Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-11-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:47:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 maturana_ps_me_ilha.pdf: 1032347 bytes, checksum: dec94f0e6e09e287ba22966d66ac4e83 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O processamento de imagens é uma área promissora na automação, por poder ser aplicado nas mais variadas atividades da tecnologia como, por exemplo, na medicina, na agricultura de precisão, dentre muitas outras. Este trabalho consiste na aplicação da área de processamento de imagens, voltada a área de segmentação, com os operadores de bordas Roberts, Prewitt e Sobel. Tendo também muita contribuição na área de processamento de imagens e sistemas embarcados, implementando os detectores de bordas na placa FPGA (Field Programmable Gate. Array), por meio de software e de simulações do hardware. A configuração do processador NIOS permitiu a instalação do sistema operacional uClinux e de um software descrito na linguagem C ANSI com a imagem em níveis de cinza particionada em quatro sub- imagens. O hardware gerado, foi modelado com a linguagem de descrição de hardware VHDL (VHSIC – Hardware Description Language). Para serem comparadas às imagens geradas, detectores de bordas no ambiente MATLAB foram aplicado por ser uma ferramenta conhecida, usual, com funções para aplicações na área de processamento de imagens. Para ter um melhor entendimento sobre os algoritmos de detecção de bordas, foram criados algoritmos na linguagem C ANSI / Image processing is a promising area for automation, because it can be applied in a variety of technology activities, for example, in medicine, precision agriculture, among many others. This work is the application of image processing area, facing the segmentation area, with the operators of edges Roberts, Prewitt and Sobel. Also having a lot of contribution in the field of image processing and embedded systems, implementing the edge detectors in the FPGA board by means of simulation software and hardware. The NIOS processor configuration allowed the installation of the uClinux operating system and software described in the ANSI C language with the image in grayscale partitioned into four sub-images. The hardware generated, was modeled with the hardware description language VHDL (VHSIC - Hardware Description Language). To be compared to the images generated, edge detectors were implemented in MATLAB, a tool known, usual, with functions for applications in image processing. To get a better understanding of the edge detection algorithms were created algorithms in ANSI C language

Object detection is the initial step in any image analysis procedure and is essential for the performance of object recognition and augmented reality systems. Research concerning the detection of edges and blobs is particularly rich and many algorithms or methods have been proposed in the literature. This master‟s thesis presents 4 most common blob and edge detectors, proposes method for detected numbers separation and describes the experimental setup and results of object detection and detected numbers separation performance. Finally, we determine which detector demonstrates the best results for mobile augmented reality system. / Objektų aptikimas yra pagrindinis žingsnis vaizdų analizės procese ir yra pagrindinis veiksnys apibrėžiantis našumą objektų atpažinimo ir papildytosios realybės sistemose. Literatūroje gausu metodų ir algoritmų aprašančių sričių ir ribų aptikimą. Šiame magistro laipsnio darbe aprašomi 4 dažniausiai naudojami sričių ir ribų aptikimo algoritmai, pasiūlomas metodas aptiktų skaičių atskyrimo problemai išspręsti. Pateikiami atliktų eksperimentų rezultatai, palyginmas šių algoritmų našumas. Galiausiai yra nustatoma, kuris iš jų yra geriausias.

