Abstract Although Grade 1-9 Curriculum has been put into practice in Social Studies learning area for a period of time, there isn¡¦t a complete discussion about it. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to analyze the related studies in ¡§core rationale and curriculum goal¡¨ part, ¡§competence indicators and main content¡¨ part and ¡§implement guidelines¡¨ part and to investigate the suggestions of the related studies. The subjects are 177 curriculum guideline studies studies. The results are as follows: 1. ¡§Competence indicators and main content¡¨ studies and ¡§implement ation guidelines¡¨ studies are the most part. They are 109 and 61 separately. 2. The number of ¡§core rationale and curriculum goal¡¨ studies is seven. They all agree with the integration trand which the curriculum guideline and curriculum goals pursue. However, there is no connection between theory and practice. 3. Developing competence indicators and main content: there are some discussions according to the nine theme axes and main content. 4. Implementation guideline: First: cognitive part: more and more teachers understand the curriculum guideline, which facilitates the accomplishment of curriculum guideline. Secont: integration part: there is lack of the principle explanation of the connection between integration, cognition, and practice. Therefore, it is necessary to offer the main reasons of pursuing the integration. Third: textbook: Teachers¡¦ transformations are crucial. Forth: evaluation: Although that the government should establish the professional institution to develop the long-term which is still lack in corrent elementary schools and junior high schools. Fifth: competence indicators are too abstract to understand. Therefore, it increases the difficulties in designing learning materials. Key Words: Social Studies learning area, Social Studies, Grade 1-9 Curriculum Guidelines

Teachers and children who were in schools on September 11, 2001 harbor unique, personal, and accessible memories of the events that occurred that Tuesday morning. Educational research has attended to this (inter)national crisis in a multitude of ways, yet there exists a gap in the literature that attends to how today’s preservice teachers remember the crisis through the lens of citizenship. To add complexity, adolescents who were in classrooms on September 11 are now adults, and some are studying to be teachers. This dissertation study aims to highlight how preservice teachers remember 9/11, how they understand citizenship, and how they plan to teach about 9/11 as an historical event to elementary students. This study presents the findings of a qualitative instrumental case study of five elementary preservice teachers’ memories of September 11, 2001 as experienced as adolescents in school. The author investigates how the preservice teachers’ memories intersect with understandings of citizenship, and how the young teachers plan to teach about 9/11 in an elementary social studies setting. Preservice teachers in the study participated in two interviews and one think-aloud lesson planning session with the researcher. Data analysis indicate the preservice teachers’ understandings of citizenship are still evolving, yet the crisis of 9/11 further complicates—or interrupts—more critical notions of citizenship. The participants’ memories of 9/11 are vivid and include reactions of their classmates and teachers. When participants were asked to create a lesson plan for elementary students, they felt overwhelmed by the amount of resources on the topic, and that they did not know enough about 9/11 to teach about it effectively. Findings suggest the singular understandings of citizenship held by participants are temporal and contextual. During a time of crisis—and specifically during and following 9/11—citizens succumbed to more belligerent notions of citizenship, and later, their memories contribute to their still evolving teacher identities. Drawing from their own civic understandings and memories of 9/11, four of the five preservice teacher participants planned to use their lessons about 9/11 to teach children how citizens come together in a time of crisis. One participant chose to design a week-long unit of instruction that allows students to examine the events of 9/11 in more critical ways. Finally, the study raises questions about the drastic range of possibilities in teaching 9/11 in elementary school, and exposes how teachers choose to include and exclude certain images, narratives, and accounts from the story. / text

The Texas Education Agency’s Social Studies Texas Assessment of Knowledge and Skills results show an achievement gap between males and females for every criteria on every test given since 2003. The most dramatic achievement difference is in the area of “traditional” U.S. History. The Texas results mimic a gender gap reported by College Board Texas AP U.S. history exams and the 2006 National Assessment of Education Programs United States assessment for 8th and 12th graders. Literature and education research outline a contentious background the current social studies and history education programs a, a history of social studies assessment programs, and different theoretical frameworks regarding male and female learning. A Transformative Sequential Mixed Method/Model Design was used for this study. Social Studies TAKS quantitative data collected by the Texas Education Agency formed the basis for an Interactive Qualitative Analysis (IQA) study. The Researcher gathered data from a statewide sampling of social studies supervisors, administrators, teachers and Austin Independent School District social studies students. Findings show perspectives regarding the social studies are different and crucial to effective instruction. Both female and male student focus groups believe the teacher to be in complete control of student learning whereas social studies supervisors, administrators, and teachers find the teacher to be a recipient of the pressures from the statewide assessment, accountability, external influences. Female students are shaped by the influences of their outside life and find the entire subject matter covered by the social studies irrelevant. Male students are more personally involved in the history and social studies subject matter finding it important and interesting. / text

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 1999. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 228-238). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

