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Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat och LinkedIn är alla exempel på olika sociala medier som många av oss i Sverige idag använder oss dagligen av. Sociala medier är en plattform där vi som användare har möjlighet att skapa en interaktion med vänner och bekanta, men även att utforska och kommunicera med personer som vi inte känner. På sociala medier finns förutom privatpersoner även andra aktörer representerade. Nämligen olika varumärken i form av organisationer, företag eller var för inte i form av en kändis. Att vi som konsument väljer att ha en interaktion med en eller flera av dessa varumärken har idag blivit en del av vår moderna vardag. I denna studie som främst använt sig av en kvantitativ metod har vi via en enkätstudie undersökt vad som får konsumenter att på sociala medier att vilja bli vän med ett varumärke. Syftet med denna studie är att göra en kartläggning av konsumenters sätt att interagera med varumärken på sociala medier. Studien positionerar sig inom Företagsekonomi med inriktning på marknadsföring och utgångspunkten är ur ett konsumentperspektiv. Studien genomfördes under våren 2016 och totalt 176 stycken respondenter deltog i enkätstudien. Frågor som studien ämnar att besvara är bland annat dessa: Hur skapas denna interaktion? Vad är det för sorts interaktion som skapas? Vilka förutsättningar finns det för skapandet av denna interaktion? Utifrån enkätstudiens resultat så har det framkommit att individer inte konsumerar varumärken på sociala medier för att skapa en parallell identitet. Alltså är sociala medier inte en egen värld i sig, utan fungerar som en förlängning av det verkliga livet. Individer använder inte sociala medier för att nå ut med en alternativ identitet, utan använder sociala medier för att nå ut längre, eller förstärka, sin nuvarande identitet. Interaktionen mellan konsument och ett varumärke på sociala medier sker på en frivillig basis där makten ligger hos konsumenten. Att ha en interaktion med varumärken är vanligt, men det sker selektivt. Detta då vissa varumärken som en konsument i det verkliga livet har en relation till, vill konsumenten inte ha en online-relation med. Således kan sociala medier fungera som ett effektivt marknadsföringsverktyg om det behandlas på ett varsamt sätt som tilltalas av konsumenterna.

