Submitted by Marta Toyoda (1144061@mackenzie.br) on 2017-01-13T20:10:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Felipe Vivian Goulart.pdf: 1052499 bytes, checksum: 2d958395db46ca5de0a19bd0b368646e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Paola Damato (repositorio@mackenzie.br) on 2017-02-04T16:33:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Felipe Vivian Goulart.pdf: 1052499 bytes, checksum: 2d958395db46ca5de0a19bd0b368646e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-04T16:33:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Felipe Vivian Goulart.pdf: 1052499 bytes, checksum: 2d958395db46ca5de0a19bd0b368646e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-13 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / Inasmuch as the Portuguese conjugational paradigm includes specific inflections for each person, as well as distinctions between singular and plural, it would make sense to expect pronominal subject omission to be the norm in this language. This does not, however, seem to be the case in Brazilian Portuguese, a variety in which subject expression may occur even when, at first sight, there are no factors making such explicitness necessary, especially in informal spoken language. The aim of this paper is, thus, to determine the conditioning factors of the choice between overt subject and zero subject in informal Brazilian Portuguese, with a scope limited to the first person singular. Although the theoretical framework of this paper is primarily functional, some sociolinguistic support was also deemed necessary, especially regarding diaphasic variation and self-monitoring. Due to the need for a body of data which reflected the reality of language in its most spontaneous form, unmarked by self-censorship or concern for form, it seemed appropriate to elect as the corpus for this analysis the new genre of videologs, prototypically consisting of homemade, unscripted, online-published videos. The analysis reveals that subject expression is motivated by many other necessities besides the guarantee that the listener will be able to identify the subject intended by the speaker. / Por ser o português uma língua cujo paradigma conjugacional tradicional traz desinências específicas para cada pessoa verbal, também com formas distintas para o singular e o plural, seria de esperar que fosse canônico nesse idioma o apagamento do sujeito pronominal. Esse não parece, no entanto, ser o caso no português brasileiro, variedade em que o preenchimento do sujeito pode ocorrer mesmo quando, à primeira vista, não se verifica a presença de qualquer fator que atue na necessidade de tal explicitação, sobretudo na oralidade informal. O objetivo deste trabalho é, portanto, apontar os fatores condicionantes da escolha entre sujeito expresso e sujeito zero no português brasileiro informal, sendo a investigação restrita à 1ª pessoa do singular. Embora a base teórica do trabalho seja primariamente funcional, também se recorre ao suporte sociolinguístico, especialmente quanto à variação diafásica e ao monitoramento. Diante da necessidade de um material de análise que refletisse a realidade da linguagem em sua forma mais espontânea, não marcada por autocensura ou preocupação com a forma, elegeu-se como corpus o gênero novo dos videologs, constituído prototipicamente por vídeos amadores e não roteirizados publicados na Internet. A análise revela que a explicitação do sujeito é motivada por diversas outras necessidades além da garantia de que o ouvinte será capaz de identificar o sujeito pretendido pelo falante.

Neste trabalho, definimos a obstrução local de Euler de um espaço analítico complexo singular (X, \'x IND.0\'), denotada por Eu(X, \'x IND.0\'), e a obstrução local de Euler de uma função holomorfa f definida neste espaço, com uma singularidade isolada em \'x IND. 0\', denotada por \'Eu IND. f\' (X, \'x IND.0\'); e apresentamos duas fórmulas para seus respectivos cálculos. Em seguida, através de uma abordagem geométrica, determinamos as relações entre \'Eu IND. f\' (X,\'x IND.0\') e algumas generalizações do número de Milnor para funções em espaços singulares / In this work we define the local Euler obstruction of a complex analytic singularity (X, \'x IND.0\'), denoted Eu(X, \'x IND.0\'), and the local Euler obstruction of a holomorphic function f defined on this space, with an isolated singularity at \'x IND. 0\', denoted \'Eu IND. f\' (X, \'x IND.0\'); and we present two formulas for their respective calculations. Next, using a geometric approach, we determine the relations between \'Eu IND.f\' (X, \'x IND.0\') and several generalizations of the Milnor number for functions on singular spaces

