The purpose of this work is indicating System Dynamics Approach to be an appropriate tool for analysis of policies suggested for local sectors. Local sectors are very important for stability of the country&rsquo / s economy as well as welfare of the local community. Therefore, feasible and effective policies should be created and implemented in order to contribute to the local sectoral development. But before any policy implementation, policy analysis is required on to evaluate whether effectiveness and feasibility would be ensured in alternative policies. In this study, firstly the issues of Local Sectoral Dynamics and Policies are examined and specifically, the situation in Alanya Tourism Sector is studied. Afterwards, in accordance with policy analysis steps, problems of Alanya Tourism Sector are detailed and alternative policies that would aid in solution of the problem are idenfined. For evaluation of alternative policies, Dynamics of Alanya Tourism Sector are modeled by System Dynamics approach and the &lsquo / Formal Model&rsquo / is implemented in Stella 9.0.1. The model is simulated for all policy alternatives and the policy outcomes of each alternative are forecasted. Finally the performance of each policy are evaluated using the previously established criteria and combined policies having more superior outcomes than the present ones are created.

The managing concept of improving quality of work life has attracted attention of the researchers and practical managers gradually. The purpose of this study is to apply this concept on disposal of real estates by public and private sectors. Through discussion of relevant literature and experimental surveys, we used registrars of land administration authorities and land administration clerks of Land Administration Personnel¡¦s Association as subjects. The variables are quality of work life (including measurement perspectives such as learning development, dignity in work, nature of job, evaluation on promotion, working environment, salary and bonus, family leisure, and interpersonal interaction), attribute of individuals, city and county, and job satisfaction (including internal satisfaction, external satisfaction and overall satisfaction). In this study, the real estate operators¡¦ quality of work life, job satisfaction and the correlation between them were discussed. The return rate of questionnaires was 93% in this study. We carried out our study based on the 374 valid questionnaires with the descriptive statistical analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample T-test, one-way ANOVA analysis and Pearson¡¦s product moment correlation analysis. The important results of our research are as the following: 1.The average of quality of work life and job satisfaction is higher than the median value. This indicates that the real estate operators in both the public and private sectors recognized their perceptual experience in quality of work life and were quite satisfied with their jobs. While marriage, age and educational degree of the real estate operators in the public sector might create appreciable differences in their perceptual experience in quality of work life. 2.Differences between public and private sectors and between city and county and analysis on such differences: With respect to the perceptual experience in quality of work life and the overall job satisfaction, both the public and private sectors and the city and county have a degree of satisfaction above average. However, in terms of the degree of satisfaction, the private sector is higher than the public sector; Kaohsiung County is higher than Kaohsiung City. The parts that got the highest points and had the same perspective are nature of job and learning development. The part getting the lower points and having consistent perspective is family leisure. However, evaluation on promotion is the part in which the public sector had the lowest perceptual experience. In private sector, the lowest perceptual experience fell in salary and bonus. 3.Correlation between quality of work life and job satisfaction: In the public sector, the highest positive correlation exists between interpersonal interaction and the overall job satisfaction. In the private sector, the highest positive correlation is between family leisure and the overall job satisfaction. Based on the study results and the review of literature, we submit some suggestions on policies to public and private real estate dealers and their competent authorities, real estate operators at the basic level, and subsequent researchers for their reference in practical management.

<p>Abstract</p><p>The thesis investigates how the European Union promotes stability and security in the Mediterranean region. The aim is to analyse the European Union’s security ambitions with Euro-Mediterranean Partnership, the Barcelona Process. An analytical framework with five sectors (military, political, economic, environmental and societal), based on the Copenhagen School’s theories about security sectors and securitization, is used for the analysis. Within the framework threats, objectives and methods are categorized into each security sector. Then it is possible to distinguish if any sector is more prioritised by the EU. Qualitative text analysis is used to examine relevant EU-documents. The result of the analysis shows that the European Union prioritizes the economical and societal sector in promoting peace and security within the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership. Through economical integration and cultural dialogue, the EU tries to enhance security and stability. The EU emphasises the importance of global governance and international law for a stable peace. The study concludes that the widened concept of security, within the Copenhagen School, can help to explain the European Union’s work inside the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership.</p>