Thesis (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This paper explores a number of statistical models for predicting the daily stock return volatility of an aggregate of all stocks traded on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). The study is largely inspired by the work of Chris Brooks (1998). The volume of shares traded might be as important as the change in a market index since substantial price increases and decreases are often accompanied by heavy trading activity. An application of linear and non-linear Granger causality tests highlights evidence of bidirectional causality, although the relationship is stronger from volatility to volume than from volume to volatility. The out-of-sample forecasting performance of various linear and non-linear models of volatility are evaluated and compared. The models are also augmented by the addition of a measure of lagged volume to form more general ex-ante forecasting models. The results indicate that augmenting models of volatility with measures of lagged volume leads only to fairly small improvements in forecasting performance. The report also shows that the Johannesburg Stock Exchange is vulnerable to financial turmoil in other major markets. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsingsverslag verken 'n aantal statistiese modelle vir die vooruitskatting van die daaglikse onbestendigheid in aandeleopbrengste van die totaal van alle aandele wat op die Johannesburgse Aandelebeurs (JSE) verhandel word. Hierdie studie is grotendeels geinspireer deur die werk van Chris Brooks (1998). Die volume aandele wat verhandel word, kan net so belangrik wees soos die verandering in 'n markindeks omdat beduidende prysverhogings en -verlagings dikwels met swaar verhandelingsaktiwiteite gepaard gaan. 'n Toepassing van liniere en nie-liniere Grangeroorsaaklikheidstoetse lewer bewys van tweerigting-oorsaaklikheid, hoewel daar 'n sterker verband van onbestendigheid na volume is, as van volume na onbestendigheid. Die buite-steekproef vooruitskattingsprestasie van verskeie liniere en nie-liniere modelle van onbestendigheid word geevalueer en vergelyk. Die modelle word aangevul deur die byvoeging van gesloerde volumes om meer algemene vooruitskattingsmodelle te vorm. Die resultate dui daarop dat aangevulde modelle van onbestendigheid met sloerings in volume slegs tot betreklik klein verbeteringe in vooruitskattingsprestasie lei. Die resultate dui daarop dat die Johannesburgse Aandelebeurs kwesbaar is vir finansiele turbulensie in ander belangrike markte.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This event study examines the effect that Black Economic Empowerment (BEE) announcements have on a companies' share price. The average mean return model is applied to study a sample of companies from the Financial Mail Top 200 Empowerment Companies list, 2007. The mean price change observed in a 7-day window around the event announcement is found to be significant relative to the calculated critical value. Results of the test statistic calculated relative to the probability shows that at a p-value of 0,00113, the result is significant and the null hypothesis is rejected at a 95% confidence level. This result of this study supports the fact that markets react positively to the announcements of BEE events. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie ondersoek die verhouding tussen die verandering van 'n maatskappy se aandele prys wanneer hierdie maatskappy 'n aankondiging maak oor 'n Swart Ekonomiese Transaksie (SET). Die Financial Mail Top 200 Empowerment Companies 2007 lys is gebruik om maatskappye te kies vir die studie. Die gemiddelde verandering in aandele prys in a 7-dag venster rondom die SET aankondiging blyk merkwaardig te wees wanneer met 'n berekende kritiese waarde vergelyk word. Die toets statistiek bewys dat met 'n p-waarde van 0,00113 daar met 95% sekerheid die nul hipotese kan verwerp. Die resultaat van hierdie studie ondersteun die feit dat markte positief reageer teenoor maatskappye wat nuus oor SET transaksies aankondig.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Prior to 30 June 1999 companies in South Africa were not allowed to buy back their own shares. Amendments to the Companies Act, the Companies Amendment Act (Act 37 of 1999) radically changed the philosophy around capital maintenance. The result of this amendment is that a company is allowed to buy back its own shares and finance the backbuying of its shares under certain circumstances. A sample of 140 companies listed on the Johannesburg Securities Exchange for the period 2000 to 2005 was selected. The backbuying of shares by the relevant company, subsidiary and trust was analysed for the period 2000 to 2005. For the purposes of this empirical study, the financial sector, as well as the alternative exchange, that is focussed on good quality small and medium-sized high growth companies, were excluded during sample selection. The outcome of this exploratory study is the identification of the fact that a share buyback took place or not in Tables 4.1 and 4.2; a summary of the number of shares bought back in Table 4.3; and, in Table 4.4, a summary of the number of shares bought back, expressed as a percentage of the weighted average number of shares in issue. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Maatskappye in Suid-Afrika was voor 30 Junie 1999 deur die Maatskappywet verbied om hul eie aandele terug te koop. Wysigings aan die Maatskappywet, naamlik die Wysigingswet op Maatskappye (wet 37 van 1999) het ’n radikale verandering bewerkstellig in die filosofie rakende kapitaalinstandhouding. Die gevolg van dié wysigingswetgewing is dat maatskappye sedert 30 Junie 1999 hul eie aandele kan terugkoop en in sekere omstandighede die aankoop van hul eie aandele finansier. ’n Steekproef van 140 genoteerde maatskappye op die Johannesburgse Aandelebeurs is geselekteer vir die tydperk 2000 tot 2005. Die terugkooptransaksies van aandele deur die betrokke maatskappy, filiaal en trust is opgesom vir die tydperk 2000 tot 2005. Hierdie empiriese ondersoek het die finansiële sektor, asook die alternatiewe beurs van die Johannesburgse Aandelebeurs, wat fokus op goeie kwaliteit klein en mediumgrootte maatskappye met groot groeipotensiaal, tydens die steekproefseleksie uitgesluit. Die resultate van hierdie empiriese ondersoek is die identifisering en opsomming van die terugkooptransaksies van aandele vir die steekproef in Tabelle 4.1 en 4.2; ’n opsomming in Tabel 4.3 van die getal aandele teruggekoop; en ’n opsomming in Tabel 4.4 van die getal aandele teruggekoop, uitgedruk as ’n persentasie van die gemiddelde getal uitgereikte aandele.

