Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-06-21T12:35:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Tadeu Veroneze.pdf: 2998041 bytes, checksum: bb21bd29bbc98e93306236ef0e99a59b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-21T12:35:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Renato Tadeu Veroneze.pdf: 2998041 bytes, checksum: bb21bd29bbc98e93306236ef0e99a59b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The research aims to analyze "radical needs" in Agnes Heller's view as a contribution to understanding the cyclical and structural crises of capital, in the face of the wave of popular demonstrations and the political-economic crisis of the recent years that has affected Brazil, in particular. The choice of theme stemmed from the contradictions generated by these crises from the recognition of the values of freedom, democracy, equality, equity and social justice, in view of the principles established by its ethical-political-professional project of the Brazilian Social Service. In order to understand the limits and the personal, social and professional contradictions between the subjectivity and the objectivity of the individual and collective social subjects, as well as the social and professional limits and contradictions of the work of Agnes Heller, especially in her everyday life, lack and needs theories, and how to broaden the understanding of freedom and social and human emancipation that mark the emancipatory and revolutionary project of Social Service, having as motto a new sociability "beyond capital". The hypothesis raised here is that "radical needs" provoke the organization of civil society to overcome the status quo of social life tied to the destructive logic of capital, in order to understand the dynamics of social movements and popular manifestations, especially in Brazil, as a mobilization of resistance against the Brazilian political-economic crisis and the macrocorruption scheme that has been established in the country's political and economic system. Through a theoretical-conceptual analysis, based on the Marxian legacy and the Marxist tradition, we start from the thesis that it will only be possible to demolish the existing barriers between working time and non-working time, through the organization of civil society revolutionary subject. Only in this way will revolutionary social changes be realized for the anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist struggles. It is in this direction that Agnes Heller points to a new collective revolutionary subject. The "radical needs" are all those that are born in capitalist society as a consequence of the development of civil society, and that can not be satisfied within the limits of the same, which implies in factors that can lead to the overcoming of capitalism, the wage relationship, the concentration of private property, the class struggle and the loss of the bourgeois state. Only on these bases, of a totally new sociability, we do believe that social individuals can fully develop themselves ("wholly and entirely"), in which work, sociability, consciousness, freedom, ethics, art, philosophy, truly free time and idleness are in conformity with the most authentic aspirations raised within the everyday life and in the valuation of the feeling of community as an ontological-social value. We start from these assumptions because, with the precarization and flexibilization of labor relations, outsourcing, globalization, robotics, new technologies, the increase of the service sector, among other vectors, have caused significant changes in the social body of the working class and in their leadership. Thus, in Agnes Heller's view, it is only with the organization of civil society that it will be possible to destroy the overwhelming and destructive wave of capitalism / A pesquisa trata de analisar as “necessidades radicais”, na visão de Agnes Heller enquanto contribuição para entender as crises cíclicas e a estrutural do capital, frente à onda de manifestações populares e a crise político-econômica dos últimos anos que tem afetado, sobretudo, o Brasil. A escolha do tema partiu das contradições geradas por estas crises a partir do reconhecimento dos valores de liberdade, democracia, igualdade, equidade e justiça social, tendo em vista os princípios estabelecidos pelo projeto ético-políticoprofissional do Serviço Social brasileiro. Buscando aprofundar na obra de Agnes Heller, sobretudo, em sua teoria do cotidiano, dos carecimentos e necessidades, de modo a entender os limites e as contradições pessoais, sociais e profissionais entre a subjetividade e a objetividade dos sujeitos sociais, individuais e coletivos, bem como ampliar o entendimento sobre a liberdade e a emancipação social e humana que balizam o projeto emancipatório e revolucionário do Serviço Social, tendo como mote uma nova sociabilidade “para além do capital”. A hipótese aqui levantada é que as “necessidades radicais” provocam a organização da sociedade civil para a superação do status quo da vida social atrelada à lógica destrutiva do capital, de modo a entender a dinâmica dos movimentos sociais e das manifestações populares, sobretudo no