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Análise da qualidade de óleos vegetais em sementes intactas por RMN de baixa resolução / Vegetable oil quality analisys of intact seeds through low resolution NMRToma, Daniela 19 June 2009 (has links)
O biodiesel vem sendo usado como uma alternativa ao diesel com vantagens ambientais. No entanto, existem duas questões que deverão difcultar a implantação deste combustível no Brasil: a não-sustentabilidade da produtividade desses vegetais, e a baixa qualidade dos óleos vegetais disponíveis, inviabilizando a utilização como combustível. Para atenuação destes problemas se faz necessário o melhoramento genético dos vegetais cultivados e seleção de plantas silvestres que podem possuir alta produtividade de óleo/ha/ano. Portanto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o uso da relaxometria por RMN em baixa resolução, através das técnicas CPMG (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill), que gera sinal dependente do tempo de relaxação T2 e CWFP (Continuous Wave Free Precession), que gera sinal dependente tanto de T2 quanto de T1. Os valores de T2 obtidos a partir dos dados de CPMG apresentaram alta correlação com a razão Mz/M0 (r= 0,93), T¤ (r= 0,94) e T2 calculado (r= 0,91), obtidos a partir dos dados CWFP, para as 31 amostras analisadas. T2 apresentou correlação inversa com a viscosidade do óleo e número de cetano, ambos com r ~ -0,63 e correlação direta com o índice de iodo (r= 0,64), quando foram retiradas as amostra de mamona e palmáceas, que possuem óleo diferente das outras sementes. Os dados obtidos a partir do sinal CWFP, T¤ e Mz/M0 também obtiveram correlação similar às observadas para T2. T2, T¤ e T2 calculado apresentaram alta correlação com o PC1, obtido pela análise de PCA e baixa correlação com PC2. T1 obteve boa correlação com PC2 dos dados CWFP. Com o acoplamento dessas metodologias não-destrutivas a um sistema de medidas on-line, essas medidas poderão ser obtidas rapidamente (cerca de 1 s por amostra) permitindo a análise de um grande número de amostras, necessárias para o desenvolvimento de sementes com óleo de alta qualidade. Este desenvolvimento é um dos gargalos para o uso de biodiesel em altas concentrações no diesel. / Biodiesel is a highly promising renewable energy source that has gained widespread acceptance in recent years as an environmentally friendly substitute for petroleum diesel oil fuel. However, there are two questions that should diffcult the use of this fuel in Brazil in high quantity: the low plant productivity and the low quality of available vegetable oils. To attenuate these problems is necessary the genetic improvement of cultivated plants and the selection of wild plants that may have high productivity of oil/ha/year and high quality oils. To help to accelerate the genetic selection of high quality oil we are developing fast and non-destructive low resolution NMR methods based on relaxometry. These methods uses CPMG pulse sequence (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill), which generates a decay signal dependent of relaxation time T2, and CWFP (Continuous Wave Free Precession), which generates a decay signal dependent of both (T1 and T2) relaxation times. The T2 values obtained through CPMG data shows high correlation to Mz/M0 ratio (r= 0,93), T¤ (r= 0,94) and T2 calculated through CWFP data (r= 0,91), for the 31 analyzed samples. T2 shows inverse correlation to the kinematic oil viscosity and cetane number, both with r ~ 0,63, and direct correlation to iodine value (r= 0,64), when excluded the castor bean and palm samples, which have different oil composition of others seeds. Data obtained through CWFP signal, T¤ and Mz/M0, also have correlation similar to observed for T2. T2, T¤ and Mz/M0 shows high correlation to PC1 and low correlation to PC2, both obtained through PCA analysis. T1 shows some correlation to CWFP PC2. With the coupling of these non-destructive methodologies to a high-throughput on-line measurement system (about 1 s per sample) it will be possible to analyze thousands of samples per hour, allowing the identification of seeds with high quality vegetable oil, necessary for the genetic selection of plants, which is necessary to speed up the Brazilian biodiesel program.
