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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Dentalne erozije i karijesne promene kod pacijenata na dugogodišnjoj inhalatornoj terapiji / Dental erosions and caries lesions in patients on long-term inhalation therapy

Velicki-Bozejac Branislava 25 November 2016 (has links)
<p>Uvod: Astma i hronična opstruktivna bolest pluća (HOBP) najče&scaron;će su hronične respiratorne bolesti u čijoj terapiji prednost imaju inhalatorni lekovi. Pacijenti na inhalatornoj terapiji imaju povećan rizik od nastanka dentalnih erozija i karijesnih lezija, usled promena u količini lučenja pljuvačke i njene pH vrednosti. Cilj: Cilj ovog istraživanja je verifikacija dentalnih erozija i karijesnih lezija kod pacijenata s astmom i hroničnom opstruktivnom bolesti pluća, koji koriste inhalatornu terapiju. Materijal i metode rada: Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 80 ispitanika, životne dobi od 18 do 65 godina. Eksperimentalnu grupu sačinjavalo je 40 ispitanika, s dijagnostikovanom astmom ili hroničnom opstruktivnom bolesti pluća, koji uzimaju inhalatornu terapiju duže od 5 godina. Kontrolnu grupu činilo je 40 zdravih ispitanika istog godi&scaron;ta i pola kao u eksperimentalnoj grupi. Upitnik se koristio za prikupljanje podataka o osnovnom oboljenju, simptomima koji se mogu javiti kao nuspojave inhalatornih lekova, navikama, ishrani i održavanju oralne higijene. Kliničkim stomatolo&scaron;kim pregledom određeni su erozivni indeks, KEP indeks, indeks krvarenja iz interdentalne gingive i indeks mekih naslaga na zubima. Laboratorijskim ispitivanjem određeni su količina izlučene nestimulisane pljuvačke, te pH vrednost i koncentracije kalcijuma i fosfata u pljuvački. Rezultati: Kod pacijenata na inhalatornoj terapiji ustanovljena je vi&scaron;a prevalencija dentalnih erozija i karijesnih lezija, te vi&scaron;e vrednosti indeksa krvarenja iz interdentalne gingive i indeksa mekih naslaga na zubima, u odnosu na ispitanike kontrolne grupe. U eksperimentalnoj grupi ispitanika količina i pH vrednosti nestimulisane pljuvačke su statistički značajno niže u odnosu na ista obeležja kontrolne grupe. Vrednosti koncentracije kalcijuma u pljuvački između ispitivanih grupa se ne razlikuju statistički značajno. Vrednosti koncentracije fosfata u eksperimentalnoj grupi ispitanika su statistički značajno vi&scaron;e nego u kontrolnoj grupi ispitanika. Zaključak: Pacijenti na inhalatornoj terapiji spadaju u grupu osoba s visokim rizikom od nastanka dentalnih erozija i karijesnih lezija. Uvođenje lokalne strategije preventivnih mera, te uspostavljanje međusobne saradnje stomatologa i lekara &ndash; pulmologa, dovelo bi do očuvanja i unapređenja zdravlja zuba kod pacijenata na inhalatornoj terapiji.</p> / <p>Introduction: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are predominant chronic respiratory diseases in whose treatment a priority is given to inhalation drugs. The patients receiving inhalation therapy are at an increased risk of dental erosion and caries lesions due to changes in the amount of salivary flow rate and its pH value. Objective: The study objective was to investigate the prevalence of dental erosion and caries lesions in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who use inhalation therapy. Materials and methods: The study included 80 participants between the age of 18 and 65. The experimental group comprised of 40 participants previously diagnosed with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing inhalation therapy for more than 5 years. The control group involved 40 healthy participants of the same age and gender status as those in the experimental group. The questionnaire was designed to collect informations on underlying disease, symptoms that can occur as side effects of inhaled drugs, habits, dietary and oral hygiene habits. The clinical dental examination established the basic erosive wear examination (BEWE index), DMFT index, papilla bleeding index (PBI) and dental plaque index. The laboratory investigation comprised measurements of the salivary flow rates of non-stimulated saliva, pH value and calcium and phosphate concentrations in the saliva. Results: The subjects receiving inhalation therapy were found to have a higher prevalence of dental erosion and caries lesion as well as higher mean papilla bleeding index scores and mean plaque index scores in comparison to the control group. In the experimental group, the mean value of the salivary flow rate and pH value were lower as compared to the control group. Calcium concentrations in the saliva were similar in both groups, but the results were not statistically significant. However, phosphate concentration was statistically significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Conclusion: The patients undergoing inhalation therapy have a high risk of dental erosion and caries lesion. The introduction of local strategy of preventive dental care and establishing mutual cooperation between dentists and pulmonary specialists would contribute to the promotion and preservation of the dental health in the patients on inhalation therapy.</p>
12