Brasil, enquanto mobilização de resistência frente a crise político-econômica brasileira e o esquema de macrocorrupção que tem se firmado no sistema político e econômico do país. Através de uma análise teóricoconceitual, embasada pelo legado marxiano e pela tradição marxista, partimos da tese de que só será possível a demolição das barreiras existentes entre o tempo de trabalho e o tempo de não-trabalho, através da organização da sociedade civil enquanto sujeito revolucionário. Só assim é que se realizará as mudanças sociais revolucionárias para as lutas anticapitalistas e anti-imperialistas. É nessa direção que Agnes Heller aponta para um novo sujeito coletivo revolucionário. As “necessidades radicais” são todas aquelas que nascem na sociedade capitalista como consequência do desenvolvimento da sociedade civil, e que não podem ser satisfeitas dentro dos limites da mesma, o que implica em fatores que possam levar a superação do capitalismo, da relação de assalariamento, da concentração da propriedade privada, da luta de classes e ao definhamento do Estado burguês. Somente sobre essas bases, de uma sociabilidade inteiramente nova, é que acreditamos que os indivíduos sociais possam se desenvolver plenamente (“por inteiro e inteiramente”), na qual trabalho, sociabilidade, consciência, liberdade, ética, arte, filosofia, tempo verdadeiramente livre e ócio estejam em conformidade com as aspirações mais autênticas suscitadas no interior da vida cotidiana e na valoração do sentimento de comunidade enquanto valor ontológico-social. Partimos desses pressupostos porque com a precarização e flexibilização das relações de trabalho, a terceirização, a globalização, a robótica, as novas tecnologias, o aumento do setor de serviços, entre outros vetores, tem provocado alterações significativas no corpo social da classe operária e em suas lideranças. Assim, na visão de Agnes Heller, somente com a organização da sociedade civil é que será possível destruir a onda avassaladora e de destrutibilidade do capitalismo

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El pensamiento del Obsipo Maura sobre la Cuestión Social y la Democracia Cristiana ha sido fundamental para la Doctrina Social de la Iglesia y,en particular, para la Diócesis de Orihuela-Alicante. Al final del siglo XIX y principios del XX conectó con la ciencia y cultura de la época, asociándola a su educación tomista, en el tiempo que la encíclica Rerum Novarum del Papa León XIII hacía su aparición. Sus pastorales sociales y las dedicadas a la Democracia Cristiana, siendo Obispo de Orihuela, hablan de su sensibilidad social en el arduo problema de la cuestión social y su compromiso en su acción pastoral. / Bishop Maura´s thinking about the social issue the Christian democracy has been essential for the social doctrine of the Catholic church an , particularly, for the diocese of Orihuela. At the end of the nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentieth century, he connected with the science and culture of that time, and he associated it to his Thomistic education when the encyclical Rerum Novarum from the Pope Leon XIII appeared. HIs socials pastorals and those devoted to the Christian democracy talk about his social perception in the difficult problem of the social issue and his strong commitment in the pastoral action when he was Bishop in Orihuela.

This dissertation explores the construction of ordinariness in the accounts of perpetrators of gross human rights violations, who commit their actions in the context of a system. A review of the literature that conceived of perpetrators in this way was undertaken. This was done whilst exploring the social constructionist paradigm, which formed the theoretical backbone to the study. Discourse analysis was the methodology adopted for the two analyses that were undertaken in the thesis. The first was the analysis of the literature review, which was undertaken in order to see how ordinariness was constructed in the literature. The second analysis was that of the transcript of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) Amnesty hearing of the applicant Daniel Petrus Siebert, into the death of Steve Biko. The analyses indicate that there is much similiarity in the ways in which ordinariness is constructed in the local context, and the ways in which it is constructed in the literature. Ordinariness in the context of gross human rights violations is produced through constructions of the perpetrator and the system within which the acts were committed, as passive and active respectively. The construction of the system as the epitome of the evil that is perpetrated enables the humanity or ordinariness of the perpetrator to be kept intact. Ordinariness in the South African context, is based on racist constructions of good whiteness, and bad blackness. Further, in the local political context, the TRC provides the conditions of possibility for the production of ordinariness, and ensures that perpetrators and others who benefited during the apartheid regime, continue to do so, as issues of accountability and responsibility are not adequately addressed. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2000.