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-06-26T17:28:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 joseamanciodossantos.pdf: 408905 bytes, checksum: 5a4696372063642f4350d6dbd066da13 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-08-07T20:37:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 joseamanciodossantos.pdf: 408905 bytes, checksum: 5a4696372063642f4350d6dbd066da13 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-07T20:37:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 joseamanciodossantos.pdf: 408905 bytes, checksum: 5a4696372063642f4350d6dbd066da13 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-16 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Como é bem conhecido, os campos quânticos estudados na TQC satisfazem o princípio de localidade segundo pontos do espaço-tempo. Entretanto, os príncipios da física também admitem campos quânticos que satisfazem a uma condição de localidade determinada por strings 1, as quais são semi-retas no espaço-tempo partindo de algum ponto (evento) e se estendendo em alguma direção do tipo espaço. Devido a esta noção de localidade via string, dizemos que tais campos possuem localização do tipo-string. Por outro lado, nos referimos aos campos cuja localidade é caracterizada por pontos do espaço-tempo, dizendo que eles possuem localização do tipo-ponto ou que são puntiformemente localizados. O interesse na localização do tipo-string está na possibilidade de campos com tal localização apresentarem um comportamento UV, isto é, em altas energias, menos singular do que os campos com a localização do tipo-ponto, permitindo assim a obtenção de mais modelos interagentes com localização do tipo-string. Campos livres com localização tipo-string já foram obtidos para vários tipos de partículas [1, 2], a partir dos quais pode-se construir modelos interagentes. No entanto, para realizar esta tarefa, ou seja, construir modelos com interação a partir do campo livre, deve-se fazer uma análise da função de dois pontos do campo livre correspondente. Neste ponto se faz necessário o uso de certos conceitos e instrumentos - por exemplo: suporte singular, wave front set e scaling degree - na análise da função de dois pontos. Neste texto procuramos introduzir estes conceitos e instrumentos. Além disso, consideramos um modelo de campo escalar livre com localização do tipo-string para uma partícula massiva com spin nulo, para o qual apresentamos e procuramos analisar a estrutura de singularidades da função de dois pontos correspondente, dando uma interpretação em termos de strings. / As is well-known, the quantum fields studied in QFT satisfy the principle of locality according to points in space-time. However, the principles of physics also admit quantum fields that satisfy a condition of locality determined by strings2, which are rays (semi axes) in space-time starting from some point (event) and extending in some space-like direction. Due to this notion of locality via string, we say that such fields are string-localized. On the other hand, we refer to fields whose locality is characterized by points in space-time, saying that they are localized on points. The interest in string localization is the possibility that fields with such kind of localization present a less singular UV behaviour, that is, at high energy, than that of fields localized on points, and then permitting the construction of more interacting models. String-localized free quantum fields have been constructed for many particles types [1, 2], from which one can construct interacting models. However, in order to do this, that is, to construct interacting models from the free fields, it is necessary to analyse the two point function of the corresponding free fields. At this point we have to use some concepts and tools - for example: singular support, wave front set and scaling degree - to analyse the two point function. In this text we introduce these concepts and tools. Moreover, we consider a string-localized free scalar quantum field model for a massive spin zero particle, for which we present and analyse the singularity structure of the corresponding two point function, giving a interpretation in terms of strings.

We revisit the influential economic growth model by Lucas (1988) ["On the mechanics of economic development." Journal of Monetary Economics, 22(1):3-42], assuming that households optimally allocate consumption and education over the life-cycle given an exogenous interest rate and exogenous wages. We show that in such a partial equilibrium setting, the original two-state (physical capital and human capital) optimization problem can be decomposed into two single-state optimal control models. This transformation allows us to rigorously prove the existence of a singular control describing the allocation of education time along a balanced growth path. We derive a constructive condition for a singular control to exist and show that under this condition infinitely many singular controls are optimal in the individual household problem. In contrast to the original general equilibrium framework in which an agent always chooses part-time education and part-time work, in our framework such an agent might find it optimal to allocate her whole available time to education at the beginning of her life and to focus on labor supply only when she is older. (authors' abstract) / Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series

Singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion problems exhibit in general solutions with anisotropic features, e.g. strong boundary and/or interior layers. This anisotropy is reflected in the discretization by using meshes with anisotropic elements. The quality of the numerical solution rests on the robustness of the a posteriori error estimator with respect to both the perturbation parameters of the problem and the anisotropy of the mesh. An estimator that has shown to be one of the most reliable for reaction-diffusion problem is the <i>equilibrated residual method</i> and its modification done by Ainsworth and Babuška for singularly perturbed problem. However, even the modified method is not robust in the case of anisotropic meshes. The present work modifies the equilibrated residual method for anisotropic meshes. The resulting error estimator is equivalent to the equilibrated residual method in the case of isotropic meshes and is proved to be robust on anisotropic meshes as well. A numerical example confirms the theory.