Avaliação somestésica, gustativa e olfativa durante o ciclo menstrual / Somesthetic, gustatory and olfactory assessment during the menstrual cycle

Alves, Bruna 26 January 2017 (has links)
A diferença da percepção álgica entre homens e mulheres é, há muito, conhecida e documentada na literatura. Sabe-se também que a sensibilidade feminina varia durante o ciclo menstrual, o que levou à hipótese de que os hormônios ovarianos poderiam estar envolvidosnesse processo. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os limiares de sensibilidade somestésica (térmica, dolorosa, tátil, vibratória e elétrica), gustativa e olfativa durante o ciclo menstrual de mulheres saudáveis e a sua relação com as concentrações dos hormônios estrógeno e progesterona na saliva. Foram avaliadas 39 mulheres com idade entre 19 e 47 anos, com ciclos menstruais regulares e sem morbidades associadas à dor. Todas as mulheres foram orientadas quanto aos propósitos desta pesquisa, e somente participaram do estudo aquelas que preencheram os critérios de inclusão e assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. A avaliação foi realizada em três momentos do ciclo menstrual: fase menstrual, fase folicular e fase lútea. Em cada uma dessas fases foram utilizados os seguintes métodos: coleta da saliva no início de cada sessão, para avaliação dos níveis hormonais; avaliação de fluxo salivar; avaliação sensitiva superficial (dor, tato - IITC Woodland Hills, EUA; frio, calor - MSA II e vibratórios - Somedic, Suécia) aplicada na região do ramo maxilar do nervo trigêmeo e na região do antebraço, ambas no lado direito da paciente; e avaliação das sensibilidades gustativa (doce - glicose, salgado - cloreto de sódio, azedo - ácido cítrico e amargo - ureia) e olfativa (isopropanol em diferentes concentrações). Foram observadas oscilações sensitivas em todas as modalidades de acordo com o momento do ciclo menstrual das mulheres avaliadas, sendo que níveis baixos de estrógeno se associaram a altos limiares de dor de profundidade no braço (p=0,008) e na face (p=0,041), altos limiares táteis (p=0,001) e álgicos superficiais (p=0,006) na face. Em contrapartida, altos níveis de progesterona se associaram a altos limiares de dor de profundidade na face (p=0,033) e altos limiares do sabor salgado (p < 0,001). Concluímos que o estrógeno e a progesterona estão envolvidos na neuromodulação da sensibilidade somestésica, gustativa e olfativa de mulheres, durante o ciclo menstrual / There is a sexual difference on pain perception that is supported by the scientific literature. Moreover, sexual hormones seem to be involved in the modulation of sensory detection and there is evidence of sensory variation during the menstrual cycle. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the somatosensory (thermal, painful, tactile, vibratory and electric), gustatory (salty, bitter, sweet, sour) and olfactory thresholds during the menstrual cycle in healthy women and verify association with saliva concentration of estradiol and progesterone. We evaluated 39 women aged between 19 and 47 years, with regular menstrual cycles and with no comorbidities related to pain.All women were instructed about the purposes of the study and only those that signed the informed consent were included. The evaluation wasperformed in three moments of the cycle: menstrual phase, follicular phase and luteal phase. In each of these stages, the following methods were used: saliva collection at the beginning of each session, to assess hormone levels; salivary flow measurement; somatosensory evaluation with quantitative sensory testing (pain, tactile - IITC Woodland Hills, USA; cold and warm - MSA II; and vibration - Somedic, Sweden) applied to the right maxillary branch region of the trigeminal nerve and right forearm region; and gustative (sweet - glucose, salt - sodium chloride, sour - citric acid and bitter - urea) and olfactory (isopropanol at different concentrations) thresholds. All sensory thresholds showed fluctuation during the menstrual cycle. Lower estrogen levels were correlated tohigher deep pain thresholds at the forearm (p=0.008) and face (p=0.041); they were also associated with higher tactile thresholds (p=0.001) and higher superficial pain (p=0.006) thresholds at face.High levels of progesterone were associated with high deep pain threshold at the face and high salty threshold (p < 0.001). In conclusion, estrogen and progesterone seems to be involved in sensory neuromodulation in women, during the menstrual cycle
13