<p>Background:</p><p>Over the last three years uranium prices have soard from US $14 per pound (lb) to the current price of US $120/lb and this rapid incline of the commodity have created a boom within the uranium prospecting and min-ing industry. There are currently 435 nuclear reactors all over the world and these reactors demand 180 millions of pounds of uranium each year to run at full production. Currently the uranium mining industry only sup-plies 110 million pounds of the demanded quantity. The remaining 70 mil-lion pounds are coming from secondary sources such as decommissioned nuclear warheads and other sources. Market estimations say that the sec-ondary sources will only cover the shortage up until around 2012 then primary sources have to supply almost the whole quantity demanded. These factors imply that some sort of analysis model for uranium mining companies would be needed.</p><p>Purpose:</p><p>The purpose of this report is to valuate three companies within the ura-nium industry and to establish if the current market value is coherent with the fundamental value of these companies. The authors will propose a valuation model that could be used when valuating companies within the uranium industry.</p><p>Method:</p><p>A qualitative method has been used in order to value three companies within the uranium mining business that are fairly large players on the market. The valuation of these companies is based upon a discounted cash flow analysis, a relative PV valuation and relative valuation. The compa-nies included in the report are corporations that are quoted at Toronto Stock Exchange and they have started mining uranium. Data have been collected through annual reports and the companies Internet pages. Other secondary information such as valuation theories has been collected from academic search engines and books on the subjects.</p><p>Conclusions:</p><p>The current market values of uranium mining companies are not coherent with the actual fundamental values according to the authors. Both funda-mental and a comparative approach could be used when valuing these companies and the most important part in the valuation is to try and fore-cast the commodity price and then to estimate the companies possible mining reserve/extractable resources.</p>

The Plurality of Persons Regarding Ownership - General Issues Resumé The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze some of the issues concerning the plurality of persons regarding ownership which have been brought by the Act of the Czech Republic No. 89/2012 Sb. Civil Code ('the Civil Code 2012'), which has come into effect on 1 January 2014. The thesis is divided into five chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the sources which were the main inspiration for the authors of the Civil Code 2012. The main sources were the Civil Code of Austria (Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch) and the bill of Civil Code proposed by the Czechoslovak government in 1937. The chapter emphasizes the fact that it is necessary to take these sources into consideration when analyzing legal regulation contained in the Civil Code 2012. The truth of this statement is proved throughout the whole text of the thesis since many references concerning these sources are made. The following chapter describes two legal forms of co-ownership that exist in the Czech legal system: common ownership and co-ownership in which shares of co-owners do not exist (e.g. community property). The chapter shows similarities and differences between these forms. The third and the fourth chapter are the core of this diploma thesis. The third chapter answers...

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Bob Burton / The purpose of this thesis is to compare the net income and risk associated with custom farming, cash rent, and crop-share. This analysis will help provide insight on the best option for my 40 acres of farm land, which I recently was given from my mother. The 40 acres is located in Codington County, SD and has been previously in a corn, soybean, and wheat rotation. Another goal of the thesis is to create a business plan for Hauger Farm, which will lay out the activities involved for custom farming. The 40 acres will continue to be in a corn, soybean, and wheat rotation. A 12-year analysis was developed to determine the net income and risk associated with custom farming, cash rent, and crop-share. The analysis consisted of historical data from the past nine years while predicting the next three years. After creating the net income statement, the option providing the most income over the long-run was to have the land custom farmed. Custom farming also brought the most income variability or risk; while cash rent showed to have the lowest risk with the least variable income.

The thesis is concerned with comparison of different aspects of a transfer of a control over assets of a joint stock company based on an Agreement on Sale of Enterprise and Share Purchase Agreement. First, an enterprise and shares are defined and then the thesis is concerned with obligatory aspects of an Agreement on Sale of Enterprise and of Share Purchase Agreement. Afterwards, the thesis compare both legal regulations from pint of view of transfer of rights and obligations to the purchaser of the enterprise/shares, from the point of view of liability for defects, from the corporate point of view (consent of the general meeting of the respective joint stock company) and finally comparison from the point of view of competition law (necessary consent of the Anti-monopoly Office or at the European level necessary consent of the Commission).

The final thesis deals with a share in a private limited company as a security. An introduction chapter is being followed by a chapter describing the historical development of the pledge over a share in a private company limited by shares and the securing ownership transfer on the current territory of the Czech Republic. The next chapter deals with the basic preconditions of a valid pledge contract over share. The transferability of a share, different rules for transfer contract and pledge contract and future pledge contract are being stressed. The new case law of the Supreme Court of the Czech Republic dealing with the pledge contract over shares is discussed. The following chapter inquires the problems regarding the registration of the pledge in the commercial register and protection of the good faith when dealing in trust in the data registered in the commercial register. The right to propose the registration of the pledge to the commercial register is examined. The author compares the protection of the good faith when dealing in trust in the commercial register and the land register in the fourth chapter. The possibility to acquire a pledge on a share from a non-owner and the possible acquisition of a share without any rights of third persons is considered. The possibility of acquisition of the...