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Influência de diferentes doses de radiação gama (Cobalto60) em sementes de soja Glycine max (L.) visando aumento de produtividade / Influence of different doses of gamma radiation (Cobalt60) in soybean Glycine max (L.) aiming the increase in the productivityFranco, José Gilmar 18 May 2018 (has links)
A cultura da soja possui enorme importância econômica mundial e particularmente para o Brasil. Existem várias pesquisas voltadas para o aumento de produtividade e qualidade desta cultura, como melhoramento e alterações genéticas de cultivares. Vários trabalhos vêm demonstrando que a irradiação ionizante pode aumentar a produção de plantas, surgindo assim como um método alternativo para aumentar a produção de culturas de importância econômica. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar várias doses de irradiação ionizante, variando desde 10 Gy até 150 Gy, visando observar qual delas poderia desenvolver características benéficas, como aumento de produtividade e da qualidade do óleo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido durante três anos, sendo parte dele no campo e outra parte em casa de vegetação. Também foi avaliado o potencial genotóxico e a qualidade do óleo dos grãos produzido por indivíduos provenientes destas sementes irradiadas. No campo observou-se vários parâmetros com relação a planta, sendo que nenhum destes parâmetros apresentou diferenças significativas conforme o teste estatístico aplicado. Já com relação ao aumento de produtividade podemos concluir que houve diferença significativa entre os valores de produtividade da testemunha e das parcelas irradiadas com dose de 25 Gy, com aumento de 97,97%. Em ambiente protegido foram avaliados os efeitos de estimulação da radiação sobre a germinação e produção, sendo que os resultados indicaram que os tratamentos com doses de 12,5; 25; 50 e 75 Gy apresentaram diferença estatística significativa quando comparado a outros tratamentos, mas entre si os valores foram semelhantes. Na determinação do potencial genotóxico, avaliado pelo método do teste com Allium cepa, as amostras de óleo de soja provenientes de sementes irradiadas não apresentaram atividade genotóxico e citotóxica. Também pode-se concluir que o óleo obtido de sementes de indivíduos provenientes de sementes irradiadas, não apresentam diferença em comparação ao óleo obtido de sementes de indivíduos não irradiadas, onde foi possível comparar os valores dos índices referentes a acidez, saponificação, refração e índice de iodo, além da comprovação também de que estas doses positivas geram produtos limpos e livres de características depreciativas. / Soybean cultivation is of great economic importance worldwide and particularly for Brazil. There are several researches aimed at increasing productivity and quality of this crop, such as breeding and genetic changes of cultivars. Several studies have shown that ionizing irradiation can increase plant production, thus emerging as an alternative method to increase the production of economically important crops. The objective of this study was to test several doses of ionizing radiation, varying from 10 Gy to 150 Gy, in order to observe which of them could develop beneficial characteristics, such as increased in productivity and oil quality. The work was developed during three years, being part of them in the field and another part in greenhouse. The genotoxic potential and the oil quality of the grains produced by individuals from these irradiated seeds were also evaluated. In the field several parameters related to the plant development were observed, and none of these parameters presented significant differences according to the statistical tests applied. Regarding the increase in productivity, we can conclude that there was a significant difference between the values of yield of the control and the irradiated seeds with dose of 25 Gy, with an increase of 97.97%. In the protected environment, the effects of radiation stimulation on germination and production were evaluated, and the results indicated that the treatments with doses of 12.5; 25; 50 and 75 Gy presented a statistically significant difference when compared to other treatments, but among them the values were similar. In the determination of the genotoxic potential, evaluated by the A. cepa test, soybean oil samples from irradiated seeds showed no genotoxic nor cytotoxic activity. It is also possible to conclude that the oil obtained from irradiated seeds individuals did not present a difference compared to oil obtained from seeds of non-irradiated individuals, where it was possible to compare the values of the indexes referring to acidity, saponification, refraction and iodine rate, in addition to the proof that these positive doses generated clean products free of genotoxic characteristics.