The application of Image Processing to Autonomous driving has drawn significant attention in recently. However, the demanding nature of the image processing algorithms conveys a considerable burden to any conventional realtime implementation. On the other hand, the emergence of FPGAs has brought numerous facilities toward fast prototyping and implementation of ASICs so that an image processing algorithm can be designed, tested and synthesized in a relatively short period in comparison to traditional approaches. This thesis investigates the best combination of current algorithms to reach an optimum solution to the problem of lane detection and tracking, while aiming to fit the design to a minimal system. The proposed structure realizes three algorithms, namely Edge Detector, Hough Transform, and Kalman filter. For each module, the theoretical background is investigated and a detailed description of the realization is given followed by an analysis of both achievements and shortages of the design. It is concluded by describing the advantages of implementing this architecture and the use of these kinds of systems. / Tillämpningen av bildbehandling inom autonoma fordon har fått stor uppmärksamhet den senaste tiden. Emellertid förmedlar den krävande karaktären hos bildbehandlingsalgoritmerna en stor belastning på vilken konventionell realtidsimplementering som helst. Å andra sidan har framväxten av FPGAer medfört många möjligheter till snabb prototypering och implementering av ASICar så att en bildbehandlingsalgoritm kan utformas, testas och syntetiseras på relativt kort tid jämfört med traditionella tillvägagångssätt. Denna avhandling undersöker den bästa kombinationen av nuvarande algoritmer för att uppnå en optimal lösning på problemet med spårning och fildetektering, med målet att krympa designen till ett minimalt system. Den föreslagna strukturen realiserar tre algoritmer, nämligen Edge Detector, Hough Transform och Kalman filter. För varje modul undersöks den teoretiska bakgrunden och en detaljerad beskrivning av realiseringen ges följd av en analys av både fördelar och brister i konstruktionen. Avhandlingen avslutas med en beskrivning av fördelarna med att implementera lösningen på det sätt den görs och hur dessa system kan användas.

There is a paucity of research juxtaposing parental education level and teacher emotional support in a single study which examines their relative impacts on students’ academic achievements. Therefore, the first objective of this dissertation is to study the influence of parental education level, in comparison to the influence of teacher emotional support, on students’ math performance, by using more representative data and a rigorous statistical method. The second objective is to identify and examine how some important psychological traits (both affective and cognitive) mediate the effects of social factors on students’ math performance. The third objective is to examine whether those relationships are moderated by gender. Hong Kong’s survey data is extracted from the Program of International Students Assessment (2003) as organized by Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), on the math performances of 4,478 students at the age of fifteen. Measurement invariance was first tested, and then followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Two structural models were tested by Structural Equation Modeling using Linear Structural Relations (LISREL) 8.5 which is computer software for SEM. Results indicated that first, parental education level affects children’s math scores by providing home education resources and enhancing children’s math self-efficacy, and second the Self Determination Theory is applicable in supporting the hypothesis that teachers affects their students’ math scores by providing a cooperative learning environment, which in turn, enhances students’ affective and cognitive factors. Three important mediators, namely cooperative learning environment, math self-efficacy, and home education resources are concluded as significant mediating factors upon the effects of parents and teachers on students’ math performance. The perceived support from parents and teachers are not significantly different across gender in Hong Kong. This is consistent with recent studies that differences favoring males in mathematics achievement are disappearing. Theoretical contributions and practical implications are discussed in the final part of the dissertation.

Gegenstand dieser Arbeit ist die Betrachtung verschiedener Likelihoodquotiententest für weibullverteilte Grundgesamtheiten. Zunächst wird der Likelihoodquotiententest mit festem Stichprobenumfang zum Prüfen des Formparameters der Weibullverteilung betrachtet, der zwischen zwei Hypothesen entscheidet. Da eine Beobachtung stetiger Zufallsgrößen in der Praxis nur in eingeschränktem Maße möglich ist, wird nach einer allgemeinen Beschreibung des Tests zu einem Likelihoodquotiententest mit gruppierten Beobachtungen übergegangen. Durch eine Verallgemeinerung des Likelihoodquotiententests mit festem Stichprobenumfang wird der sequentielle Quotiententest eingeführt, wobei nun der Stichprobenumfang eine Zufallsgröße ist. Häufig ist es erwünscht, dass ein Test nicht nur zwischen zwei Hypothesen entscheidet, sondern zwischen mehreren Hypothesen. Dieses Mehrentscheidungsproblem wird anhand des Sobel-Wald-Tests in der vorliegenden Arbeit betrachtet, dabei wird sich auf die Betrachtung von drei Hypothesen zurückgezogen. Neben der Betrachtung der Operationscharakteristiken und des mittleren Stichprobenumfangs für diese Tests, wird zudem untersucht, wie sich diese Charakteristiken bei verschiedenen Parameterkonstellationen ändern.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe “Interaktyvus transporto numerio atpažinimas” nagrinėjami bei pritaikomi stebėjimo zonos išskyrimo, fono eliminavimo, Gauso, Sobel metodai ir algoritmai. Taip pat atliekama metodų bei filtrų analizė. Tyrimo eigoje buvo sukurta programa skirta duomenų įvedimui į kompiuterį iš vaizdo kameros, vaizdo failo arba interneto. Atlikti eismo filtravimo eksperimentai, vartotojų patogumui įgyvendintas įrankis skirtas gauti ir pateikti apdorojimo rezultatus į mobilujį telefoną. / This work presents an approach to license plate localization and recognition. A proposed method is designed to perform recognition of any kind of license plates under any environmental conditions. The main assumption of this method is the ability to recognize all kinds of license plates which can be found in an individual picture. The algorithm takes a raster image as an input, and yields the position of a plate in the image. After the position is determined, the algorithm can determine the locations of characters on the license plate, which could be easily combined with an OCR algorithm to convert the license plate number into an ASCII string. User could view collected license plate localizations results with mobile phone, which has JAVA (MIDP 1.0) support and internet access. Future work could focus on determining the positions of characters more precisely. Determining the correct positions of all characters in a license plate would dramatically improve the results of the license plate recognition.

