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冷戰結束後，中共在亞太地區及全球安全戰略格局中的地位逐漸上升。時空際會，當今國際秩序與全球化正值發展階段，因而出現一個有利於中共改善與周邊國家關係的國際環境，並提供一個穩定周邊良好的機遇。邁入21世紀之初，中共在第四代領導人集體審時度勢下，調整了對外政策，以「大國外交」與「睦鄰外交」為重要的外交戰略，在外交理念上堅持以互相信任為基礎，長期穩定為前提，睦鄰友好為保障，全面合作是紐帶，共同發展繁榮為目標，致力於大國及周邊國家的合作友好關係建立。 中共在「十六大」政治報告後，將「大國外交」與「睦鄰外交」列為對外關係的重要戰略。除運用元首出訪、經貿交流、軍事交流等外交作為，與美、俄、日、歐盟及印度等主要大國及周邊重要國家建立友好關係與傳統外交外，並積極參與或主導有關政治、經濟、軍事等具全球性議題的雙邊或多邊組織，以展現其對國際社會善盡義務，藉以塑造為體系中「負責任大國」與「睦鄰、安鄰、富鄰」友好鄰國之形象。 　 2003年中共胡溫領導人掌權後，在遂行「大國外交」、「睦鄰外交」時，係採取「韜光養晦、有所作為」具體行動，並倡議「新安全觀」、「和平發展」、「和諧世界」、「國際關係民主化」的外交理念，並強調「不對抗、不結盟、不針對三者」主張，逐步融入國際體系，積極從事國家經濟建設，以期與主要大國與周邊國家建構「平等、協作、互信、互利」的合作夥伴關係，目的就在創造一個安全、穩定的國際與周邊環境。 中共總體外交戰略是在謀求國家利益發展戰略，進而轉向與世界謀求共同發展與安全戰略。此一戰略轉變，是以經濟利益與區域安全為基點，以積極參與國際事務、加強國際合作為途徑，以拓展國家戰略利益、發揮負責任大國作用為目標。自胡溫掌政後即積極與世界各主要大國與鄰近重要國家建立戰略性協作夥伴關係，目前與中共建立戰略夥伴關係的國家共有30個國家，從中共積極推動「大國外交」與「睦鄰外交」之戰略與手段觀察，事實上我們不難發現其為何一直在積極維護和創造有利於現代化的國際與周邊環境，並企圖拓展國家戰略利益的範圍和空間，不斷地擴大在國際間地位與影響力之目的所在。 關鍵字：大國外交、睦鄰外交戰略、新安全觀、和平崛起、和諧世界 / After the cold war, China is gradually gaining a raising status of military strategic position in the Asia-Pacific region as well as in global layout. International order and Globalization is at its developing phase, thus forming a advantageous circumstance for Chinese government to enhance its foreign affair status with surrounding countries also providing a chance to stabilize regional diplomatic pressure. In the beginning of 21st centry, 4th generation leaders of Chinese government carefully evaluated situations and adjusted their diplomatic policies, focusing their diplomatic strategies on foreign affair with powerful nations and surrounding countries, insisting their foreign policy to be based on trust with views of long-term balance. With the objectives of mutual growth, china is dedicated to build amicable relation with powerful and surrounding countries by bonding full collaboration and assured partnership. After the 16th Congress political report, china listed “Big-Power Diplomacy” and “Good-Neighborly Diplomacy” as their major foreign affair strategy. Besides building friendly relation and applying traditional foreign tactics with major nations such as USA, Russia, Japan, EU, and India, China’s foreign tactics also includes financial and military collaboration, visiting friendly soil by country leader(s), etc. China also actively leads and/or joins associtions/organizations with concern of global issues regarding political, economical, and military importance, in attempt to demonstrate the image of a powerful nation and to establish the good-neighborly figure in the international society. China’s overall foreign affair strategy is focused on gaining national benefits and later seeks global growth collaboration and international security. This change of strategy is based on considerations of economical benefits and regional security, achieved by actively attending international events, with clear objectives of expanding maximum strategical gain and developing the representation of an accountable country. Governor Hu and governor Wen had been actively building strategic partnership with major nations and vicinal countries. At present, there are 30 countries having strategic partnership with Chinese government. Examining china’s strategic means and diplomatic tactics, one can obviously notice how china is aggressively maintain and further create the circumstance which is most beneficial for extending its national strategic space and range, thus accomplish its goal of raised international influence. Key word：Big-power Diplomacy、Good-Neighborly Diplomacy、New Security View、Peaceful Rise、Harmonize the world

近年來，日本的防衛政策發生了許多重大的變化。如日本政府認可了「集團自衛權」的行使權、美日兩國修訂了新版的「美日防衛合作指針」以及日本國會通過了新的「安保法案」，這些變化勢必將帶給亞太地區不小的影響。在此之中，2013年，日本政府所制定的新「防衛計畫大綱」更顯示出了日本安全觀在面對快速變化的國際情勢之下，不停地求新求變以確保國家安全的意圖。 「防衛計畫大綱」是為日本防衛政策的最高指導方針，具有非常高的重要性。故本論文將以防衛計畫大綱作為基礎材料，對日本冷戰後的安全觀變遷進行研究。防衛計畫大綱至今(2016)共有五個版本，從第一版(1976年)到最新的第五版(2013)，橫跨了冷戰與後冷戰時代，其中各版的內容更是發生了許多變化。如冷戰時代，日本的主要威脅是來自於蘇聯的全面入侵。而到了後冷戰時代，防衛政策的重心則是開始創造能夠對應「複合事態」的新體制。 本論文將基於「新古典現實主義」與「歷史制度論」兩大理論的角度，對防衛計畫大綱展開分析。並特別著重於「政策的繼承性」、「國內政治勢力的演變」、「中日關係發展」以及「亞太地區安全形勢」等等議題。在探究日本安全觀變遷的同時，試圖理解日本防衛政策所具有的特殊性。 / Japan's defense policy changes significantly in recent years. New cabinet decision of the right of collective self-defense, new Guidelines for US-Japan Defense Cooperation and new national security bill. Definitely, those changes will impact Asia-Pacific Security. In those transitions, new Japanese National Defense Program Guideline(NDPG) will be a relevant reference to see why and how does Japanese security view get changed. This research will use NDPG as basic materials to find out the transition of Japan's security view in the Post-Cold War. NDPG has five editions for now. Form first edition(1976) to fifth edition(2013), NDPG can tell us what 's the difference of Japan 's security between Cold War and Post-Cold War. This research based on “Neoclassical Realism” and “Historical institutionalism” to analyze NDPG. Furthermore, we will concern of “Succession of policy”,” transition of domestic political power”,”China-Japan relations”and” Asia-Pacific Security”and so forth.