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Efeitos da radiação gama do Cobalto-60 em sementes de algodão, milho e soja para estimular a germinação / Effects of gamma radiation from Cobalt-60 in seeds of cotton, corn and soybean to stimulate germinationAraújo, Ana Leticia de 29 September 2015 (has links)
Esse trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar por quanto tempo as sementes das três grandes culturas (algodão, milho e soja) mantém os efeitos radiohorméticos induzidos pela radiação gama do Cobalto-60, avaliando-se o poder germinativo das sementes em cada tratamento de acordo com o decorrer do tempo de armazenamento até o plantio. Para determinar se os efeitos benéficos da radiação gama se mantêm até quanto tempo nas sementes irradiadas das três culturas estudadas. As sementes foram irradiadas no Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA-USP) num irradiador de Cobalto-60, tipo Gammacell 220. As doses utilizadas foram 0 Gy (testemunha), 25 Gy, 50 Gy, 75 Gy, 100 Gy e 125 Gy. Utilizou-se 4 repetições de 50 sementes nos experimentos de milho e soja e 3 repetições de 50 sementes no experimento de algodão. As sementes foram alocadas em bandejas de 200 células com vermiculita expandida em quatro dias diferentes: 0, 3, 6 e 9 dias após a irradiação. Foram avaliados: Índice de velocidade de germinação (IVE), Tempo médio de germinação (TMG), Germinação final, Comprimento radicular, altura de inserção cotiledonar (soja), altura de inserção da primeira folha (milho), altura aérea total e peso de 20 plântulas. Os resultados foram analisados pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Pelos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que a data de plantio pós processamento de irradiação não influenciou no desenvolvimento inicial das três culturas, com exceção das sementes de milho nas quais verificou-se a influência das doses de radiação no aumento do vigor e desenvolvimento / This work aimed to evaluate for how long the seeds of three major crops (cotton, corn and soybean) keep the radiohormetic effects induced by gamma radiation Cobalt-60, evaluating the germinative power of the seeds in each treatment according to the course of the storage time before planting. To determinate if the beneficial effects of gamma radiation remain until how long the irradiated seeds of the three studied. The seeds were irradiated at the Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA - USP) with a irradiator of Cobalt-60, Gammacell 220. The used doses were 0 Gy (test.), 25 Gy, 50 Gy, 75 Gy, 100 Gy and 125 Gy. Were used 4 repetitions of 50 seeds in the experiments of corn and soybean and 3 repetitions of 50 seeds in the cotton experiment. The seeds were allocated in trays of 200 cell with expanded vermiculite in four different days: 0, 3, 6 and 9 days after the irradiation. Were evaluated: germination rate index (GRI), germination medium time (GMT), final germination, radicular length, cotyledonal insertion height (soybean), first leaf insertion height (corn), overground total height and 20 seedlings weight. Results were analyzed for Tukey test at 5% significance. From the obtained results, it was concluded that the planting date post irradiation processing did not affect the initial development of the three cultures, with exception of the maize seed, which occurred influence of radiation doses in increased vigor and development
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Medida de temperatura e difusividade térmica de sementes e sementes inseridas em solo por ressonância magnética nuclear no domínio do tempo / Temperature and thermal diffusivity measurement of seeds and seeds inside soil by time domain nuclear magnetic resonanceCarosio, Maria Gabriela Aparecida 31 January 2014 (has links)
