explores these challenges by considering the socio-economic patterns within protected areas along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt of central Mexico. The study measured sustainable development, as indexed by the Mexican government, at both the regional and local scales, combining census data and interviews with residents in the Sierra Gorda Reserve. This combination of methodologies allowed for a fuller description of the social impacts of protected areas at different scales. The study found that while overall the lives of residents in or near natural protected areas improved steadily between 1990 and 2000, these areas are also characterized by high migration levels and an aging population, which may threaten the future sustainability of these communities. The study concludes by suggesting that migration is a key factor which should be included in Mexico's assessments of sustainable development, and that the concept of a community's social resilience is extremely useful in informing future studies.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1995. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 287-313).

As unidades de conservação (UCs) também podem abrigar populações que nela vivem e dependem do meio em que estão inseridas para o sustento de suas famílias e desenvolvimento de seus modos de vida, o que as caracteriza como comunidades tradicionais. O espaço previsto em lei para que populações que se entendem como tradicionais possam manter seus meios de vida e cultura própria são as Reservas Extrativistas - RESEX - e as Reservas de Desenvolvimento Sustentável - RDS, UCs de Uso Sustentável. As UCs necessitam de uma gestão adequada para que se mantenham cumprindo os objetivos estabelecidos. Para monitorar essa forma de administração foram elaborados métodos de mensuração da efetividade de gestão com aplicação em diferentes áreas protegidas do Mundo. No entanto a categoria de RESEX não possui trabalhos publicados sobre a avaliação de gestão. Não foi feito um estudo em que a opinião das comunidades atendidas por uma RESEX seja levada em consideração neste processo. A presente dissertação adaptou o método de avaliação de gestão de UCs para esta tipologia e a área de aplicação destes conceitos e desenvolvimento da adaptação do método foi a Reserva Extrativista Ilha do Tumba em Cananéia/SP. A coleta de dados foi feita junto aos moradores beneficiados por essa Reserva (Comunidade do Marujá - Ilha do Cardoso e Comunidade do Ariri - parte continental de Cananéia) e Fundação Florestal, instituição estadual responsável pela gestão da UC, que também está sediada em Cananéia/SP. Primeiro foi feito um levantamento de dados qualitativos com entrevistas abertas nas duas comunidades e junto ao órgão gestor, assim como membros da sociedade civil que fazem parte do Conselho da UC. Posteriormente foi elaborado um questionário de avaliação aplicado ao Conselho Deliberativo da RESEX, gestor e equipe técnica da Fundação Florestal e presidentes das associações de bairro do Marujá e Ariri. O questionário foi dividido em duas partes: avaliação da Fundação Florestal, com questões mais amplas sobre o órgão gestor da UC (09 perguntas) e avaliação da RESEX Ilha do Tumba, com questões focadas às questões da UC (22 perguntas). A adaptação do método de avaliação de gestão da RESEX trouxe a percepção dos envolvidos em sua construção, o que resultou em uma ferramenta administrativa palpável à realidade local. Deste modo foi possível encontrar os pontos fracos da gestão da Fundação Florestal e da RESEX de modo participativo. O repasse da pesquisa foi feito nas reuniões do Conselho Deliberativo que ocorrem na comunidade do Marujá e os resultados da avaliação foram apresentados primeiro ao Conselho, antes do final da dissertação. / Protected areas (PAs) can also are home to populations who live and depend on the environment in which they are placed to support their families members and develop their ways of life, which characterizes them as traditional communities. The space provided by law for people who understand ourselves as traditional to keep their livelihoods and their culture are the Extractive Reserves - ER - and Sustainable Development Reserves - SDR, PAs of Sustainable Use. PAs need an appropriate management to stay in compliance with the established objectives. To monitor this administration form were developed measurement methods of the management effectiveness with applications in different protected fields in the world. However, the ER category doesn\'t have published works on its management evaluation. There wasn\'t a study done which communities opinion was taken into account. This dissertation adapted the PA management assessment method for this PA type and the application area of these concepts and development of adaptation of the method was the Extractive Reserve Tomb Island in Cananéia (São Paulo State - Brazil). Data collection was made with the residents benefit from this reserve (Community Marujá - Cardoso Island and Community Ariri - mainland Cananéia) and Forestry Foundation, state institution responsible for the management of PA, which is also based in Cananéia. First a survey was made of qualitative data through open interviews in the two communities and with the government body, as well as members of civil society that are part of the Council of PA. Later, it was prepared an assessment questionnaire to the Advisory Board of ER, manager and technical staff of the Forestry Foundation and presidents of Marujá and Ariri neighborhood associations. The questionnaire was divided into two parts: assessment of Forestry Foundation, with broader questions about the PA governing body (09 questions) and assessment of ER Tomb Island, with questions focused on issues of PA (22 questions). The adaptation of ER management evaluation method brought the perception of those involved in its construction, which resulted in a tangible administrative tool to the local reality. Thus it was possible to find the weaknesses in managing of the Forestry Foundation in a participatory manner. The research feedback session was made in the Board meetings occurring in Marujá community and the evaluation results were presented first to the Council, before the end of the dissertation.