Avaliação somestésica, gustativa e olfativa durante o ciclo menstrual / Somesthetic, gustatory and olfactory assessment during the menstrual cycle

Bruna Alves 26 January 2017 (has links)
A diferença da percepção álgica entre homens e mulheres é, há muito, conhecida e documentada na literatura. Sabe-se também que a sensibilidade feminina varia durante o ciclo menstrual, o que levou à hipótese de que os hormônios ovarianos poderiam estar envolvidosnesse processo. Assim, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar os limiares de sensibilidade somestésica (térmica, dolorosa, tátil, vibratória e elétrica), gustativa e olfativa durante o ciclo menstrual de mulheres saudáveis e a sua relação com as concentrações dos hormônios estrógeno e progesterona na saliva. Foram avaliadas 39 mulheres com idade entre 19 e 47 anos, com ciclos menstruais regulares e sem morbidades associadas à dor. Todas as mulheres foram orientadas quanto aos propósitos desta pesquisa, e somente participaram do estudo aquelas que preencheram os critérios de inclusão e assinaram o termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. A avaliação foi realizada em três momentos do ciclo menstrual: fase menstrual, fase folicular e fase lútea. Em cada uma dessas fases foram utilizados os seguintes métodos: coleta da saliva no início de cada sessão, para avaliação dos níveis hormonais; avaliação de fluxo salivar; avaliação sensitiva superficial (dor, tato - IITC Woodland Hills, EUA; frio, calor - MSA II e vibratórios - Somedic, Suécia) aplicada na região do ramo maxilar do nervo trigêmeo e na região do antebraço, ambas no lado direito da paciente; e avaliação das sensibilidades gustativa (doce - glicose, salgado - cloreto de sódio, azedo - ácido cítrico e amargo - ureia) e olfativa (isopropanol em diferentes concentrações). Foram observadas oscilações sensitivas em todas as modalidades de acordo com o momento do ciclo menstrual das mulheres avaliadas, sendo que níveis baixos de estrógeno se associaram a altos limiares de dor de profundidade no braço (p=0,008) e na face (p=0,041), altos limiares táteis (p=0,001) e álgicos superficiais (p=0,006) na face. Em contrapartida, altos níveis de progesterona se associaram a altos limiares de dor de profundidade na face (p=0,033) e altos limiares do sabor salgado (p < 0,001). Concluímos que o estrógeno e a progesterona estão envolvidos na neuromodulação da sensibilidade somestésica, gustativa e olfativa de mulheres, durante o ciclo menstrual / There is a sexual difference on pain perception that is supported by the scientific literature. Moreover, sexual hormones seem to be involved in the modulation of sensory detection and there is evidence of sensory variation during the menstrual cycle. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the somatosensory (thermal, painful, tactile, vibratory and electric), gustatory (salty, bitter, sweet, sour) and olfactory thresholds during the menstrual cycle in healthy women and verify association with saliva concentration of estradiol and progesterone. We evaluated 39 women aged between 19 and 47 years, with regular menstrual cycles and with no comorbidities related to pain.All women were instructed about the purposes of the study and only those that signed the informed consent were included. The evaluation wasperformed in three moments of the cycle: menstrual phase, follicular phase and luteal phase. In each of these stages, the following methods were used: saliva collection at the beginning of each session, to assess hormone levels; salivary flow measurement; somatosensory evaluation with quantitative sensory testing (pain, tactile - IITC Woodland Hills, USA; cold and warm - MSA II; and vibration - Somedic, Sweden) applied to the right maxillary branch region of the trigeminal nerve and right forearm region; and gustative (sweet - glucose, salt - sodium chloride, sour - citric acid and bitter - urea) and olfactory (isopropanol at different concentrations) thresholds. All sensory thresholds showed fluctuation during the menstrual cycle. Lower estrogen levels were correlated tohigher deep pain thresholds at the forearm (p=0.008) and face (p=0.041); they were also associated with higher tactile thresholds (p=0.001) and higher superficial pain (p=0.006) thresholds at face.High levels of progesterone were associated with high deep pain threshold at the face and high salty threshold (p < 0.001). In conclusion, estrogen and progesterone seems to be involved in sensory neuromodulation in women, during the menstrual cycle

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