Demonstrou-se nesta tese a potencialidade da ressonância magnética nuclear no domínio do tempo (RMN-DT) para medir a temperatura de sementes oleaginosas isoladas e inseridas em solos. Os métodos desenvolvidos baseiam-se na correlação entre o tempo de relaxação do óleo das sementes com a temperatura. As medidas com o tempo de relaxação transversal, T2, foram realizadas com a sequência Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) e as medidas de relaxação T*, com a sequência de pulsos Precessão Livre em Onda Contínua (CP-CWFP). Tanto o T2 quanto o T* apresentaram uma correlação exponencial crescente com a temperatura, utilizando espectrômetros de bancada. Com a medida do decaimento da temperatura de sementes e solos, previamente aquecidos a 70°C, em um banho térmico a 23°C, pode-se calcular a difusividade térmica de sementes e sementes em solos, obtendo valores similares aos obtidos com métodos padrões. Para ímãs com homogeneidade muito baixa, com gradientes de campo magnético maiores do que 1 T/m (ímãs de campos opostos, Unilateral e Halback) somente a sequência CPMG pode ser usada. A sequência CP-CWFP não gerou um sinal de onda contínua, necessário para a medida de T*. No ímã unilateral a correlação exponencial entre o decaimento do sinal CPMG e temperatura foi decrescente devido ao efeito da difusão molecular na refocalização dos ecos. Com isso a RMN unilateral, que detecta o sinal da amostra fora do sensor de RMN (ímã e sonda) tem potencial para análise da temperatura e difusividade térmica em campo. A grande vantagem da RMN sobre os métodos de termometria baseado em termômetros de mercúrio, termopares, termistores, etc., é que é um método que não precisa danificar as sementes para inserção do agente sensível à temperatura. Além disso, a RMN pode ser usada para medir a temperatura da semente, mesmo quando esta está sob uma camada de vários centímetros de solos, o que não ocorre com o sensor de Infravermelho, por exemplo. / The potential of time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) to measure the temperature of isolated oilseeds and oilseeds inserted into soil was demonstrated in this thesis. The methods were based on the correlation between relaxation time of the oilseeds with temperature. The measurement with the transverse relaxation time, T2, was performed with the Carr - Purcell - Meiboom - Gill (CPMG) pulse sequence. The measurement of decay T*, was performed with the Continuous Wave Free Precession (CP- CWFP) pulse sequence. Both the T2 as T* showed an exponentially correlation with temperature using bench top spectrometers. With the measurement of the temperature decay of seeds and soils, previously heated to 70°C and placed in a bath at 23°C, was used to calculate the thermal diffusivity of seeds and seeds in soil. The results were similar to those obtained with standard methods. For the magnets with very low homogeneity, with strong magnetic field gradients 1 T/m (Opposite field, Unilateral and Halback magnets) only the CPMG pulse sequence could be used. The CP-CWFP sequence do not generated a continuous wave signal, necessary for the measurement of T*. The unilateral magnet shows an upward-sloping exponential curve between the decay of the CPMG signal and temperature due to the effect of molecular diffusion, in refocusing echoes. Therefore, the unilateral NMR, which detects the signal from the sample outside the NMR sensor (magnet and probe), has the potential to analyze the temperature and thermal diffusivity in the field. The big advantage of NMR over thermometry methods based on mercury thermometers, thermocouples, thermistors, etc., is that it is a method that does not need to damage the seeds for insertion of the sensor. In addition, NMR can be used to measure the seed temperature, even when it is under a layer of several centimeters of soil, which does not occur with the infrared sensor, for example.
