Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Psychology, Clinical Psychology, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

The purpose of this study was to establish a functional analysis protocol for examining behavioral deficits, using social withdrawal as an exemplar. A review of the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis over the past 10 years found that although the current behavior analytic literature contains extensive studies that functionally analyze behavioral excesses, there is a limited amount of studies that analyze deficits. The rationale behind this study was the notion that although behavioral deficits are rarely studied, the fact that the participant is capable of the behavior yet fails to engage in it leads to the idea that certain events are functionally maintaining this failure. The method used involved examining two male students identified as socially withdrawn. The approach for functionally analyzing their behavior(s) was based on the conditions described in Iwata et al. (1982/1994). Specifically this study had the following conditions attention, demand/escape, and unstructured play, otherwise known as the control condition. The procedures of this study were predicated on the hypothesis that behavioral deficits respond to social contingencies in a manner similar to many behavioral excesses. Based on the findings of this study, the deficit collectively referred to as "social withdrawal" was responsive to such contingencies. Specifically, social withdrawal appeared to be maintained by adult attention for both participants.

Research in second language acquisition has typically focused on classroom and laboratory settings. This study explores second language use in a non-classroom setting. It is based on research from divergent fields including theories of social interaction from sociology, theories of practice from anthropology, and nonlinear dynamics from the physical sciences. This study is a qualitative study, which employs both ethnographic and discourse analytic methods. The study examines native and non-native English speaker interactions on a MUD, a text-based online game. Data was collected for one year. The data for analysis consist primarily of logs of online interactions. The major conclusion of this study was that individuals acquire language appropriate to a particular environment by interacting with others in that environment. As individuals come to an environment and strive towards particular non-linguistic goals, they necessarily interact with others in the environment. As they do, they create shared ways of interacting. Through interaction, they refine the ways in which they speak. By employing multiple perspectives to guide the analysis, new insights into second language use and interaction can be obtained. This broadens our understanding of second language use in non-classroom settings. Implications for pedagogy in foreign language education are discussed.

One of my concerns has been how children behave in a crowded classroom with few available opportunities to interact and rehearse the lesson with their peers and teacher. This research paper allows me to explore how teacher`s directives/ manners  (verbal & non-verbal communication) during the English lesson,  impact and fix children`s behaviours temporarily.  I have conducted this emprirical case study in a religious catholic, monolingual, Spanish school conformed only by girls aged 7-9, who are in the third level of its primary level.  As my interest was to analyze the talk of my purpose sampling (teacher-student) and the interactive behaviour in the natural occurring situation in this social setting, the method I chose was the analysis of social interaction, on Conversation Analysis. This allows me to unfold the talk-in-interaction and concentrate on micro-analytic situations using the standard convention to transcribe my selected analysis. Therefore, the contribution of this paper is to explore and demonstrate how disciplinary acts were deilvered by the teacher affecting the child`s subjectivity and performance in a crowded classroom.