Orientador: Alexandre César Rodrigues da Silva / Banca: Aledir Silveira Pereira / Banca: Almir Rogério Camolesi / Resumo: O processamento de imagens é uma área promissora na automação, por poder ser aplicado nas mais variadas atividades da tecnologia como, por exemplo, na medicina, na agricultura de precisão, dentre muitas outras. Este trabalho consiste na aplicação da área de processamento de imagens, voltada a área de segmentação, com os operadores de bordas Roberts, Prewitt e Sobel. Tendo também muita contribuição na área de processamento de imagens e sistemas embarcados, implementando os detectores de bordas na placa FPGA (Field Programmable Gate. Array), por meio de software e de simulações do hardware. A configuração do processador NIOS permitiu a instalação do sistema operacional uClinux e de um software descrito na linguagem C ANSI com a imagem em níveis de cinza particionada em quatro sub- imagens. O hardware gerado, foi modelado com a linguagem de descrição de hardware VHDL (VHSIC - Hardware Description Language). Para serem comparadas às imagens geradas, detectores de bordas no ambiente MATLAB foram aplicado por ser uma ferramenta conhecida, usual, com funções para aplicações na área de processamento de imagens. Para ter um melhor entendimento sobre os algoritmos de detecção de bordas, foram criados algoritmos na linguagem C ANSI / Abstract: Image processing is a promising area for automation, because it can be applied in a variety of technology activities, for example, in medicine, precision agriculture, among many others. This work is the application of image processing area, facing the segmentation area, with the operators of edges Roberts, Prewitt and Sobel. Also having a lot of contribution in the field of image processing and embedded systems, implementing the edge detectors in the FPGA board by means of simulation software and hardware. The NIOS processor configuration allowed the installation of the uClinux operating system and software described in the ANSI C language with the image in grayscale partitioned into four sub-images. The hardware generated, was modeled with the hardware description language VHDL (VHSIC - Hardware Description Language). To be compared to the images generated, edge detectors were implemented in MATLAB, a tool known, usual, with functions for applications in image processing. To get a better understanding of the edge detection algorithms were created algorithms in ANSI C language / Mestre

Edge detection is one of the most important application in image processing. Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) have become popular computing platforms for signal and image processing. The Zynq-7000 System on Chip (SOC) is a dual-processor platform with shared memory. The thesis describes a novel and fast implementation of Sobel edge detection using the Zynq-7000 SoC. Our implementation is a combination of software and hardware using the Vivado HLS and Zynq (SoC). As a result our implementation is fast. We make a comparison with other conventional edge detection techniques and show that the speed of operation of this design is much faster.

No description available.

This diploma thesis is engaged in implementations of algorithms for signal filtering in the field programmable gate array utilising the C and ImpulseC programming language. It is focused on one-dimensional FIR and IIR filters and also two-dimensional such as convolution and Sobel's operator. Moreover, evaluations of these filter algorithms are included.