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-04-08Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:40:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 manso_jcg_dr_ilha.pdf: 1797560 bytes, checksum: 27c1272d6d4916bb798bc0d05ed927c8 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Ensino Pesquisa e Extensão de Ilha Solteira (FEPISA) / Esta tese visa ao estudo da valorização de serviços ancilares de reserva, particularmente, a reserva utilizada na regulação de freqüência e que é fornecida pelos geradores hidrelétricos. O objetivo principal do trabalho é desenvolver propostas que indiquem os custos reais desses serviços. Na valorização desses custos, busca-se motivar as empresas geradoras para que assumam a responsabilidade pela prestação de tais serviços, assim como garantir uma remuneração apropriada. Essa valorização é realizada em função da disponibilidade e do uso da reserva, sob uma operação segura e econômica do sistema. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, inicialmente se realiza uma revisão das características técnicas e dos métodos de valorização dos serviços de reserva em diferentes sistemas. Posteriormente, ilustram-se as características do setor elétrico brasileiro, com a finalidade de contextualizar a valorização no marco de regulação , comercialização e operação correspondentes. Seguidamente, apresentam-se duas propostas de valorização. A primeira considera o ponto de vista de um agente gerador, cujo objetivo é estabelecer o valor do serviço a partir dos custos incorridos no fornecimento. Esses custos incluem, principalmente, os custos pela disponibilidade e pelo uso do serviço. Dentro desses componentes de custo, destaca-se o custo por perdas de eficiência, o qual é calculado utilizando um algoritmo de despacho ótimo de unidades. Essa abordagem é aplicada no cálculo do custo da reserva na usina hidrelétrica de Ilha Solteira. Nesse cálculo são utilizados dados da Companhia Energética de São Paulo - CESP. A segunda proposta considera o ponto de vista do operador de rede, em um ambiente de mercado, no qual os agentes participantes podem ofertar pela disponibilidade da reserva. Para a atribuição dessa reserva utiliza-se um despacho ótimo hidrelétrico, que inclui rest / This work presents a reserve ancillary services pricing research. Particularly, the reserve that is used for frequency regulation and that is provided by hydroelectric generators. The development of pricing methodologies, that show real reserve delivery costs, is the main target of this project. Ancillary services pricing procures incentives to motivate agents to take responsibilities in the service supply and ensuring an appropriated remuneration. This pricing is based on the use and availability costs of reserve; under an economic and reliable system operation. In order to do that, firstly an overview of technical characteristics and pricing methods of the ancillary services in different systems is presented. Then, in order to fit this pricing methodology to the corresponding regulation, commercialization and operation rules, an introduction of the Brazilian electrical sector is realized. Next, two reserve ancillary services pricing methods are presented. The first one considers a hydraulic generator point of view. In this case, the aim is to set up the real value of the services by mean of a generator costs analysis. These costs include, basically, availability and use costs. Inside these cost components, efficiency costs are highlighted, and a single generator unit commitment dispatch is used to calculate them. This proposal is applied to calculate the ancillary service reserve costs in the Ilha Solteira hydroelectric generator, using data from the Companhia Energ´etica of S˜ao Paulo (CESP). The second pricing method considers the operator system point of view, under a market environment. In these circumstances, agents are free to set up a price offer for the availability of the reserve. To attribute the reserve, an optimal hydroelectric dispatch is used, considering electrical and hydraulic constraints. This methodology is tested in two systems. The first one represents a didactic three bus

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:33:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 3762798 bytes, checksum: 2d9bece20ae4cd2be08532fccebbe2ae (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research discusses the challenges of managing shared in the Extractive Reserve Chico Mendes (Chico Mendes extractive reserve), located in the state of Acre. Officially, the Chico Mendes extractive reserve management is the responsibility of a Management Council, with the participation from the managing agency (ICMBio) by representatives of residents, public agencies and civil society organizations working in the area. Given this configuration of the structure and intent of sharing the management intended to discuss the meaning and effectiveness of this proposal among residents in their relationship with organizations and institutions working in the area. To clarify the effectiveness of this sharing we sought to understand how this RESEX in daily dynamics of socio-institutional interactions and how were the forms of survival of the inhabitants of the Reserve. From the point of view of residents, it was possible to identify the types of organizations active in the area and the role played