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Tyrimo problema – vaikų, sergančių autizmu, keliami sunkumai vis labiau įtakoja šeimos gyvenimą. Norėdami išsamiau pažinti autizmo sutrikimu pasižyminčių vaikų asmenybės ir veiklos ypatumus, turime išanalizuoti ir įvertinti šių vaikų funkcionavimą artimiausioje socialinėje aplinkoje, t.y. šeimoje. Todėl mūsų darbe analizuojami vaikų, turinčių autizmo sutrikimą socialinės sąveikos, verbalinės ir neverbalinės komunikacijos bei elgesio vertinimas tėvų požiūriu. Norint nustatyti ir išryškinti autizmo sutrikimu pasižymintiems vaikams būdingus specifinius ypatumus, šios grupės duomenis palyginsime su tėvų, auginančių vaikus, kuriems nediagnozuotas vaikystės autizmo sutrikimas atitinkamais tyrimo rezultatais. Svarbu pabrėžti, kad autizmo sutrikimo problemos veda prie vis didesnių sunkumų vyresniame amžiuje, tad kuo ilgiau į jas nekreipiamas pakankamas dėmesys, tuo sunkesnių pasekmių galime tikėtis. Tikslas – nustatyti sveik��� vaikų ir vaikų turinčių autizmo sutrikimą socialinės sąveikos, verbalinės ir neverbalinės komunikacijos bei elgesio ypatumus, tėvų požiūriu. Uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti ir palyginti vaikų – sveikų ir turinčių autizmo sutrikimą socialinės sąveikos įvertinimus; analizuoti lyties ir amžiaus aspektu. 2. Įvertinti ir palyginti sveikų vaikų ir vaikų turinčių autizmo sutrikimą verbalinę ir neverbalinę komunikaciją; analizuoti lyties ir amžiaus aspektu. 3. Nustatyti ir palyginti elgesio ypatumų įvertinimus sveikų vaikų ir vaikų turinčių autizmo sutrikimą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The problem of research: the difficulties caused by children with autism more and more influence their families. It is often admitted that the child's socialization depends on two trends of processes: the child is influenced by his/her parents and he/she himself/herself develops his/her parents behavior. It’s important the members of family to introduce with peculiarity of autism. Also, estimate the needs of families. That’s why in our job we analyze the autistic children social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, behavior peculiarity in the aspect of sex and age. It’s important point, that the problems of autism leading to bigger difficulties in elder age. So, as longer we will not pay enough attention to it as we can expect worse results. The aim: to determine the peculiarities of social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and behavior of healthy and autistic children from the point of view of their parents. The tasks: 1. To analyze and compare the evaluation of social interaction of children- healthy and autistic ones; to analyze in the aspect of sex and age. 2.Evaluate and compare verbal and nonverbal communication of healthy and autistic children; to analyze in the aspect of sex and age. 3.To determine and compare evaluation of the peculiarities of healthy and autistic children in their behavior; to analyze in the aspect of sex and age. Hypothesis: the indicators of social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and behavior of... [to full text]

It has almost been a decade since the inception of a 'New South Africa', without apartheid, which separated South Africans and classified them hierarchically according to their 'race'. The 'eradication' of apartheid has meant that South Africans have had to re-look at issues around racial identity without a dominating apartheid ideology. The purpose of the research was to describe and to look at some of the features and dynamics concerning racial identity that are prevalent in a post-apartheid South Africa. This was done by exploring the nature and type of interactions University of Natal Durban (UNO) students (doing a Human Behaviour and the Environment module) had with persons not from their own racial group, prior to coming to UNO as well as at UNO. The possible challenges, threats and opportunities students felt were afforded them because of their racial group were also explored. Literature concerning issues of racial identification in South Africa and other parts of the world was also examined. A descriptive research design, using a triangulated research methodology incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods was used in the study. A non-probability sampling method with reliance on 83 available law, community development, nursing and psychology students representing the four racial classifications in South Africa, namely black, white, coloured and Indian was used. Data were collected through observations as well as through a self administered structured questionnaire. The findings of the research suggest that issues related to racial identification in a post-apartheid South Africa, for black, white, coloured and Indian students is in turmoil and requires reconstruction. The findings further indicated that questions about affirmative action and the future of non-black South Africans in South Africa is believed to be uncertain and negative. The issue of poverty and the internalised oppression and inferiority of black students was also identified to be problematic. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.

SUMMARY of Rasa Matusienė Master‘s thesis ‘The Particularities of Social Interaction Obstacles (Conflict, Stress, Expression of Ego States) When Working as a Sport Manager‘ Keywords: social interaction, conflict, stress, Ego states, sport manager. Object of research: particularities of social interaction obstacles (conflict, stress, expression of Ego states) when working as a sport manager. Problem (research) question: How age, professional experience of the sport managers and number of subordinates influence the expression of social interaction obstacles? Hypotheses: 1. The choice of conflict solution strategies largely depends on the age of sport managers: younger sport managers (in comparison with average age of those investigated) more often choose cooperation strategy, whereas older sport managers more often tend to choose compromise strategy. 2. The age of sport managers, professional experience, the number of subordinates and the size of organization has no considerable influence on sport manager‘s inclination to stress. 3. Professional experience has a great deal of influence on the expression of Ego states: Adult Ego state expression is more characteristic to the sport managers with less work experience (in comparison with the average work experience of those investigated), whereas the expression of the Patronizing Father Ego state appears to be considerably stronger among the managers with more professional experience. Aim of research is to disclose the... [to full text]

No abstract available. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Durban, 1961.

No description available.