This dissertation focuses on trends in pay inequality in the formal sectors of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile from the early 1990s into the latter part of the first decade of the new millennium. In-depth, single-country studies of inequality of each country of study seek to understand and explain the sources of movement in inequality in each country, relating changes in inequality to shifts in the relative roles of key economic sectors and geographic jurisdictions. In addition to these single-country studies of inequality, this dissertation develops a regional perspective on the dynamics of inequality by synthesizing findings from the three countries of study, identifying both commonalities and differences. This dissertation also evaluates the relationship between trends in inequality and the macroeconomic policies and factors that influence them. By eschewing the inequality of household incomes and focusing instead on measures of inequality in the underlying distribution of pay, this dissertation presents empirical evidence that fluctuations in countries' inequality levels are intrinsically related to macroeconomic factors. This dissertation applies Theil's T statistic, which belongs to the family of generalized entropy inequality measures, to develop new measures of economic inequality. The calculations presented in this dissertation are performed on data obtained from semi-aggregated datasets in which employment and average wage data organized by economic sectors and geographical jurisdictions, as derived from administrative records. Sectoral analysis shows that the changing levels of overall inequality are explained to a great extent by variations in the performance of a reduced number of "key" high-pay sectors, especially finance, extractive industry and civil service. In terms of the dynamics of geographic distribution, the role of these key sectors is observed in the driving role played by key geographic units: those composed of, or containing, the countries' main metropolitan centers, and those with high concentrations of economic activity in extractive industries. / text

Scientist and decision-makers on the international and national arena agree that the climate is changing and will continue to change over this century. In fact, even if greenhouse gas emissions are brought to a halt today, the earth is already, to an extent, locked in towards climate change over the next 30-40 years, as a result of the emissions that have been released during the development of the modern society. The next 20 to 30 years efforts to respond to climate change will decide the long-term effects of global warming (IPCC, 2007). Sweden and the Swedish business sector have now the opportunity to set an example for other countries, also concerned with sustainable development, by taking advantages of the possibilities to “climate-proof” business activities within commercial boarders. This qualitative study has examined the Swedish businesses’ understanding of the need to respond to climate change, with focus on mitigation and adaptation strategies. The study is based on eleven in-depth interviews with respondents that represent businesses within the sectors housing (including infrastructure), forestry industry (including paper and pulp production) and transport (including public transportation). The sectors were selected on the basis as they were particularly exposed to climatic impacts, but also with the aim to cover a large span of business activities. By applying a conceptual model of how a response process can take place in an organizational context (based on the parameters awareness and concern, idea of response strategy and response options), the understanding of the respondents was analyzed and assessed. The result indicates that the awareness of climate change is now high among the respondents, while the concern of its impacts varies in the sectors. In general, climate change is perceived as a wide-ranging external threat, that foremost changes conditions in the external context. Hence, in the perspective of the respondents, the largest reverse climate effects will not take place in “their backyard”, but will impact others directly and business indirectly. For that reason they do not consider themselves as exposed to direct impacts, but connect climate change to a need to reduce energy consumption and fossil fuel dependency. Hence, in many cases, the climate change issue has transcended from being treated as an environmental issue to an energy issue. Finally, the results indicate that there is a strong link between adaptation and mitigation in a business context. As climate change is perceived as one by many external factors that can impact activities, businesses will not handle it differently from any other external challenges. For this reason, the concept of examining a systems’ totally response capacity, as has been the focus in this study, could improve further studies on businesses’ perspectives on dealing with climate change.

The object of research is Lithuania rural social infrastructure (RSI). The goal of research – after investigation the condition of rural social infrastructure of Lithuanian regions to determinate the reasons that has an influence to the consistent pattern of development of rural social infrastructure. The tasks of the work are the following: 1.To inspect the theoretical conception of the regional development and RSI. 2.To select and to systematize statistics about RSI in Lithuania regions. 3.To traverse and to determinate the consistent patterns of rural social infrastructure development in Lithuania. 4.To investigate and to determinate the causative factors that influence the condition of rural social infrastructure. 5.To mould the connection model of the condition of RSI and the causal – resultant factors. On purpose to reach the goal of research it’s done the analysis and the synthesis of 5 year the first and the second information which characterize the condition of rural social infrastructure, it’s used the methods of induction and deduction, information filing and count analyze, distribution of lines, average and relative rating, comparison, grouping, correlation analysis, series collation, analytical grouping, ranking, analogy, graphical rendering and other scientific research methods. In order to estimate the regional differences of rural social infrastructure it was evaluated the rates, characterizing RSI condition, also it was determinable the strength of the... [to full text]

