The powerful technical capabilities of smartphones offer unprecedented opportunities for collecting dietary information. We have developed an enhanced smartphone application called MyEnergyBalance, which permits imaged-based self-monitoring of all foods consumed, and links to a convenient and user-friendly web-based dietary assessment tool. The primary objective of this pilot study was to determine if the MyEnergyBalance app (with use of images) in combination of the associated website improves dietary recall compared to diet analysis on the MyEnergyBalance website alone. We also generated preliminary data on the usability of the MyEnergyBalance iPhone app and website. This pilot study was a crossover study design of healthy, college students. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups. Both groups consumed their normal diet for the first day with one group recording their food intake with image functions of the MyEnergyBalance app, while the other group did not use the app. On the second day, all participants logged into the MyEnergyBalance website to record their food intake from the previous day; one group using the images from the app to assist in recalling what they ate, while the other group recalled what they ate from memory. The diet analysis results were compared to those obtained using the ASA24 website. The groups were then crossed over to the opposite vs no-image assisted recalls. Ten participants (seven females and three males) aged 20 to 22 years completed this study. The average BMI of all participants was 23.12 kg/m2 (ranging from 18.95 to 32.28 kg/m2). There was no statistically significant differences in the estimates of the energy intake between the MyEnergyBalance app and website compared to ASA24. The SUS mean score for the MyEnergyBalance app and website was 86 and 69.5, respectively. A strong, negative correlation was found between the system usability scale scores and the absolute differences in energy intake of the MyEnergyBalance app and ASA24. Although we were not able to demonstrate a significant benefit of the images from the iPhone app at improving food recall (perhaps due to the small study sample size), we were able to demonstrate a high usability score for the iPhone app, average usability score for the website, and a significant correlation between subjects' usability scores and relative accuracy of the subjects' food recall using the images from the iPhone app. A future study with a larger sample size will hopefully provide more information on the efficacy of image-based food recalls.

Since 1999 when the report To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health System was released, medical errors have come into focus (Kohn, 2000). In an effort to reduce medication administration errors in prehospital emergency care, an android-based smartphone application simulation was created. The app has components including QR barcode scanning, text to speech for medication cross-checking, weight-based medication dose calculations, and time stamped medication data wirelessly transferring to a database in real-time. Color standard identification was implemented, aiding to a designed systematic process for patient treatment to reduce medication errors. Direct observation was performed of emergency patient calls with Richmond Ambulance Authority’s providers for a preliminary assessment. Device testing was assessed with emergency medical interns and functionally tested in different light environments. Results showed how similar different pharmaceutical vendors created medication labeling and that 58.3% of medical experts would say this device served to reduce medication administration errors.

Background: Within one year after the end of treatment the relapse occur in 20-80% of clients. In case of methamphetamine results indicate that after six months appear relapse in 36% of clients and from 7 to 19 months after cessation of treatment relapse occur in rest of 15% of them. These situations include the occurrence of craving by clients in therapy and after undergoing of therapy too. Craving during abstinence from 20 to 120 weeks indicate 60- 70% of abstinence clients. In recent years become useful method for data collection - a method of Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA). This method collects data from clients in real time in their natural environment via smartphones. Aim: The aim of this work is to investigate the possibilities and limits of application of the method (EMA) with the help of smartphones in terms of residential treatment for clients addicted to methamphetamine. Sample: 12 patients in mid-term hospital treatment which use smartphone with EMA application focused on craving. Methods: Semi-structured interview with patients, other patients and staff about smartphones/EMA application and how influence the treatment. Results: Most of patients, co-patients and staff didn't have problem with the presence of smartphones in the residential treatment. Functioning in the treatment...

The theoretical part of this thesis intends to familiarize the reader with review of the results of recent studies of how a mobile phone affects individuals, communication and society as a whole. Space is given to the issue of behavioural differences between men and women in relation to mobile phones. The last section shows how big is the attention given to a mobile phone in the field of marketing research. In the research part, the author uses methods typical rather to marketing research, an eye tracking, RTA and interviews to do the research whose goal was to describe the process of selection when buying a mobile phone via e- shop and to point out the possible differences between men and women. Measuring eye attention of 50 participants in the age of 18 - 29 years (25 men, 25 women) showed that eye behaviour of men and women when choosing a mobile phone differed significantly, particularly at the time that respondents gave to particular information areas. The interviews resulted in further differences such as differences in the importance of different criteria for both genders or unequal level of independence in selecting the phone.

The aim of the diploma thesis is to explore the influence that smartphones have on personal (romantic) relationships. The thesis examines the influence of smartphones on private lives of partners. The first part of the thesis focuses on literature review presenting key studies that pursued similar topics as the research project. The research as such is described in the following chapters. The methodological basis of the project are in-depth interviews accompanied by questionnaire. The main part of the thesis is description of the research questions, the research sample, the process of analysis, and the interpretation of results of in-depth interviews and questionnaire. The achieved results were interpreted in the context of selected theoretical concepts. Mainly the concepts of Liquid modernity / Liquid love by Zygmunt Bauman and iDisorder by Larry Rosen were used. The aim of the thesis was to find out what kind of influence smartphones have on meeting a potential partner, on a consequent relationship, and also on a possible separation.