This thesis formulates and argues for a composite conceptual framework of ethics for strategic and sustainable corporate benevolence as a means of addressing HIV/AIDS in South Africa. The template consists of the following theoretical elements: modern virtue ethics, contemporary Western communitarian ethics, the African philosophy of Ubuntu and a feminist ethic of care. This template is applied to relevant pragmatic ends through the proposition that the King I I Report - as it explicitly advocates a universally communitarian and essentially African code of ethics for a business response to HIV/AIDS - offers a viable and valuable model to both understand and transcend the tensions between profits and caring in the post-apartheid era of the South African experience of the pandemic. Specific features of the thesis include contextual perspectives on the ethical variances of HIV/AIDS stigma and behaviour change, cached as the thought-form of " I and We" as opposed to "Us and Them", and the psycho-social linguistics of re-interpreting "the wounded other" as "the wounded us". This is drawn together conceptually in discussion around the individual in and of, rather than as opposed to, the community, stressing how the impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic is compelling our society to integrate this reverence into our disposition and conduct. In the spirit of this Afro-European communitarian ethic, and to apply this postulated theory for a concrete social morality in the wake of HIV/AIDS, the thesis argues that there is an ethical role for businesses in restoring the balance between nurturing and selfinterest - an equilibrium that is essential for both human expression and human survival. This involves underscoring the elderly and young women, as well as children, who head households and care for orphans of AIDS in circumstances of great vulnerability, (particularly the nation-wide body of informally organised volunteer home-based caregivers), as target beneficiaries for a gravely urgent and massive empowerment effort by the business sector. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2005.

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Summaries in English and Afrikaans / The aim of this thesis is to search for an "ethical" interpretation of equality. Although the current South African approach of "substantive" equality is better than mere "formal" equality, I fear that even substantive equality will again deny or reduce difference. An "ethical" interpretation of equality is a way of interpretation that radically acknowledges difference and otherness. I argue for an ethical interpretation of equality as an alternative to substantive and formal equality. The intersection between public space, equality and justice is essential to such an ethical interpretation. An ethical interpretation of equality requires that present South African visions of public space must be reconstructed and transformed continuously. This means that an ethical interpretation of equality rejects finality and closure in respect of public space. The visions of public space and perspectives of equality that I support are alert to difference and otherness. My understanding of justice is that it is never fully achieved in the present. Justice functions as a future orientated ideal. The "ethical" in an ethical interpretation of equality reflects an awareness of the limits of any present system to encompass equality and justice completely. Visions of public space, perspectives on equality and landscapes of justice (the features of the ethical intersection) form the main sections of the thesis. I discuss the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) as a manifestation of the ethical intersection between public space, equality and justice. The TRC was an outstanding example of reconstruction and transformation of public space. It was a public space where each and every individual was treated equally while concrete contexts, specific circumstances and difference were taken into account. The TRC as event was inspired by the ideal of justice. The value of the TRC as a manifestation of the ethical intersection is the profound effect it may have on our interpretation of equality by demonstrating the limits of the substantive approach. / Die doel van hierdie proefskrif is om ondersoek in te stel na 'n "etiese" interpretasie van gelykheid. Alhoewel die huidige Suid-Afrikaanse benadering van "substantiewe" gelykheid beter is as blote formele gelykheid, vrees ek dat selfs substantiewe gelykheid weereens verskil sal ontken of gering skat. 'n "Etiese" interpretasie van gelykheid is 'n manier van interpretasie wat radikaal kennis neem van verskil en andersheid. Ek argumenteer vir 'n etiese interpretasie van gelykheid as 'n alternatief tot substantiewe en formele gelykheid. Die interseksie tuseen publieke spasie, gelykheid en geregtigheid is noodsaaklik vir so 'n etiese interpretasie. 'n Etiese interpretasie van gelykheid vereis dat huidige Suid-Afrikaanse visies van publieke spasie aanhoudend gerekonstrueer en getransformeer moet word. Dit beteken dat 'n etiese interpretasie van gelykheid finaliteit en geslotenheid met betrekking tot publieke spasie verwerp. Die visies van publieke spasie en perspektiewe op gelykheid wat ek ondersteun is gevoelig vir verskil en andersheid. Ek verstaan geregtigheid as nooit volkome bereikbaar in die teenswoordige nie. Geregtigheid tree op as 'n toekomsgerigte ideaal. Die "etiese" in 'n etiese interpretasie van gelykheid weerspieel 'n bewustheid van die onvermoe van enige teenswoordige sisteem om gelykheid en geregtigheid volledig te omvat. Visies van publieke spasie, perspektiewe op gelykheid en landskappe van geregtigheid (die eienskappe van die etiese interseksie) vorm die hoofafdelings van die proefskrif. Ek bespreek die Suid-Afrikaanse Waarheids-en Versoeningskommissie (WVK) as 'n manifestasie van die etiese interseksie tussen publieke spasie, gelykheid en geregtigheid. Die WVK was 'n uitstaande voorbeeld van die rekonstruksie en transformasie van publieke spasie. Dit was 'n publieke spasie waar elke individu gelyk behandel is terwyl konkrete kontekste, spesifieke omstandighede en verskil in ag geneem is. Die WVK as 'n gebeurtenis is ge'lnspireer deur die ideaal van geregtigheid. Die waarde van die WVK as 'n manifestasie van die etiese interseksie is die diepgaande effek wat dit op ons interpretasie van gelykheid kan he deur die beperkings van die teenswoordige substantiewe benadering uit te wys. / Constitutional, International and Indigenous Law / LL.D.

