There are several methods to measure surface evenness for car roads, but almost none for bike paths. Accordingly, VTI (the Swedish National Road and Transport Research Institute) have created a smartphone application which uses the accelerometers in the phone to measure the vibration from the road. This report’s aim is to analyze the data collected using this application, investigate if the data is repeatable, to find factors that are important for evenness and perform classification of bike paths as even or wiggly. Two main methods were used, Gaussian process and wavelets. Gaussian process was used to classify bike paths and wavelets to investigate the repeatability and see how many trips are needed to get a consistent result. The results show that the two different smartphones gave quite different results; one smartphone indicated almost twice as high RMS values (measure of vibration) than the other. The GPS positions of smartphones were quite good, except under a tunnel and close to high buildings. Some short section of the road gave very high or very low RMS values, but the general standard of all investigated bike paths were too even to detect any significant differences between the paths. The results show that there’s some unexplained variance in the turns, but the effect of the turns hasn’t been tested. The wavelets analysis show that around 15 trips were needed to get a consistent result. The report contains a description of a designed experiment that will continue this project. This new data will be collected in a more carefully to make a better separation between good and bad cycle routes by the RMS value. / <p>Uppdragsgivare: VTI (Anna Niska och Leif Sjögren)</p>

The objective of this research is to analyze how the demographic characteristics and reported home locations of Cycle Atlanta smartphone app users compare to those of cyclists reflected by other datasets. The findings of this research show that the majority of Cycle Atlanta users are young, white males belonging to either a very high annual income group or a low annual income group, with fewer users belonging to middle-income groups. Most of the app's users live in east-side, ``intown' Atlanta neighborhoods. Other cyclist data for the Atlanta area show similar trends, although less pronounced than the trends exhibited by Cycle Atlanta users. Because smartphone apps such as Cycle Atlanta are a fairly recent innovation, there is still a great deal of uncertainty as to how equitably they can gather bicycle data. The research presented in this thesis has the potential to empower transportation planners to plan bicycle facilities that will benefit many different facets of the cycling community in Atlanta. This has the potential to increase the mode share of cycling in cities, which will reduce congestion and promote healthier lifestyles.

In our technological society, the growth of applications is not always followed by the growth of network capacity. There is an increasing demand of bandwidth which cannot always be answered properly. It is especially true in wireless networks such as 3G. Mobile devices can store and use more and more applications which are all using the bandwidth without any control. The Internet experience for the end user can thus be quickly degraded. In this respect, my objective in this thesis is to fill the gap on this matter by implementing a traffic shaping software working on Android devices. In order to get the necessary knowledge to create such an application, series of tests are conducted on similar software based on Windows 7. The outcome of this research is my own solution to shape the traffic on Android mobile devices. The software allows the end user to choose which of his applications should get a higher priority to improve his overall experience with them.

This project examines the level of accuracy that can be achieved in precision positioning by using built-in sensors in an Android smartphone. The project is focused in estimating the position of the phone inside a building where the GPS signal is bad or unavailable. The approach is sensor-fusion: by using data from the device’s different sensors, such as accelerometer, gyroscope and wireless adapter, the position is determined. The results show that the technique is promising for future handheld indoor navigation systems that can be used in malls, museums, large office buildings, hospitals, etc.

Användningen av GPS-teknik har på senare år tagit ett stort steg framåt. I dag finns den inbyggd i våra datormobiler som inte sällan rapporterar var vi befinner oss. I denna uppsats undersöks hur datormobilanvändare påverkas av datormobilens inbyggda GPS. Teknik utvecklas ständigt, det som var nytt i går kan kännas gammalt i dag. De senare åren har försäljningen av datormobiler expanderat kraftigt. I takt med detta har Internet blivit något som människor ständigt bär med sig. Då allt fler datormobiler sålts har även mobilapplikationer blivit allt vanligare. Många av dagens applikationer kräver GPS för att fungera och sociala medier erbjuder användare att dela med sig av positionering i samband med inlägg och uppdateringar. En fråga som uppstår i och med detta handlar om bevakning och integritet. I denna uppsats redovisar vi hur datormobilanvändare ser på lokaliseringsfunktionen i mobiltelefonen och hur de ser på GPS-teknologin överlag. De främsta för- och nackdelarna diskuteras och sätts i proportion till varandra. / The use of GPS technology has during the last couple of years made significant progress. Today GPS is a standard function in modern cellphones. The GPS function in the cellphones enables tracking and is also one of the fundamental building stones in many smartphone applications. This essay investigates how users are affected by the GPS function in modern smartphones. Technology is always changing, smartphones and GPS are no exceptions. During the last year the sales and usage of smartphones has increased significantly. As the Internet gets more and more available and people have the possibility to go online with their mobile phones, the usage of smartphone applications also have increased. As of this, applications are now a well-known concept. Many applications need location data in order to function. It’s the smartphones GPS-functionality, built in to whatever application that provides data for positioning. Different social media provides users with their location, which can be used in status updates. A question that often comes up is about the personal integrity and monitoring that follows with GPS tracking. In this essay smartphone users share their comments about the technology. The primary advantages and disadvantages are discussed in proportions to each other.