In this episode, we explore the central professional organization for the social studies, the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS). We review their history and beginning, learn about definitions and purposes for social studies, take a look at key NCSS curriculum standards and frameworks, and explore related NCSS publications and resources for teachers and classrooms. / https://dc.etsu.edu/social-studies-education-oer/1000/thumbnail.jpg

In this episode, we explore the national curriculum standards and organizing strands of the NCSS “10 Themes” and review the various, related disciplinary content areas that contribute broadly to the whole social studies curriculum in the K-12 classroom. / https://dc.etsu.edu/social-studies-education-oer/1001/thumbnail.jpg

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur lärare i ämnet samhällskunskap förhåller sig till normkritisk pedagogik, samt hur de uppfattar att deras förhållningssätt präglar den samhällskunskapsundervisning som sker. Syftet är också att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar lärarnas förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik. Normkritisk pedagogik handlar om att visa sätten som olika normer interagerar och skapar obalanser i makt samt om hur dessa normer kan utmanas inom undervisningssammanhang (Bromseth & Darj, 2010, s. 13). Samhällskunskapslärare som undervisar i årskurs 7-9 har besvarat en kvalitativ enkät om deras förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik. Samhällskunskapslärarnas svar har analyserats utifrån flera bakgrundsfaktorer för att undersöka eventuella variationer i deras förhållningssätt utifrån deras bakgrund. Dessa bakgrundsfaktorer var ålder, kön, yrkeserfarenhet, behörighet och ämneskombination.  Samhällskunskapslärarna har till stor del positiva uppfattningar av begreppen normkritik och normkritisk pedagogik, vilket medför att majoriteten av samhällskunskapslärarna arbetar med normkritisk pedagogik i hög utsträckning eller i mycket hög utsträckning. Studien visar även en viss relation mellan ålder och kön som bakgrundsfaktorer för i vilken utsträckning som samhällskunskapslärarna arbetar med normkritisk pedagogik. Ett resultat var dessutom att de studerade samhällskunskapslärarna anser att deras personliga bakgrund har påverkat deras förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik i högre utsträckning än styrdokumenten. Faktorer som samhällskunskapslärarna själva menar har påverkat deras förhållningssätt är deras personliga bakgrund, didaktiska reflektioner, samhället och eleverna. Samhällskunskapslärarna nämner emellertid inte styrdokumenten som en viktig påverkansfaktor. Majoriteten av samhällskunskapslärarna menar dessutom att deras förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik påverkar deras samhällskunskapsundervisning. Studien indikerar även en viss relation mellan kön som bakgrundsfaktor och i vilken utsträckning som samhällskunskapslärarna menar att deras förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik påverkar deras samhällskunskapsundervisning. Flera samhällskunskapslärare betonar emellertid att andra faktorer än deras förhållningssätt påverkar deras val av ämnesinnehåll och undervisningsmetoder. Dessa faktorer är styrdokumentens centrala innehåll och/eller den aktuella elevgruppen.  Studien visar även att det är möjligt att styrdokumenten, lagar och institutioner kan påverka samhällskunskapslärares förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik utan deras medvetenhet. Studien visar emellertid även att majoriteten av samhällskunskapslärarna menar att deras personliga bakgrund påverkar deras förhållningssätt, vilket i sin tur påverkar den konkreta samhällskunskapsundervisningen. Styrdokumenten, diskrimineringslagen och Skolverket som institution fungerar därmed som ramar som påverkar och reglerar samhällskunskapslärares förhållningssätt till normkritisk pedagogik och deras samhällskunskapsundervisning. / The purpose of this essay is to investigate how teachers in the subject of social studies approach norm-critical pedagogy, and how they perceive that their approach characterizes the social studies teaching that takes place. The purpose is also to investigate which factors influence the teachers’ approach to norm-critical pedagogy. Norm-critical pedagogy is about showing the ways in which different norms interact and create imbalances in power and about how these norms can be challenged in teaching contexts (Bromseth & Darj, 2010, p. 13). Social studies teachers who teach 7-9 graders have answered a qualitative questionnaire about their approach to norm-critical pedagogy. The social studies teachers’ answers have been analyzed on the basis of several background factors in order to investigate possible variations in their approach based on their background. These background factors were age, gender, professional experience, eligibility and subject combination.  The social studies teachers have to a large extent positive perceptions of the concepts of norm criticism and norm-critical pedagogy, which causes the majority of the social studies teachers to work with norm-critical pedagogy to a high extent or to a very high extent. The study also shows a certain relationship between age and gender as background factors for the extent to which the social studies teachers work with norm-critical pedagogy. A result was also that the social studies teachers believe that their personal background have influenced their approach to norm-critical pedagogy to a greater extent than the steering documents. Factors that the social studies teachers themselves believe have influenced their approach are their personal background, didactic reflections, the society and the students. However, the social studies teachers do not mention the steering documents as an important factor. The majority of the social studies teachers also believe that their approach to norm-critical pedagogy affects their social studies teaching. The study also indicated a certain relationship between gender as a background factor and the extent to which the social studies teachers believe that their approach to norm-critical pedagogy affects their social studies teaching. However, several social studies teachers emphasize that other factors than their approach influence their choice of subject content and teaching methods. These factors are the central content of the steering documents and/or the students.  The study also shows that it is possible that the steering documents, laws and institutions can influence social studies teachers’ attitudes to norm-critical pedagogy without their awareness. However, the study also shows that the majority of the social studies teachers believe that their personal background influences their approach, which in turn affects their social studies teaching. The steering documents, the Discrimination Act and the Swedish National Agency for Education as an institution thus function as frameworks that influence and regulate social studies teachers’ approach to norm-critical pedagogy and their social studies teaching.