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Influência de diferentes doses de radiação gama (Cobalto60) em sementes de soja Glycine max (L.) visando aumento de produtividade / Influence of different doses of gamma radiation (Cobalt60) in soybean Glycine max (L.) aiming the increase in the productivityJosé Gilmar Franco 18 May 2018 (has links)
A cultura da soja possui enorme importância econômica mundial e particularmente para o Brasil. Existem várias pesquisas voltadas para o aumento de produtividade e qualidade desta cultura, como melhoramento e alterações genéticas de cultivares. Vários trabalhos vêm demonstrando que a irradiação ionizante pode aumentar a produção de plantas, surgindo assim como um método alternativo para aumentar a produção de culturas de importância econômica. O objetivo deste estudo foi testar várias doses de irradiação ionizante, variando desde 10 Gy até 150 Gy, visando observar qual delas poderia desenvolver características benéficas, como aumento de produtividade e da qualidade do óleo. O trabalho foi desenvolvido durante três anos, sendo parte dele no campo e outra parte em casa de vegetação. Também foi avaliado o potencial genotóxico e a qualidade do óleo dos grãos produzido por indivíduos provenientes destas sementes irradiadas. No campo observou-se vários parâmetros com relação a planta, sendo que nenhum destes parâmetros apresentou diferenças significativas conforme o teste estatístico aplicado. Já com relação ao aumento de produtividade podemos concluir que houve diferença significativa entre os valores de produtividade da testemunha e das parcelas irradiadas com dose de 25 Gy, com aumento de 97,97%. Em ambiente protegido foram avaliados os efeitos de estimulação da radiação sobre a germinação e produção, sendo que os resultados indicaram que os tratamentos com doses de 12,5; 25; 50 e 75 Gy apresentaram diferença estatística significativa quando comparado a outros tratamentos, mas entre si os valores foram semelhantes. Na determinação do potencial genotóxico, avaliado pelo método do teste com Allium cepa, as amostras de óleo de soja provenientes de sementes irradiadas não apresentaram atividade genotóxico e citotóxica. Também pode-se concluir que o óleo obtido de sementes de indivíduos provenientes de sementes irradiadas, não apresentam diferença em comparação ao óleo obtido de sementes de indivíduos não irradiadas, onde foi possível comparar os valores dos índices referentes a acidez, saponificação, refração e índice de iodo, além da comprovação também de que estas doses positivas geram produtos limpos e livres de características depreciativas. / Soybean cultivation is of great economic importance worldwide and particularly for Brazil. There are several researches aimed at increasing productivity and quality of this crop, such as breeding and genetic changes of cultivars. Several studies have shown that ionizing irradiation can increase plant production, thus emerging as an alternative method to increase the production of economically important crops. The objective of this study was to test several doses of ionizing radiation, varying from 10 Gy to 150 Gy, in order to observe which of them could develop beneficial characteristics, such as increased in productivity and oil quality. The work was developed during three years, being part of them in the field and another part in greenhouse. The genotoxic potential and the oil quality of the grains produced by individuals from these irradiated seeds were also evaluated. In the field several parameters related to the plant development were observed, and none of these parameters presented significant differences according to the statistical tests applied. Regarding the increase in productivity, we can conclude that there was a significant difference between the values of yield of the control and the irradiated seeds with dose of 25 Gy, with an increase of 97.97%. In the protected environment, the effects of radiation stimulation on germination and production were evaluated, and the results indicated that the treatments with doses of 12.5; 25; 50 and 75 Gy presented a statistically significant difference when compared to other treatments, but among them the values were similar. In the determination of the genotoxic potential, evaluated by the A. cepa test, soybean oil samples from irradiated seeds showed no genotoxic nor cytotoxic activity. It is also possible to conclude that the oil obtained from irradiated seeds individuals did not present a difference compared to oil obtained from seeds of non-irradiated individuals, where it was possible to compare the values of the indexes referring to acidity, saponification, refraction and iodine rate, in addition to the proof that these positive doses generated clean products free of genotoxic characteristics.