Den här uppsatsen är en fallstudie på hur man utvecklar ett gränssnitt för mobila applikationer inom e-handel. Framtagandet av data bestod av en enkätundersökning som innefattade 149 stycken respondenter och analyserades med hjälp av en egen designmetod. Med den snabba utvecklingen av teknik vi har idag, är e-handel och mobila applikationer effektiva verktyg och metoder som ofta används av företag. Gränssnitt för ett företags webbsida och mobila applikation är en viktig faktor. Det finns en chans att gränssnitt underskattas av företag och det är en av anledningarna till att många kunder ofta handlar av andra företag på grund av förtroende hos företaget minskar, medan ett bra och användbart gränssnitt kan bidra till att kunder återkommer till ett företag. Den här uppsatsen kan fungera som ett hjälpmedel för företag som skapa en mobilapplikation och fördjupar sig på faktorer som är kritiska när man skapar ett gränssnitt för en mobil applikation inom e-handel. För att utveckla ett bra gränssnitt, tas två generella behov fram som användare har på en mobil e-handelsapplikation och hur informationen ska presenteras. / This essay is a case study on how to develop an interface for e-commerce mobile applications. The development of data consists of a survey that includes 149 respondents and analyzed using a custom design-method. With the rapid development of technology we have today, e-commerce and mobile applications are effective tools and methods commonly used by companies. Interface for a company’s website and mobile application is an important factor. There is a chance that the interface is underestimated by the company and it is one of the reasons that many customers buy products from other companies because of the confidence of the company decreases, while a good and useful interface can contribute to repeat business with a company. This essay can serve as a tool for companies that want to create a mobile application and deepen into factors that are critical when creating an interface for a mobile application in e-commerce. In order to develop a good interface, this essay brings forward two general needs that users have of how a mobile e-commerce application should be designed and how the information shall be presented.

Problem Discussion: The rapid development of the smartphone market led formerly well-established brands to subdue to new entrants. Understanding what drives brand preferences within the dynamic smartphone market is key to formulating marketing efforts that influence purchase intentions. Research Objective: To qualitatively explore how a brand's equity drives Uppsala University students brand preferences within the Swedish smartphone market. Furthermore, to suggest how to increase the level of brand preference that may lead to increased purchase intentions for smartphones. Research Question: a) What are the drivers of brand preferences for Uppsala University students within the Swedish smartphone market? b) How do these brand preferences influence purchase intentions? Method: A qualitative approach is adopted through conducting semi- structured interviews with Uppsala University students. The empirical findings are set against a theoretical framework in order to identify drivers of brand preferences and how they influence purchase intentions. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the Swedish smartphone market appears to be functionally oriented. Perceived quality emerges as the main driver of brand preferences.

Abstract Problem statement – what factors determine brand loyalty in Smartphone? Purpose – The purpose of this study is to examine causal antecedent factors leading to brandloyalty in the Swedish Smartphone market Theory – theoretical review and critical analysis of academic journals related to dependantand independent variables and conceptual model is formulated. Methodology - Quantitative approach is used to quantify the relationship between dependantand independent variables based on the proposed theoretical model that delineates therelationships between dependant variable brand loyalty and the independent variablescustomer satisfaction, perceived quality, brand experience, brand image, brand switching costand product involvement. Data – In total 200 responses were collected through a structured interview from UppsalaUniversity, Uppsala central train and bus station and two big shopping centers in Uppsala (S: tper galleria and Forum galleria). Apple and Sony Ericsson brand users are interviewed in thedata gathering process, 100 respondents for each brand Findings – the analysis suggest brand image, product involvement and customer satisfactiondetermined brand loyalty in Apple brand, whereas customer satisfaction was the onlydeterminate factor in Sony Ericsson brand

Books and printed materials have been used as a major learning content for thousands of years. Nowadays, Smartphone is considered as an important tool for mobile learning. This study designed a learning environment with paper and Smartphone which seamlessly integrates printed materials and digital materials. The idea is to augment the traditional paper-based materials with plenty of digital materials available on the Internet. Furthermore, because both book and Smartphone are with very good mobility, the designed system is also very suitable for mobile learning. Two special mechanisms were designed for supporting learning activities, and their effects on learning performance were evaluated. The first one is learning recommendation which is generated based on the learning portfolio. The second one is automated content connection which can reduce the loading of context switching between printed materials and digital materials so as learners can be more concentrated on learning tasks. A system was designed and implemented for conducting an experiment and data collection. The statistic analysis shows that learning recommendation has a significant positive effect on learning performance; however, the effect of automated content connection on learning performance is not significant. Besides, the questionnaire survey also shows that learners have positive attitude toward the acceptance of the learning system designed in this study. Based on the results, some implications and suggestions are provided for researchers and instructors.

Reading from paper-based materials has been a major way for people to acquire knowledge. However, paper-based materials are constricted in presenting abstract and complex knowledge or concepts. Recent development of smartphone makes it a device not only for interpersonal communication, but also for accessing rich digital resources over the Internet. Because both paper-based materials and smartphone are mobile and portable, we can make use of the networking capability of smartphone to access digital materials from the Internet to enrich conventional paper-based reading activities such that students¡¦ reading comprehension can be enhanced. The present study came up with an innovative paper-based reading system integrated with digital materials delivered from the smartphone. QR codes were employed to automatically link the content of the print material with relevant digital resources. Also, questions were given to students along the reading process to scaffold the reading activity in order to help students comprehend the essence of the reading pieces. A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the learning system in improving students¡¦ reading comprehension. The results suggested that whether or not using QR code to automate linking digital and print materials does not significantly influence student reading comprehension; however, using questions to scaffold the reading process significantly improves students¡¦ reading comprehension. The survey conducted in the experiment suggested that most of the students agreed that the integrated learning system benefits English reading comprehension. The implication of the results and suggestions to system design and future studies were then addressed.