A singularly perturbed reaction diffusion problem is considered. The small diffusion coefficient generically leads to solutions with boundary layers. The problem is discretized by a vertex-centered finite volume method. The anisotropy of the solution is reflected by using \emph{anisotropic meshes} which can improve the accuracy of the discretization considerably. The main focus is on \emph{a posteriori} error estimation. A residual type error estimator is proposed and rigorously analysed. It is shown to be robust with respect to the small perturbation parameter. The estimator is also robust with respect to the mesh anisotropy as long as the anisotropic mesh sufficiently reflects the anisotropy of the solution (which is almost always the case for sensible discretizations). Altogether, reliable and efficient \emph{a posteriori} error estimation is achieved for the finite volume method on anisotropic meshes.

« Quel est le point commun entre un fou, un poète, un artiste, un curé, une personne handicapée mentale et un facteur? L'Art Brut bien sûr». L’Art Brut (les anglophones préfèrent la notion d' Outsider Art) et sa déclinaison actuelle, l'Art Singulier apparaissent comme un sujet qui dépasse largement le cadre artistique et l'invention de Jean Dubuffet en 1945, pour s'étendre au domaine de la psychologie et de la sociologie, en « touchant » la société toute entière. Ce phénomène social et artistique, dans sa diversité, ses manifestations et ses paradoxes, interroge tout autant la sociologie, que l'histoire de l'art. Le regain d'intérêt actuel pour cette forme d'expression singulière, liée à une morale et à une certaine vision del'existence, nous interroge sur des questions essentielles de la vie sociale. A partir d'une enquête et d'entretiens avec des artistes contemporains, nous avons voulu interroger la filiation, artistique et sociologique, entre les pionniers del'Art Brut et les créateurs, qui se réclament aujourd'hui de l'Art Singulier; comprendre le sens de la multiplication des expositions et des manifestations qui sont consacrées à une forme artistique qui semble aujourd'hui cristalliser unecontestation de l'art contemporain officiel et un engagement social spécifique des artistes, dans leur mode de vie et leur rapport au travail. A travers l'étude des thèmes et de l'esthétique particulière à cet« art populaire contemporain», nous avons aussi voulu comprendre quelle vision du monde voulaient nous faire partager ces artistes atypiques et en quoi leurs œuvres étaient révélatrices d'une morale, mais aussi constitutives d'un courant et d'un style. / "What do a lunatic, a poet, an artist, a priest, a mentally retarded person and a postman have in common? "Outsider Art, of course" Outsider art (as it is referred to by English speakers) and its current approach Known as Singular Art (Art Singulier) appear like a subject that goes way beyond the artistic scope and the invention by Jean Dubuffet in 1945, to extend to the field of psychology and sociology, thus encompassing "society at large». This artistic and social phenomenon, through its diversity, its various expressions and paradoxes, raises questions in sociology as well as in the history of Art. The current renewed interest for that furur of uncommon artistic expression, linked to ethics and a certain vision of existence, makes us ponder over the essential issues of social life. Through a survey and several interviews with contemporary artists, we have sociological relation between the pioneers of " Art Brut " and today's artists who claim to belong to " Art Singulier"; we have also tried to understand the meaning of the many exhibitions as well as multifarious .events dedicated to a forum of Art which seems, today, to embody a certain anti-official contemporary trend as well as a specific social commitment from the artists, in their way of life as well as in the relation they have with their own work. By studying the themes and aesthetics of that "contemporary popular art" we have endeavoured to understand what vision of world those atypical artists wanted to share with us and to what extent their works revealed an ethnics and also actually built up an artistic movement and a style.

We show that the singular numbers of single layer potentials on smooth curves asymptotically behave like O(1/n). For the curves with singularities, as long as they contain a smooth sub-arc, the resulting single layer potentials are never trace-class. We provide upper bounds for the operator and the Hilbert-Schmidt norms of single layer potentials on smooth and chord-arc curves. Regarding the injectivity of single layer potentials on planar curves, we prove that among single layer potentials on dilations of a given curve, only one yields a non-injective single layer potential. A criterion for injectivity of single layer potentials on ellipses is given. We establish an isoperimetric inequality for Schatten p−norms of logarithmic potentials over quadrilaterals and its analogue for Newtonian potentials on parallelepipeds.

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第23323号 / 情博第759号 / 新制||情||129(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科数理工学専攻 / (主査)教授 中村 佳正, 教授 矢ヶ崎 一幸, 准教授 辻本 諭 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

We extend the recently developed rough path theory to the case of more rough noise and/or more singular Volterra kernels. It was already observed that the Volterra rough path introduced there did not satisfy any geometric relation, similar to that observed in classical rough path theory. Thus, an extension of the theory to more irregular driving signals requires a deeper understanding of the specific algebraic structure arising in the Volterra rough path. Inspired by the elements of "non-geometric rough paths" developed, we provide a simple description of the Volterra rough path and the controlled Volterra process in terms of rooted trees, and with this description we are able to solve rough Volterra equations driven by more irregular signals.