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Enxofre e composto orgânico na produção e qualidade de sementes e acúmulo de macronutrientes em frutos maduros e sementes de abobrinha-de-moita /Bardiviesso, Estefânia Martins, 1992. January 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Antonio Ismael Inácio Cardoso / Banca: João Nakagawa / Banca: Felipe Oliveira Magro / Resumo: Há vários fatores que podem afetar a produção e a qualidade das sementes, estando entre eles a adubação das plantas. No entanto, apesar de existirem vários estudos com adubação de plantas para a produção comercial de hortaliças, há poucas pesquisas relacionando a adubação à produção e qualidade das sementes. Objetivou-se com este trabalho estudar a influência de doses de enxofre em cobertura e o uso de composto orgânico no plantio na produção, qualidade e acúmulo de macronutrientes nas sementes e frutos de abobrinha-de-moita. Foram estudados oito tratamentos, resultantes do fatorial 4x2, sendo quatro doses de enxofre em cobertura (0, 57, 114 e 173 kg ha-1 de S), na presença (30 t ha-1) e ausência de composto orgânico na adubação de plantio. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados o número de frutos maduros por planta, massa da matéria fresca dos frutos, produção de sementes por fruto e por planta, massa de 1000 sementes, acúmulo de macronutrientes nos frutos e sementes e qualidade das sementes (germinação, índice de velocidade de germinação, tempo médio de germinação, primeira contagem de germinação e condutividade elétrica). A presença de composto orgânico aumenta a produção de frutos, massa de mil sementes, número e massa de sementes por fruto e a qualidade fisiológica das sementes. Para maior produção e qualidade de sementes, recomenda-se a utilização de composto orgânico no plantio em conjunto com a dose de ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: There are several factors that can affect seed production and quality, among them the fertilization of plants. However, although there are many studies with fertilization of plants for the commercial production of vegetables, there are few studies relating the fertilization to the production and quality of the seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of doses of sulfur in topdressing and organic compost fertilization on the production, quality and accumulation of macronutrients of zucchini seeds and fruits. Eight treatments were studied, resulting from the 4x2 factorial, with four doses of S in topdressing (0, 57, 114 and 173 kg ha-1 of S) in the presence (30 t ha-1) and absence of organic compost in fertilization at planting stage. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with four repetitions. The number of mature fruits per plant, fresh fruit weight, seed production per fruit and per plant, weight of thousand seeds, accumulation of macronutrients in fruits and seeds and seed quality (germination, germination speed index, average germination time, first germination count and electrical conductivity) were evaluated. The presence of organic compost increases the fruit yield, weight of thousand seeds, number and weight of thousand seeds, number and mass of seeds per fruit and the physiological quality of of seeds per fruit and the physiological quality of the seeds. For higher seed yield and quality, it is recommended the use of organic compost ... / Mestre
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Biochemical composition, protein quality and hypocholesterolemic effect of mature seeds of a pigmented Vigna sinensis cultivar.January 1999 (has links)
by Foo Wai Ting, Rita. / Thesis submitted in: August 1998. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-100). / Abstract also in Chinese. / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Proximate Composition --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2 --- Amino Acid Composition --- p.6 / Chapter 1.3 --- Antinutrients --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Trypsin Inhibitors --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Phytate --- p.13 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Tannins --- p.14 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Lectins --- p.15 / Chapter 1.4 --- Two Dimensional Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis --- p.17 / Chapter 1.5 --- Protein Digestibility --- p.19 / Chapter 1.6 --- Protein Quality --- p.22 / Chapter 1.7 --- Hypocholesterolemic Effects --- p.24 / Chapter 2 --- Materials and Methods --- p.36 / Chapter 2.1 --- Plant Material --- p.36 / Chapter 2.2 --- Sample preparation --- p.36 / Chapter 2.3 --- Proximate composition --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Protein --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Fat --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Carbohydrate --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Fiber --- p.38 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Mineral --- p.39 / Chapter 2.3.6 --- Moisture --- p.39 / Chapter 2.4 --- Amino acid composition --- p.40 / Chapter 2.5 --- Antinutrients --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Trypsin inhibitors --- p.41 / Chapter 2.5.2 --- Tannins --- p.42 / Chapter 2.5.3 --- Phytate --- p.43 / Chapter 2.5.4 --- Lectins --- p.43 / Chapter 2.6 --- Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Protein extraction --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- IEF gel --- p.45 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- SDS gel --- p.46 / Chapter 2.7 --- Protein digestibility --- p.48 / Chapter 2.7.1 --- In vitro Protein digestibility --- p.48 / Chapter 2.7.2 --- True Protein digestibility --- p.49 / Chapter 2.8 --- Protein quality --- p.51 / Chapter 2.9 --- Hypocholesterolemic effects --- p.52 / Chapter 2.10 --- Statistical analysis --- p.55 / Chapter 3 --- Results --- p.56 / Chapter 3.1 --- Proximate composition --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2 --- Amino acid composition --- p.56 / Chapter 3.3 --- Antinutrients --- p.56 / Chapter 3.4 --- Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis --- p.60 / Chapter 3.5 --- Protein digestibility --- p.60 / Chapter 3.6 --- Protein quality --- p.60 / Chapter 3.7 --- Hypocholesterolemic effects --- p.62 / Chapter 3.7.1 --- Growth rate against day --- p.62 / Chapter 3.7.2 --- Health indexes --- p.64 / Chapter 3.7.3 --- Cholesterol content --- p.64 / Chapter 4 --- Discussion --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1 --- Proximate composition --- p.67 / Chapter 4.2 --- Amino acid composition --- p.70 / Chapter 4.3 --- Antinutrients --- p.74 / Chapter 4.4 --- Two dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis --- p.77 / Chapter 4.5 --- Protein digestibility --- p.79 / Chapter 4.6 --- Protein quality --- p.81 / Chapter 4.7 --- Hypocholesterolemic effects --- p.82 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusion --- p.88 / References --- p.89
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Nutritional values of three leguminous seeds and functional properties of their protein and fiber fractions. / CUHK electronic theses & dissertations collection / Digital dissertation consortiumJanuary 1998 (has links)
by Cha Chi Fai. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-154). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus status of seed on seedling traits of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)Torres Romero, Jose Luis January 2011 (has links)
Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries
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Proteomic study on the developing high-lysine rice seeds.January 2007 (has links)
Leung, Hoi Ching. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 114-128). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / THESIS/ASSESSMENT COMMITTEE --- p.i / STATEMENT FROM AUTHOR --- p.ii / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii / ABSTRACT --- p.v / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.xi / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.xvi / LIST OF TABLES --- p.xviii / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.xix / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- GENERAL INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1 --- Nutritional quality of rice --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Classification of seed proteins --- p.4 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Amino acid composition of rice proteins --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Other nutritional components of rice --- p.6 / Chapter 2.2 --- Rice seed storage proteins --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Properties and classification of seed storage proteins --- p.7 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Composition and stucture --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.2.1 --- Glutelin --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2.2.2 --- Prolamin --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2.3 --- Albumin and globulin --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- "Synthsis, assembly and deposition of rice seed storage proteins" --- p.13 / Chapter 2.2.3.1 --- Storage protein folding and assembly in the ER --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Storage protein transport and protein body formation --- p.16 / Chapter 2.2.3.3 --- Protein bodies and their distribution in endosperm --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3 --- Transgenic approaches to improve the nutritional quality of rice seed proteins --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- General introduction --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Attempts to improve the nutritional quality of seed proteins --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Rice grain quality improvement by genetic engineering --- p.22 / Chapter 2.3.3.1 --- Increase in the lysine content of rice endosperm --- p.22 / Chapter 2.2.3.2 --- Other examples of rice nutritional quality improvement --- p.25 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- Expression of recombinant protein in transgenic plants --- p.26 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Effects of recombinant proteins on the high-lysine rice --- p.27 / Chapter 2.4 --- Proteomics --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- General overview --- p.28 / Chapter 2.4.1.1 --- Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for proteome analysis --- p.29 / Chapter 2.4.1.2 --- Protein visualization --- p.32 / Chapter 2.4.1.3 --- Computer-aided image analysis --- p.34 / Chapter 