The chapter house of the Benedictine priory of Saint John Le Bas-Nueil, currently located in the Worcester Art Museum, is an impressive piece of architecture. However, visitors are currently restricted to admiring the structure and its restoration only, as there is limited information presented in the museum about the room’s original use. The purpose of this project was to produce a low-impact, narrative-driven audio experience designed to increase visitor interest in the museum in general and Benedictine life during the twelfth century in particular. The prototype produced combines elements of traditional audio tours, radio drama, and question-and-answer interaction sequences to provide a self-driven immersive experience.

Smartphones har blivit en naturlig del av vår vardag och smarta applikationer ger oss ständigt nya möjligheter. Samtidigt som det finns många positiva sidor med tekniken är det av vikt att undersöka vilka konsekvenser den teknologiska utvecklingen kan få på människor samt vad orsakerna bakom detta är. Smartphones har ökat i tillgänglighet och vi kan bli beroende av dess funktioner, men även beroende av möjligheterna de ger oss. Denna studie undersökte samband mellan personlighetsdrag, symtom på psykisk ohälsa och smartphoneberoende bland studenter (n = 103). Smartphoneberoende mättes utifrån skalan SAS-SV. Ett webbformulär publicerades på studentplattformar med frågor om smartphoneberoende, personlighet och psykisk ohälsa. Ett positivt samband mellan depression, ångest, stress och smartphoneberoende hittades. Bland personlighetsdrag hade neuroticism ett positivt samband med smartphoneberoende samt extraversion och samvetsgrannhet hade ett negativt. Regressionanalys visade att neuroticism positivt och samvetsgrannhet negativt kunde predicera smartphonebeorende. Resultaten diskuteras utifrån tidigare litteratur och vi föreslår att mer longitudinell forskning behövs för att fastslå eventuell kausalitet. / Smartphones have become a natural part of our everyday life and smart applications constantly give us new possibilities. While there are many positive aspects of the technology, it is important to examine what the consequences could be of the technological development. Smartphones have increased in availability and we have become addicted to the opportunities everyday technologies such as smartphones offer us. This study examined the relationships between personality traits, symptoms of mental illness and smartphone addiction among students (n = 103) using web-based assessments. Smartphone addiction was assessed with SAS-SV. We found positive associations between mental symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress and smartphone addiction. Neuroticism had a positive relationship with smartphone addiction but other Big Five personality traits such as extraversion and conscientiousness showed negative association with smartphone addiction. Regression analysis showed that neuroticism positively, but conscientiousness negatively predicted smartphone addiction in our sample. We discussed our results according to the previous literature and suggest that further longitudinal research is needed to determine possible causality between the measured factors.

Syfte:Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka hur en smartphone kan användas inom rehabilitering efter FHS, i vilken utsträckning smartphonen används. Vilka effekter smartphonen kan ge på i det dagliga livet samt betydelsen en smartphone kan utgöra. Metod:För att besvara syftet så utfördes en litteraturstudie som innefattar kvalitativ och kvantitativ forskning baserad på åtta studier.  Resultat:Smartphonen har många fördelar som ett kompensatoriskt hjälpmedel samt är betydelsefull för personerna i det dagliga livet på många sätt. Signifikanta effekter kunde uppmätas som ledde till att fler aktiviteter både påbörjas och avslutades i rätt tid, därmed så hanteras många av grundproblemen med förvärvad hjärnskada (FHS), såsom svårigheter med minne, planering, initiering och organisering. Smartphonen föredrogs också av användarna framför andra hjälpmedel.  Slutsats:Studien visar att de finns stora fördelar med att implementera smartphonen som en del av rehabiliteringen av förvärvad hjärnskada. Vidare visar studien att smartphonen är den del av människors liv oavsett med eller utan FHS.  Det finns behov av vidare forskning inom ämnet då det finns få studier som belyser smartphonens som kompensatoriskt hjälpmedel i dagsläget. / Aim: The aim of this literature study was to describe how the smartphone is used as a compensatory aid in rehabilitation and the importance it can have for people with acquired brain injury. Method: To answer the purpose, a literature study was carried out which included qualitative and quantitative research based on eight studies. Result: The smartphone has many advantages as a compensatory aid and it shows important for people with acquired brain injury in their daily life in many ways. Significant effects could be measured which led to more activities being initiated and completed at the right time, thus many of the basic problems with acquired brain injury are addressed, such as problems with memory, planning, initiation and organization. The smartphone was also preferred by the users in front of other devices. Conclusion: The study shows great advantages in implementing the smartphone as part of the rehabilitation of acquired brain injury. Furthermore, the study shows that the smartphone is the part of people's lives regardless of if they suffer from acquired brain damage or not. There is a need for further research within the subject since there are few studies that shed light on smartphone's as compensatory aid at present.