by them in their day-to-day. The research took place in three stages and was conducted between 2009 and 2010. In the first stage, considered as exploratory phase, characterized as the initial approach, both to managers and agencies with the residents. At this moment presents a documentary analysis of the existing collection in IBAMA on the establishment of extractive reserves and established the first contacts with neighborhood associations. The second step in performing the work of data collection in the field, when, eight rubber RESEX techniques were applied participatory methodologies (mapping and Venn diagram) and made 14 interviews with residents, considered by residents as key people in these areas. The third step was a survey done among the 32 organizations mentioned by the residents of the 87 plantations surveyed. With representatives from these organizations were partially structured interviews. The main results of the survey revealed that, in general, there are difficulties in community organization and income security for families where this is coming from environmentally sustainable activities. The improvement in these conditions would be the precondition for a share of management. Moreover, the managers responsible for the area, one should note the following bounds: size of the area and the intense involvement of other external agents, usually performing actions under the slogan of "promoting sustainable development in the region" without resulting in real gains for residents. This work established the importance and contribution of many of the organizations cited by local residents. However, also found that, despite efforts in the realization of integrated action between the managing agency (ICMBio) and other external agents, in practice, for troubleshooting desired or necessary, there is still great difficulty for effective engagement and autonomous mobilize population. Moreover, despite the strong commitment of the managing agency to strengthen the management of shared and stated intention of his promotion in the Reserve, effectively realized that the methods used by technicians, the managing agency or other organizations, are marked by formality and in some cases, the centralization and authoritarianism. These behaviors imposed methodological hinder the effective participation of residents, which, in most cases, not participate in decisions, or when they do, it happens in a passive or merely advisory. Within moments, the accounts of residents identified a higher level of participation characterized by automobilization. The daily dynamics explained difficulties in communication between the managing agency and the local population. This fact is understandable in that the residents feel uncomfortable with an agency that collects the regulatory functions of police and motivator of social participation in the democratic exercise for obtaining rights. In this difficult articulation in everyday life, the sharing of decisions is compromised. The demobilization and the disinterest of residents reign, where would be the engines of the joints of social change processes. Much less shared, it seems that for now, management is only shared, starting and disconnected. / A presente pesquisa discute os desafios da gestão compartilhada na Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes (RESEX Chico Mendes), localizada no Estado do Acre. Oficialmente, a gestão da RESEX Chico Mendes está sob a responsabilidade de um Conselho Gestor, do qual participam desde o órgão gestor (ICMBio) até representantes dos moradores, de órgãos públicos e de organizações da sociedade civil que atuam na área. Considerando essa configuração dessa estrutura e a intenção do compartilhamento da gestão pretendeu-se problematizar o sentido e a efetividade dessa proposta entre moradores em sua relação com as organizações e instituições públicas atuantes na área. Para esclarecer a efetividade desse compartilhamento buscou-se compreender como funciona esta RESEX, em sua dinâmica cotidiana de interações sócio-institucionais e como eram as formas de sobrevivência dos moradores da Reserva. Sob o ponto de vista dos moradores, foi possível identificar os tipos de organizações atuantes na área e o papel desempenhado por estas em seu dia-a-dia. A pesquisa deu-se em três etapas e foi realizada entre 2009 e 2010. Na primeira etapa, entendida como fase exploratória, caracterizou-se como aproximação inicial, tanto para com os órgãos gestores quanto com os moradores. Nesse momento foi realizada análise documental do acervo existente no IBAMA referente à criação das Reservas Extrativistas e estabeleceu-se os primeiros contatos com associações de moradores. A segunda etapa consistiu na realização do trabalho de levantamento de dados em campo, quando, em oito seringais da RESEX, foram aplicadas técnicas de metodologias participativas (Mapeamento e Diagrama de Venn) e feitas 14 entrevistas com moradores, consideradas pelos moradores como pessoas chave nessas áreas. A terceira etapa consistiu num levantamento feito junto a 32 organizações das 87 mencionadas pelos moradores dos seringais pesquisados. Com representantes dessas organizações foram realizadas entrevistas parcialmente estruturadas. Os principais resultados da pesquisa revelaram que, de modo geral, existem dificuldades na organização comunitária e na garantia de renda para as famílias, quando essa é oriunda de atividades ambientalmente sustentáveis. A melhora nessas condições seria a precondição para um compartilhamento da gestão. Além do mais, para os gestores responsáveis pela área, merecem destaque os seguintes aspectos limitantes: dimensão da área e a intensa atuação de outros agentes externos, geralmente executando ações sob o slogan da promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável da região , sem