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This qualitative study illustrates the Romanian Roma migration within the framework of the principle free movement in connection to Hannah Arendt’s concept political action. Political action is the main ability of human beings, namely to act, which takes place among people in the public realm to create power. This will be studied in conjunction with the migration as an enactment of rights. The study presents the increasing migration towards Sweden and Western Europe within the free movement, areas of discrimination in Romania concerning the minority group as well as articles with portraits of Romanian Roma migrants. With inspiration from both discourse analysis and content analysis the aim was to study the chosen texts and understand the migration in light of Arendt’s concept. The conclusion is that the migration of the minority group can be claimed to be a political action since the group can be argued to act together as a collective in the public realm to be recognised. Romanian Roma migrants also need political action to regain their ability to act which has been lost, and to act for improvement as an enactment of rights.

Our future is more uncertain than ever as a result of myriad environmental problems that require communal responses. In order to build resilient communities and to increase the effectiveness of planned changes to built environments, it is crucial to involve local communities throughout the decision-making processes. However, in Romania, the traditions of top-down governance from its communist period still hold sway among elected leaders - and, in some cases, its citizens. This is problematic because scholars have argued that top-down approaches to environment-related projects are more likely to fail than bottom-up initiatives that are more inclusive of community interests. This begs the question: How can we more meaningfully involve and empower the citizens in Romania? In order to help address that question, I examined four factors that might affect the place-related actions that individuals are willing to take in the post-communist state of Romania: the amount of social capital a place has (Predescu 2020; Lewicka 2005), the quality of participation infrastructure available to the place (Nabatchi and Leighninger 2015), the levels of trust in local authorities at that place (Badescu and Uslaner 2004), and the perceived levels of political efficacy they have (Manzo and Perkins 2006). Using Photovoice methodology, I heard from 22 individuals who feel a connection with the town of Targoviste, Romania about their experience with place-related actions in Targoviste and how historical traditions and legacies from communist times have constrained their ability to be involved in place-related decision-making actions. The results illustrate that the lack of participation infrastructure, the low quality of social capital, the lack of trust in the local authorities, and the feelings of low political efficacy were identified by highly-attached study participants as major barriers to taking place-related actions in the town of Targoviste, Romania. Participants expressed a desire to have a more meaningful role in decision-making processes related to the town’s-built environment, and contended that involving the community in such processes would benefit the overall quality of life in the community.

There are a broad range of businesses available in the modern economy we live in. Family businesses can simply be explained as a business firm or company in which most of the employees that are present are family members. With the help of family businesses present in the global economy, many new startups are recognized and boosted with the help of family firms. Family businesses play a major role in the European economy where statistics show that nearly 55% of the total company’s present are family businesses. Hence the problem arises from the introduction of nonfamily members in the family business. Due to various reasons, many family firms are not able to keep their staff strictly consisting of family members. Then comes the question of hiring nonfamily members into a family business. Hence this research will help firstly with the overall understanding of family firms and secondly how these firms approach the recruiting process for nonfamily members for them to be a long-lasting team player. The sample chosen in this research belongs to Romania. I chose the country of Romania because of my own nationality and because of my desire to understand the Romanian economy better. Eight interviews were carried out with personnel from 3 different firms, 3 founders and 5 nonfamily members. For this research, data was collected through the case study method, a qualitative methodology. At the last part of the study, the findings are explained in such a way which give a complete idea about what strategies do family-workers implement to hire and retain nonfamily workers and the opinion of these regarding the subject as a part of their team.

This study examines the Socialist Republic of Romania as a Stalinist state which employs a personality cult. The leader of a state is the focus of a personality cult, but he does not enjoy the status it gives without consent from elsewhere within the government. In order to determine where this power comes from, three possible sources are discussed. These are: Nicolae Ceausescu, president of Romania; the state bureaucracy; and the people. The Soviet Union, during the time of Stalin, is used as a comparative element. When Nicolae Ceausescu came to power he did so with the consent of the elite. As the Romanian elite are less inclined to support his policies, Ceausescu has had to continually take steps to stay ahead of the opposition. The Romanian people also lent their support to Ceausescu earlier, and have since become discontented with the regime. This study concludes that a leader with a personality cult must have some form of consent to come into power, but his personal characteristics will determine how he leads and whether or not he will be able to remain in power if that consent is withdrawn. / M.A.

No / This project seeks to address the lack of geomagnetic field data for the territory of Romania by sampling and analysing burnt archaeological features and sediments. The aim of this paper is to present the initial directional results and some magnetic mineralogical determinations from five features sampled during the first field season. Representative examples of directional and magnetic mineralogical analyses are presented, and dates are obtained using the REN-DATE software [Lanos, P., Kovacheva, M., Chauvin, A., 1999. Archaeomagnetism, methodology and applications: implementation and practice of the archaeomagnetic method in France and Bulgaria. Journal of European Archaeology, 2, 365¿392] and the published moving window averaged data from Hungary [Ma´rton, P., 2003. Recent achievements in archaeomagnetism in Hungary. Geophysical Journal International 153(3), 675¿690]. A comparison is made of the data obtained in this study with the published directional data from Bulgaria, Hungary and Ukraine.

Abstract This thesis investigates Romania’s response to the Russia-Ukraine war, focusing on the discourse surrounding sovereignty, the limitations of military power, and the potential for diplomatic alternatives. The study critically analyzes Romanian media coverage and political statements to explore how sovereignty is framed in the context of the conflict and examines the efficacy of military power versus non-military diplomatic strategies. Through a qualitative content analysis of selected Romanian news articles and official communications, the research identifies key themes and narratives that shape Romania’s stance on the conflict. The findings reveal a complex relationship between national security concerns, historical ties, and international diplomatic pressures. Moreover, the study highlights the constraints and costs associated with military power projection and underscores the importance of diplomatic avenues in mitigating conflict. By providing a comprehensive understanding of Romania’s position and proposing diplomatic strategies as viable alternatives to militarism, this thesis contributes to broader discussions on international relations and conflict resolution. The study also addresses methodological limitations, including potential biases in source selection and translation challenges.

This thesis investigates the dynamics of knowledge transfer between cultures within multinational firms, with a particular emphasis on subsidiaries located in Sweden and Romania. This study investigates how subsidiaries adjust corporate knowledge to fit local cultural contexts through semi-structured interviews with participants from a range of sectors. It also looks at the wider effects of these changes on organizational knowledge transfer processes. The research methodology used is qualitative research.   The data indicates that local cultural and regulatory variations have an impact on knowledge transfer tactics. Different techniques to integrating and adjusting corporate knowledge are shown by companies in Sweden and Romania, which reflect different operational and cultural contexts. The results show how subsidiaries improve their strategic positioning and operational efficacy within the multinational framework by utilizing both local and global advantages.   The study's methodology involves using thematic analysis to analyze the gathered interview data in order to provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying cross-cultural knowledge transfer. The main results suggest that the effectiveness of knowledge transfer is heavily dependent upon the ability to navigate and incorporate local cultural characteristics alongside international standards.   By offering empirical insights into the difficulties and methods of knowledge transfer within Eastern European contexts, which are less studied than those in the West, this study adds to the body of literature already in existence. Additionally, it has useful ramifications for global firms looking to maximize knowledge management in various cultural contexts.

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