Abstract The main topic of this study is IPV (Intimate Partner Violence) with a focus on the men that are exposed. The empirical data was examined from a stigma and a gender perspective. The purpose of my thesis was to investigate how different beliefs and social norms about male and female affect how men exclude themselves and are excluded, for example, from social safety nets. I started my study with inspiration from internet-based material about a woman and a man's experience with IPV. I fetched empirical data by attending a seminar on Youth IPV and in semi-structured interviews of two professionals, one who works with male victims of IPV and one who works with violence victims in generally. I also interviewed four men who has been exposed to IPV. Through my informants' stories I was able to investigate whether there were social circumstances that could affect IPV, which came about through varying concrete examples. Also how IPV distinguishes itself when the man is the vulnerable instead of the woman because most of the information and material available in Sweden is about the woman's over-represented vulnerability. With the help of previous research and literature that I used in my study, I came to the conclusion that the most effective method of analyzing IPV among men is through the personal meeting in an interview because the subject is otherwise taboo. My study showed that IPV differs where the practitioner is male or female because women use more mental violence while men use most physical violence and since the mental violence is easier to hide, the subject remains unlit partly because of the men's own silence and partly because the environment is not equipped to emphasize this kind of problem.

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Several organizations actively work for children's rights to a safe and secure upbringing (WHO, 2022b; UNICEF, 2021). Despite this, over 1 billion children were exposed to physical, sexual, or psychological/emotional harm in 2021 (WHO, 2022c). Children exposed to maltreatment, abuse, and neglect during childhood are affected in their attachment, self-esteem, and trust. They are also at risk for higher vulnerability to physical illness, mental illness, eating disorders, alcohol- or drug abuse, and developing criminal behavior. The current systematic literature review aims to provide further knowledge about how professionals identify child maltreatment and which influencing factors affect the professionals’ actions to the suspicions. The study reviews nine articles together with a literature background to identify patterns and shortcomings. The current study highlights that indications of maltreatment are recognizable, despite if the definition of maltreatment is occasionally viewed as non-specific. Recognized indications are, among other things, visible changes, damage to the body, and changes in behavior and actions. The study also shows that professionals often lack knowledge and awareness of child maltreatment. Factors that inhibit action include culture, values, fear of misjudging the situation, or negative impact on the relationship with the child's network. It could also be due to organizational deficiencies such as time and resources. / Barns rättigheter till en trygg och säker uppväxt, arbetar flera organisationer aktivt för (WHO, 2022b; UNICEF, 2021). Trots detta utsattes över 1000 miljarder barn för fysisk-, sexuellt-, eller psykiskt/känslomässigt skada, under 2021 (WHO, 2022c). Barn som exponeras för misshandel och försummelse under dess uppväxt, påverkas såväl i deras anknytning, självkänsla och tillit. De löper även högre risk för fysiska sjukdomar, psykisk ohälsa, ätstörning, alkohol- och drogmissbruk samt utveckla kriminellt beteende. Aktuell systematiska litteraturöversikt syftar till att tillgodose ytterligare kunskap om hur yrkesverksamma identifierar barnmisshandel samt vilka faktorer som påverkar dess agerande på misstankarna. Studien granskar nio forskningsartiklar, tillsammans med bakgrunds litteratur för att identifiera mönster och brister. Aktuell studie påvisar att indikationer på misshandel är igenkännbara, trots att definitionen utav misshandel ibland ses som ospecifik. Indikationerna är bland annat synliga förändringar och skador på kroppen samt förändringar i beteende och agerande. Studien påvisar också att yrkesverksamma saknar kunskap och medvetenhet om barnmisshandel. Faktorer som hämmar agerande var bland annat kultur, värderingar, rädsla att missbedöma situationen eller negativ påverkan på relation till barnets nätverk. Det kunde även vara utifrån organisatoriska brister så som tid och resurser.