resultar em ganhos reais para os moradores. A pesquisa permitiu verificar ainda a importância e a contribuição de muitas das organizações locais citadas pelos moradores. Entretanto, também foi verificado que, apesar dos esforços na realização de ações integradas entre o órgão gestor (ICMBio) e demais agentes externos, na prática, para resolução de problemas desejados ou necessários, ainda existe grande dificuldade para uma articulação efetiva, autônoma e mobilizatória da população. Além do mais, apesar do grande empenho do órgão gestor em fortalecer a gestão compartilhada e da intenção declarada de sua promoção na Reserva, efetivamente percebeu-se que os métodos utilizados pelos técnicos, do órgão gestor ou de outras organizações, são marcados pela formalidade e, em alguns casos, pela centralização e autoritarismo. Essas condutas metodológicas instituídas dificultam uma efetiva participação dos moradores, os quais, na maioria das vezes, não participam das decisões, ou quando o fazem, ela acontece na forma passiva ou apenas consultiva. Em poucos momentos, os relatos dos moradores permitiram identificar um nível mais alto de participação caracterizado pela automobilização. A dinâmica cotidiana explicitou dificuldades na comunicação estabelecida entre o órgão gestor e a população local. Esse fato é compreensível na medida em que os moradores se sentem pouco à vontade com um órgão gestor que acumula as funções de regulação, de polícia e de agente motivador da participação social no exercício democrático para obtenção de direitos. Nessa difícil articulação, no cotidiano, o compartilhamento das decisões fica comprometido. A desmobilização e o desinteresse dos moradores reinam, onde deveriam ser os motores das articulações sociais de processos de mudança. Muito menos que compartilhada, tudo indica que, por enquanto, a gestão é apenas partilhada, partida e desconectada.

Memoria para optar al Título Profesional de: Ingeniero en Recursos Naturales Renovables / El turismo en las Áreas Silvestres Protegidas ha alcanzado un gran desarrollo, lo que trae consigo consecuencias positivas y negativas en el ámbito social, ambiental y económico. Si no se tiene un manejo adecuado de los visitantes se producen impactos negativos como la pérdida de identidad cultural; excesiva dependencia de la actividad turística; y problemas para los recursos naturales. La Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo protege muestras representativas de las provincias biogeográficas de los Andes del Sur y esclerófila chilena, además de la importancia científica, recreativa y educativa que posee; y soporta una gran afluencia de personas debido a la alta demanda por sitios naturales de esparcimiento cercanos a la ciudad. El sitio de merienda “El Maitén” de la reserva es uno de los que presenta mayores problemas derivados del uso público ya que es uno de los más visitados. El presente estudio busca identificar y evaluar los impactos bio-físicos del uso público en el sector “El Maitén” de la Reserva Nacional Río Clarillo, utilizando la metodología para determinar intensidad de uso público en áreas silvestres protegidas propuesta por AMBAR, adaptándola a la realidad de la reserva. Se evaluaron los impactos de los visitantes sobre el sector a través de información en terreno de indicadores de ámbito biótico; físico; ambiental y paisajístico, los que se contrastaron con los estándares establecidos para cada uno. Esto arrojó que la mayoría de los indicadores presenta una condición real medida en terreno mayor a los estándares establecidos, lo que se traduce en un impacto severo para el área. Lo anterior puede tener relación con la brecha existente entre los objetivos de la reserva y la visión de los visitantes sobre éstos. Los visitantes ven a la reserva como un lugar ocasional para el disfrute sin presentar mayor compromiso, lo que contrasta con la visión conservacionista de la administración de la reserva que pretende resguardar los recursos naturales de manera estricta aún cuando se trate de la zona de uso intensivo. / Tourism in Protected Wild Areas has achieved great development, which brings positive and negative consequences in the social, environmental and economic. If there is no proper management of visitors, there are negative impacts such as loss of cultural identity, excessive reliance on tourism, and natural resource problems. The National Reserve "Rio Clarillo" protects representative samples of the biogeographical provinces of the Southern Andes and Chilean sclerophyllous, besides the scientific, recreational and educational importance possessing; and receives a large influx of people due to high demand by natural recreation sites near the city. The picnic site "The Maitén" of the reserve is one that presents major problems of public use as it is one of the most visited. This study seeks to identify and assess the biophysical impacts of public use in the sector "El Maitén" in National Reserve "Río Clarillo", using the methodology for determining intensity of public use in protected areas proposed by AMBAR, adapting to reality of Reserve. The impact of visitors on the sector were evaluated through field information of biotic indicators, physical, environmental and landscape, which were compared to the standards established for each. This showed that most of the indicators presents a real condition - measured in the field - greater than the established standards, resulting in a severe impact for the area. This may be related to the gap between the objectives of the reserve and the vision of visitors on them. Visitors see the Reserve as a occasional place to enjoy without showing greater commitment, which contrasts with the conservationist vision of reserve administration that seeks to safeguard the natural resources strictly still in the case of intensive use area.