This study examined the use of an iPhone and List Recorder application to teach three adolescents with autism spectrum disorder to enhance their interpersonal daily living skills in a community setting. Participants were taught to use interpersonal skills to perform an ordering and purchasing task. A multiple probe design across participants was used to demonstrate the effects of the intervention on the participants’ performance. Results indicated an increase in interpersonal skills used in a community setting. Participants were able to generalize these skills to another community setting. Finally, participants were able to demonstrate these skills once the intervention was removed during follow-up. Implications for future research are discussed. / Includes bibliography. / Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

Background: There are significant psychological challenges faced by people throughout their lives and many of these challenges can be readily understood from a contextual behavioural science perspective, and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) shows promise as a theoretically and practically relevant intervention. Some problems faced in delivering such an intervention are volume and access to healthcare. A potential solution to this is to design theoretically driven interventions which can be delivered through technology. These need to be interactive, individually shaped and will combine mindfulness, acceptance and values. Such interventions need to be evaluated scientifically according to acceptability, quality, safety and effectiveness. Aims: This thesis has two sections. Firstly, a systematic review aiming to assess the acceptability and effectiveness of using technology to deliver ACT. Secondly, an empirical research study aiming to analyse the experiences of using an ACT based app for young people with type 1 diabetes (TD1). Methods: The review searched 11 databases, and a related website. Included studies were required to use a form of technology to deliver ACT, with no real-time therapist. Two independent researchers determined inclusion of articles into the review and rated the studies according to the quality criteria. Where there was uncertainty a third reviewer was used. For the empirical study, individual interviews of 9 young people aged 13-22 years with TD1 were asked about their experiences of using the ACT based app. Framework analysis was used to determine themes. Results: The review search yielded 18 studies which met inclusion criteria. Findings highlighted that generally these interventions were seen as acceptable and satisfactory. All of these interventions were conducted in an adult population, and qualitative data was not robustly accounted for. The empirical research found two main themes: ‘Desire for apps to represent my needs’ and ‘How diabetes impacts me and how this could potentially be addressed in an app’. Discussion: Both the review and empirical study found that participants were positive about the use of technology to deliver ACT. Developmental progress needs to be made in the app to truly represent the needs of young people with TD1. These interventions could enhance the availability of psychological therapies. This has been highlighted as a government objective in several countries. Methodological weaknesses limit conclusions, such as underpowered studies. As this is a fast growing body of research it is hoped that future studies could be more similar methodologically. It would still be interesting to determine whether asynchronous contact enhances the cost-effectiveness of this form treatment. This thesis has provided me with the opportunity to design an ACT protocol for young people with type 1 diabetes (TD1). It has helped me to fully understand the undertaking which goes into designing apps and the scope of how responsive apps can be. It has given me the chance to communicate with people from different professional backgrounds to create a shared language, an opportunity to lead and manage a project and much more. With the help of my supervisor in my first year of training, we established links with the informatics department to see if students would be able to help with the programming of such an app. We had to create a synopsis of the proposed study to entice students to undertake the project as part of their degree. An interested student was assigned the project and meetings were held to determine our expectations and to establish the scope of what could be created. A second student took on the project during my second year or training. During this time my supervisor and I created a protocol of the content for the app. This was based on previous ACT protocols and tools we were aware of, which we thought might be helpful. A lot of thought had to go into trying to keep the content concise, including different modes of delivery (MP3s, video, animation etc), making the content applicable to young people with TD1 based on previous literature, and thinking about how interactive the app could be. Friends were also relied on to create graphics for the app. I went to different health boards across Scotland to meet with Diabetes teams to inform them about the project and to gather advice on the appropriateness of the diabetes information within the content of the app, and to determine whether they were interested in taking part in the study. I tested the initial prototype and glitches were ironed out. The next stage was to test the app on professionals working in the field, and to gather their feedback through focus groups. Adaptations to the app were made based on this. The app was initially made for Android phone devices based on general market research indicating that there was little evidence that one platform was more popular in adolescents. The diabetes teams and I tried to recruit young people with TD1 from their usual diabetes clinics. Initial barriers to recruitment were that at least 50% of young people had iPhones so could not download the app, and others did not seem interested in downloading the app to take part in the study. Funding of 10 Android tablets was agreed by the University. I attended the usual diabetes clinics in NHS Lothian and young people with TD1 started to volunteer to take part in the study. Originally it was hoped a trial of the effectiveness of the app would be carried out, but the difficulties in recruitment meant that instead I decided to use a qualitative methodology to explore young people’s experiences of using the app.