Föreliggande studie syftar till att undersöka hur litteratursamtal i grundskolans mellanår l kan se ut i klassrumspraktiken. Det övergripande syftet konkretiseras i de två forskningsfrågorna ”Vilka samtalsgenrer kan identifieras utifrån samtalsfrågornas karaktär?” och ”Vilka interaktionsmönster kan urskiljas i samtalen?”. Metoden för datainsamling är kvalitativ och utgörs av klassrumsobservationer. Det empiriska materialet analyseras därefter utifrån en teoretisk plattform som utgår från ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på lärande samt utifrån tidigare resultat inom det forskningsfält som berör dialogicitet, interaktionsmönster och samtalsfrågors olika karaktär. Studiens resultat visar att det både förekommer öppna, autentiska och slutna frågor i de flesta av litteratursamtalen och att samtalen inte alltid kan relateras till endast en samtalsgenre. Därtill visar dessa samtal på tendenser till både ett dialogiskt och monologiskt samtalsklimat. Studien belyser flera olika exempel på hur litteratursamtal kan se ut i praktiken, samt skillnader i upplägg och innehåll inom dessa. Gemensamt för de studerade samtalen är dock att de alla utgår från huvudfrågor som läraren formulerar.

The study is based on a qualitative research which aims to investigate the discussions that can be identified from teachers' questions, in connection with the discussion of fiction and non- fiction text. This has been done by examining different speech genres that occurs in the discussions as well as the text movability that teachers encourage. The data was collected through observations and interviews. The first part of the study showed that teachers dominated the discussions on the basis of a specific speech genre but at the same time they showed elements of other genres. We identified that the most occurring genres was the teaching Examination and Text Oriented Talk, both for discussions of fiction and non-fiction texts. The speech genres that occurred less were the Culturally Oriented Talk and Informal Book Talk, particularly in the non-fiction texts were they did not occurred in the discussions. The study also reveals that both rhetorical and non-rhetorical questions were used by teachers throughout the discussions of fiction and non-fiction texts. The teachers questions has been shown to be important for how the discussions were formed and this indicates that an awareness of the issues are of high relevance. This awareness was something that many teachers appeared to lack. Furthermore the study shows that the teachers' purpose in text conversations have a crucial importance for the calls that were executed, both in the fiction and non-fiction conversations. It can therefore be concluded that the results of how to talk about texts in fiction and nonfiction largely consistent. The second part of the study showed that text movability included summarize and to draw out main points in the text to a greater extent encouraged by the teachers through their issues associated to the discussions for non-fiction text. When it comes to the literary conversations the study showed that the teachers issues regarding the act itself did not allow the students to summarize the whole text. What was also part of the text movability was to talk about words and concepts more prominent in discussions of non-fiction texts. Related to the discussions on non fiction the teachers asked issues to a greater extent about new words and concepts compared to the issuses that were asked about the literary texts. Regarding associative movability connected to prevoius experiences, the issues occurring to this type of discussions from the teachers questions regarding both literary texts and non-fiction texts. Finally, we can conclude that our results differed regarding what type of text movability teachers encouraged to discussions on fiction and non-fiction texts.

The study is based on qualitative research which aimed to show how four teachers interact in book talks with the students i connection with Swedish lessons in first grade. The study has focused on teachers´ questions to analyze the types of conversational genres that arise in connection with book talks in first grade.  Data was collected through interviews and observations. The interviews and observations were made at a school in the county of Stockholm. Four teachers´ Swedish lessons were observed and they were interviewed about how they describe and explain their use of book talks in Swedish lessons. Hultin´s categorization for speech genres and rhetorical and non-rhetorical questions´ (2006) served as main theoretical frameworks for analyzing the empirical material. From the interviews, I have come to the conclusion that the teachers are aware of different speech genres, and they use rhetorical and non-rhetorical questions for different purposes. The results of the study show that, depending on their purpose with book talk, teachers use different conversational genres.  The reults of the study show that a conversational genre dominated in the book talks that were examined but they also showed elements of other genres to a certain extent. It appears that two conversational genres were dominant in the teaching of teachers, that is, the teaching examination and the text oriented talk. On the other hand the culturally oriented talk and the informal book talk only appeared as compliments to the dominant genres. The study shows that teachers´ awareness of these genres is of great importance for developing the pupils´ reflective minds and skills.

The aim of this dissertation is to analytically discern different conversational genres within the teaching of literature, organized within the framework of the two school subjects in which Swedish is taught in upper secondary school, and to place this teaching of literature in a historical context by relating it to different conceptions of the Swedish subject. To be able to achieve this aim, a curriculum studies approach is combined with an ethnographical one. The ethnographical part of the study was conducted as a classroom study, including five different classes and teachers talking about literature, which took place during the school year 2003/2004 at three different schools in the middle of demographical Sweden. This part of the study also involved qualitative interviews with teachers and students concerning different factors which might have an effect on these conversations. The conversations of the study can be described as a part of the every-day-life of the teaching of those subjects, as the teachers organised these conversations in a way that they usually organise conversations of literature in their classes. However, what the teachers meant by talking about literature appeared to differ among them so radically that these conversations could be analytically discerned as four different conversational genres: The Teaching Examination, Text Oriented Talk, Culturally Oriented Talk, and Informal Book Talk. These four conversational genres are possible to analytically discern using the didactical tool, the analysis of conversational genres, which is developed in the dissertation in relation to Michail Bakhtin’s theory of speech genres. The curriculum part of the study comprises an analysis in three steps to place the teaching of literature in a historical context. In the first step national syllabuses for the subjects Swedish and Swedish as a second language are analysed. In the second step local syllabuses for the subjects are analysed. Finally, in the third step, the teachers’ thoughts, deliberations and ideals forming their teaching of literature are analysed. The teaching where conversational genres have been analytically discerned could then be related to different conceptions of the subject Swedish: Swedish as a Higher Subject of Bildung, Swedish as a Proficiency Subject, and Swedish as an Experience-based Subject. The analyses and discussions in the dissertation contribute to the discussions in the field of Subject-Didactics on the role of literature and conversation within the subjects of Swedish and Swedish as a Second language. Another contribution of the dissertation is the didactical tool, the analysis of conversational genres, which might be used by researchers and teachers for analysis and reflection on conversations in teaching.