Summaries in German and English / Text in German / Der Wettbewerb ist eine der prägenden Kräfte der Arbeitswelt. Gestaltet wurde die gegenwärtige Wettbewerbsordnung im deutschsprachigen Raum massgeblich von den neoliberalen Ökonomen Alfred Müller-Armack, Walter Eucken und Friedrich August von Hayek. Diese Literaturstudie untersucht die Wettbewerbsordnung dieser drei Ökonomen, deckt ihre ethischen Prämissen auf und diskutiert diese aus theologisch-ethischer Sicht. Im ersten Teil wird der vielschichtige Begriff Neoliberalismus sowie der Wettbewerb wirtschaftsgeschichtlich eingeordnet und die ausgewählten Texte einer wissenschaftlichen Textanalyse unterzogen. Tabellarisch und nach Themen geordnet werden die Thesen der Einzeluntersuchungen zusammengefasst. In fünf Themenbereichen zeigen sich signifikante Überschneidungen bei allen drei Ökonomen. Diese ausgewählten fünf Themenbereiche werden im zweiten Teil theologisch-ethisch diskutiert. Damit theologische Ethik und Ökonomie zu einem konstruktiven Austauschverhältnis gelangen können, wird vorgängig die Reichweite und Grenze einer biblisch-theologischen Arbeitsethik diskutiert. Zudem wird die biblische Perspektive zur Arbeit und zum Wettbewerb eruiert. Abschliessend werden der Kirche wie auch der Wirtschaft Impulse zur Gestaltung einer menschenwürdigen Arbeitsethik gegeben. / Competition is one of the distinctive forces of the working world. Amongst German speaking scholars, the current Wettbewerbsordnung (Engl.: order of competition) was shaped to a great extent by the neo-liberal economists Alfred Müller-Armack, Walter Eucken und Friedrich August von Hayek. This literature study examines the Wettbewerbsordnung of these three economists, uncovers their ethical premises and discusses these from a theological ethical point of view. The first section puts both the complex term ‘Neoliberalism’ and competition into an economic historical context. It also contains a scientific analysis of the chosen texts. The theses of the individually examined texts are summarised in tabular form and classified by subject area. In five areas, all three economists present significant overlap. In the second section, these chosen five areas are discussed from a theological ethical perspective. In order to enable a constructive exchange between theological ethics and economics, the analysis of the abovementioned five areas is preceded by a discussion of the scope and limits of a biblical theological work ethic. Further, this Master thesis traces the biblical perspective on work and competition. In conclusion, ideas are suggested both for the church and the economy on how to create a humane work ethic. / Philosophy, Practical & Systematic Theology / M. Th. (Theological Ethics)

This study takes the concept of ubuntu, which means humanness and applies it to healthcare issues in general, and women's health, in particular. Ubuntu is based on the reality of interdependence and relatedness. It is a philosophy or way of life that finds its roots and meaning in humanity. The values espoused in ubuntu emphasize caring, sharing, reciprocity, co-operation, compassion and empathy in recognition that for human beings to develop, flourish and reach their full potential, they need to conduct their relationships in a manner that promotes the well-being of others. The values championed in ubuntu are what inform and shape African cultural, social, political and ethical thought and action. / Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2007.