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Research shows that students occasionally face linguistic challenges related to the subject-concepts of social studies. One example concern that individuals can interpret subject-concepts in various ways. Therefore, the area of this study is how social studies teachers work with subject-concepts in social studies. The study aims to investigate how these teachers describe the subject-concepts in relation to an everyday language. Furthermore, the aim is to investigate how these teachers work with subject-concepts in their instruction. The research questions concern partly how teachers characterize the subject-concepts as well as in what way they differ from the everyday language. Moreover, the study aims to answer the question of how teachers through their instruction enable that students are given the opportunity to develop an understanding of these. The data consists of ten individual, qualitative and semi-structured interviews with social studies teachers currently teaching in Swedish year 7-9. Moreover, it constitutes of national and international research of different kinds. The theory of hermeneutics has been used as both the theoretical and methodological framework. Results show that subject-concepts can be characterized as consistent and be described as including differences. A reoccurring difference is that the meaning of subject-concepts depends on the context. The teachers describe that there is a distance between the subject-concepts and the students, which explains how the concepts differ from everyday language. The distance can be explained by the fact that students in general do not interact with the subject-concepts in everyday life, as well as not using them in everyday dialog. A second difference between subject-concepts and everyday language is found to be the structure of subject-concepts. How teachers work with subject-concepts varies, but results show reoccurring themes. It is common to use group teaching and varying methods of instruction. Moreover, results imply that teachers often give supportive efforts when working with subject-concepts. Prominent supportive actions are visualization, help with study technique, and accessibility to teacher support. The conclusion is that the horizon of understanding around this subject is unlimited, but present study has been broadened it. / Forskning visar att elever tidvis möter språkliga utmaningar som relaterar till de ämnesbegrepp som finns i samhällskunskapsämnet. Ett exempel handlar om att ämnesbegrepp kan ges olika tolkningar av olika individer. Ämnesområdet för den här studien är, med utgångspunkt ur ovanstående, samhällskunskapslärares arbete med ämnesbegrepp i samhällskunskapsämnet. Syftet är att undersöka hur dessa beskriver ämnesbegreppen i relation till vardagsspråk. Likaså är syftet att undersöka hur lärarna arbetar med ämnesbegreppen i sin undervisning. Frågeställningarna berör dels lärarnas karaktärisering av ämnesbegreppen samt deras beskrivning av hur dessa skiljer sig från ett vardagligt språk. Dels hur lärarna genom sin undervisning möjliggör att eleverna ges möjlighet att utveckla förståelse för ämnesbegreppen. Materialet består av dels tio enskilda, kvalitativa och semistrukturerade intervjuer med samhällskunskapslärare som undervisar på högstadiet. Dels nationell och internationell forskning av olika slag. Hermeneutiken har använts som både teoretiskt och metodiskt ramverk. Resultatet visar att ämnesbegreppen kan karaktäriseras som sammanhängande samt beskrivas inrymma olikheter. En återkommande olikhet var att ämnesbegreppen kan ha olika betydelser beroende på i vilken kontext de diskuteras. Lärarna förklarar att ämnesbegreppen har ett avstånd till eleverna, något som beskriver hur de skiljer sig från ett vardagsspråk. Avståndet handlar om att eleverna generellt sett inte möter ämnesbegreppen till vardags samt att de inte använder dem i vardaglig dialog. En annan skiljelinje mellan ämnesbegreppen och vardagsspråk benämns vara att ämnesbegreppen har en annan uppbyggnad. Lärarnas arbete med ämnesbegreppen är i viss mån varierad, men resultatet visar några återkommande aspekter. Bland dessa nämns att inlärningsmomenten sker tillsammans, att undervisningsmetoderna varieras samt att stödjande insatser ges. De stöd som framträder är bildstöd, studieteknik och lärarens tillgänglighet för eleverna. Slutsatsen är att förståelsehorisonten kring ämnesområdet är obegränsad, samtidigt som föreliggande uppsats varit en del i att vidga den.