This paper updates the current knowledge about Black-White wage inequality in the US male labor market by using the NLSY97 sample. Compared with the results obtained from the NLSY79 cohort, I find that the unconditional racial wage inequality is smaller today, but after controlling for premarket academic skills, the conditional racial wage gap remains roughly the same as it was twenty years ago. After dividing the labor market by occupational categories, I find that in the white collar sector, the racial wage gap has largely disappeared even without controlling for academic skills. In the blue collar sector, academic skills can fully account for the unconditional racial wage gap among clerical jobs but there still remains a substantial conditional racial wage gap among craftsman and laborer jobs. I show that clerical jobs are more similar to white collar jobs than blue collar jobs today. The racial wage inequality also has disappeared among the operative workers, probably due to omitted variable bias. For the remaining racial wage gap in the craftsman and laborer jobs, both preference-based and statistical models of discrimination are consistent with the findings.

Background: The post-IPO anomalous behaviour in the short and long-run are among the well-recognised anomalies in corporate finance, and exist on all equity markets. The researchers are not unanimous what causes these phenomena’s, and previous research has primarily focused on the US and European markets. Purpose: The study aims to investigate the market performance of Swedish IPO's in the short- and long-run in-between 2007-2017 for different sectors. Method: The market adjusted initial return method was used to calculate the short-run initial return. The Even-time approach with the Buy-and-hold methodology was used to calculate the long-run abnormal returns. A regression analysis was adopted to investigate the relationship between some existing theories for explaining underpricing. Conclusion: Overall the sample set for the study were on average underpriced with 9,25 %, furthermore, no evidence was found that Swedish IPO’s underperformed in a three-year period compared to the market. Of the theories tested, the signalling hypothesis was significant and can be one determinant for underpricing of Swedish IPO’s.

With the strong support from the government and investors, Chinese healthcare sector is developed rapidly. Also, the demand for healthcare logistics has also gradually increased. Currently, most Chinese pharmaceutical manufacturing are using traditional healthcare logistics, and due to the late start of Chinese healthcare logistics, there are many problems within the field. Therefore,there is a strong demand for professional 3PL providers involving Chinese healthcare sectors. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the status of Chinese healthcare sectors, to indicate the predictable contribution of Chinese 3PL providers after entering. And also, to analyze how different types of Chinese 3PL providers can better adapt themselves to healthcare logistics sectors. Additionally, different opportunities and challenges faced by the Chinese 3PL providers in the field of healthcare logistics has been analyzed.

[pt] O presente trabalho analisa a existência de dilema de política monetária em uma economia parcialmente dolarizada. Dolarização é o caso em que uma moeda externa qualquer desempenha as três funções clássicas da moeda: intermediária de trocas, reserva de valor e unidade de conta. Analisaremos economias parcialmente dolarizadas, isto é, apenas parte da economia usa a moeda externa na realização de transações. O principal resultado da dissertação é que haverá dilema de política monetária mesmo quando o grau de rigidez dos setores da economia é o mesmo. Esse resultado é interessante porque ele é oposto ao encontrado na literatura que avalia efeitos de bem-estar da política monetária em economias com assimetria setoriais. Concluímos que o resultado é gerado pela mudança na estrutura da economia que ocorre quando a economia é parcialmente dolarizada. A intuição para o resultado é que a autoridade monetária tem apenas um instrumento para atingir diferentes objetivos que não poderão ser simultaneamente alcançados em virtude da estrutura da economia. / [en] This study analyses if there is monetary policy dilemma in an economy with partial dolarization. Dolarization occurs when foreign money has the three classical functions of money: mean of trade, store of value and unity of account. We will study an economy with partial dolarization, i.e., only part of economy uses the foreign money on transactions. The main result is that there will be monetary policy dilemma even when the stickiness of prices is the same across the sectors of economy. This conclusion goes on the opposite direction of the literature that studies the welfare effects of monetary policy in economies with asymmetric sectors. We conclude that the result is caused by the change of economy s structure that occurs when the economy has partial dolarization. The intuition is that monetary authority has only one instrument for achieving different objectives that will not be reached because of economy s structure.