2.4.1.4 --- Mass spectrometry-based methods for protein identification --- p.35 / Chapter 2.4.1.5 --- Database search --- p.36 / Chapter 2.4.1.6 --- Protein sequence database --- p.37 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Plant proteomics --- p.40 / Chapter 2.4.2.1 --- Rice proteomics --- p.41 / Chapter 2.4.2.2 --- Comparative proteomics --- p.43 / Chapter 2.5 --- Hypothesis and objectives --- p.45 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- MATERIALS AND METHODS --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1 --- Materials --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Chemicals and commercial kits --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Instruments --- p.47 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Softwares --- p.48 / Chapter 3.1.4 --- Plant materials --- p.48 / Chapter 3.2 --- Methods --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Collection of developing rice seeds --- p.49 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Extraction of rice seed proteins --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.2.1 --- Extraction of total protein --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Extraction of four fractions of rice seed proteins --- p.51 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- 2D gel electrophoresis --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.3.1 --- Protein precipitation and quantification --- p.53 / Chapter 3.2.3.2 --- Isoelectric focusing (IEF) --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.3.3 --- IPG strips equilibration --- p.54 / Chapter 3.2.3.4 --- Second-dimension SDS-PAGE --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.3.5 --- Silver staining of 2D gel --- p.55 / Chapter 3.2.3.6 --- Image and data analysis --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.4 --- MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight) --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.4.1 --- Sample destaining --- p.56 / Chapter 3.2.4.2 --- In-gel digestion with trypsin --- p.57 / Chapter 3.2.4.3 --- Desalination of the digested sample with Zip Tip --- p.58 / Chapter 3.2.4.4 --- Protein identification by mass spectrometry and database searching --- p.58 / Chapter 3.2.5 --- Detection of LRP fusion protein in 2D PAGE --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2.5.1 --- 2D gel electrophoresis --- p.59 / Chapter 3.2.5.2 --- Western blotting using anti-LRP antibody --- p.60 / Chapter 3.2.6 --- Antiserum production --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.6.1 --- Purification of glutelin and prolamin proteins --- p.61 / Chapter 3.2.6.2 --- Immunization of rabbits and mice --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.6.3 --- Testing of antibody specificity --- p.62 / Chapter 3.2.7 --- Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.7.1 --- Sample fixation and section preparation --- p.63 / Chapter 3.2.7.2 --- TEM observation --- p.64 / Chapter 3.2.7.3 --- Immunocytochemical observation --- p.64 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- RESULTS --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1 --- Proteomic analysis of high-lysine rice --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1.1 --- Extraction of proteins --- p.66 / Chapter 4.1.2 --- The proteomic profiles of different storage proteins in developing high-lysine rice seeds --- p.67 / Chapter 4.1.3 --- Quantitative analysis of protein spots --- p.76 / Chapter 4.1.4 --- Proteomic analysis of salt-soluble proteins --- p.79 / Chapter 4.1.5 --- Proteomic analysis of alcohol-soluble proteins --- p.81 / Chapter 4.1.6 --- Proteomic analysis of salt-soluble proteins --- p.82 / Chapter 4.1.7 --- Proteomic analysis of water-soluble proteins --- p.89 / Chapter 4.1.8 --- Comparison of changes in expression patterns of specific proteins in the high lysine rice --- p.89 / Chapter 4.2 --- Antibody production --- p.92 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- The production of anti-prolamin and anti-glutelin antibodies --- p.92 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- The specificity of anti-prolamin and anti-glutelin antibodies --- p.93 / Chapter 4.3 --- Transmission electron microscopy observation of rice protein bodies --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Morphology of protein bodies in high-lysine rice --- p.95 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Subcellular localization of storage proteins and LRP --- p.98 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- DISCUSSION --- p.100 / Chapter 5.1 --- Protein profiling of LRP fusion protein and its effects on the expression of other proteins --- p.100 / Chapter 5.2 --- Over-expression of glutelin and its effects on the expression of other proteins --- p.102 / Chapter 5.3 --- Formation of malformed protein bodies and deposition of storage proteins --- p.103 / Chapter 5.4 --- Relationship between changes in protein expression and the Unfolded Protein Response --- p.105 / Chapter 5.5 --- Effects of transgenes on rice grain quality --- p.108 / Chapter 5.6 --- Allergenic effects of transgenic rice --- p.109 / Chapter 5.7 --- Future perspectives --- p.110 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.112 / REFERENCES --- p.114
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